US3489531A - Multilayer sintered contact body - Google Patents

Multilayer sintered contact body Download PDF

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Publication number
US3489531A
US3489531A US668767A US3489531DA US3489531A US 3489531 A US3489531 A US 3489531A US 668767 A US668767 A US 668767A US 3489531D A US3489531D A US 3489531DA US 3489531 A US3489531 A US 3489531A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
contact
layer
welding
graphite
surface layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US668767A
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English (en)
Inventor
Horst Schreiner
Rudolf Scherbaum
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3489531A publication Critical patent/US3489531A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0231—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material provided with a solder layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/923—Physical dimension
    • Y10S428/924—Composite
    • Y10S428/926—Thickness of individual layer specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12146—Nonmetal particles in a component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components

Definitions

  • Preferred contact materials with a content of metal oxide or metalloid are, for example, Ag-CdO, Ag-Ni-CdO, Ag-SnO Ag-MgO, Ag-graphite.
  • a second layer of a material having good solder and welding properties was applied on the side to be soldered or welded.
  • a multilayer contact body was used to achieve a higher burn-01f strength.
  • the required additional reduction of the welding strength has not yet been obtained especially in the case of short circuit switching (e.g., closing a shortened circuit when closing the switch) and at a certain short-circuit current intensity.
  • short circuit switching e.g., closing a shortened circuit when closing the switch
  • those new contact surfaces that have not been previously subjected to switching will often intensively fuse and freeze at the first closing upon an existing short circuit.
  • the force needed for rupturing the welded bridge is usually higher than the contact opening force of the switch. In these instances, the contacts remain welded together.
  • the present invention relates to a multilayer sintered contact body of low welding strength wherein the abovedescribed diflioulties are surmounted.
  • the contact layer consists of two differently composed layers.
  • a sintered contact body whose contact layer is comprised of a main contact layer of a material having a low welding force, upon which is located the second contact layer, or surface-layer, comprised of a material of lower welding strength than the material of the main contact layer.
  • the main contact layer is considerably thicker than the surface layer.
  • the main contact layer may consist of the known contact material combinations which are used for contact pieces of low welding strength, such as Ag-CdO, Ag-In O Ag-SnO Ag-PbO, Cu-PbO, Ag-ZnO, Ag-Fe O Ag-MO Ag-WC, AgCdO-Ni, AgCdO-C or Ag-C (graphite).
  • a small addition amount for example 5 for the indicated metal-oxide additions, or 2% for the graphite addition, only a small reduction in welding strength relative to the original metal is obtained.
  • An increased addition amount of metal oxide or graphite increases the 3,489,531 Patented Jan. 13, 1970 ICC effect upon the welding qualities and the welding strength diminishes to a greater degree.
  • a preferred range for the addition of metal-oxide is between 5 and 15% and for graphite between 2 and 10%.
  • Larger amounts of additional components for the basic metal silver or copper, for example 15 metal oxide or 10% graphite will change not only the welding qualities but also other characteristics of the contact material. These changes may have an adverse effect on a switching device.
  • the burn-off of the contact material decreases with increasing amounts of metal oxide or graphite addition to the basic metal. It is, therefore, impossible to fabricate the entire contact piece of the aforedescribed combination having a high share of oxide or graphite, which though it possesses adequate welding safety, has a burn-01f which is too high.
  • a contact material with a higher content of addition or supplemental components has very special advantages when used as a surface layer on a main contact layer having a smaller content of additional components.
  • a great technical progress is obtained, since one obtains contact pieces of weld-proof material, which under the same conditions would weld but for the layer which has the increased welding safety.
  • the second contact layer is located at the contact surface and is effective during the first switchings of the new contacts.
  • the surface layer may be relatively thin compared to the main contact layer and is between 0.02 and 0.3 mm., preferably 0.15 mm.
  • Another layer of an easily solderable or easily weldable metal may be applied on the side facing the carrier metal.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show the construction of the contacts of the present invention.
  • the reference numerals are the same in both figures.
  • the carrier metal is numbered 1, the main contact layer 2, and the surface layer 3. Accordingto FIG. 2, an easily solderable and weldable layer 4 is arranged between the carrier metal 1 and the main contact layer 2.
  • the application of the surface layer upon the main contact layer may be effected by filling an appropriate powder mixture, for example, an Ag-graphite powder mixture, into a matrix, followed by mutual compressing, sintering and recompressing processes.
  • the contact body may be connected with the contact carrier by means of welding or soldering.
  • a good solderable layer for example, a silver or copper layer
  • a good solderable layer may be applied upon the solder side of the main contact layer. This may be done by a compressing process.
  • three variously composed powders are filled, one upon another, into the matrix or mold, for example, first silver powder for the easily solderable layer to a layer thickness of 0.3 mm., second, the main contact layer to a layer thickness of approximately 2.7 mm., and then the contact surface layer at a layer thickness of 0.1 mm.
  • the indicated layer thicknesses relate to the recompressed sintered contact.
  • the filling heights of the powder layers are larger, as the filling factor is approximately 3.
  • the stratified powders are compressed at 4 t./cm. (ton/square centimeter), the pressed object is sintered for one hour in hydrogen, at 800 C., and the sintered objects are recompressed at 8 t./cm. calibrated and compressed into an end piece.
  • contact pieces of'AgC were produced in accordance with the present invention.
  • the two contact layers may consist of the aforementioned combinations, whereby the thicker main contact layer has a smaller content of graphite (metal oxide could be substituted) than the thinner surface layer.
  • the graphite content in the surface layer is designed for the smallest possible welding strength.
  • the contact layers are comprised of silver graphite.
  • Particularly preferable are contact bodies whose main contact layer constitutes Aggraphite in the ratio 95:5:: Agzgraphite, and whose main contact layer has a surface layer of Ag-graphite in the ratio 80:20:: Agzgraphite.
  • This surface layer of 80/20 Ag-graphite is characterized by a considerably lower welding strength compared to the layer of 95/5 Aggraphite.
  • the thickness of the surface layer is between 0.05 and 0.2 mm. It amounts to approximately to 10% of the thickness of the main contact layer.
  • the contact bodies of the present invention do not weld in switchings upon short circuits, so that any welding bridges may be separated with an opening strength of 400 p.
  • Contacts with a diameter of about 5 mm. and a height of 2.5 mm. may be used, for example, as contacts for an automatically alternating current of 20 A. rating.
  • the contact layer consists of a main contact layer consisting essentially of a material with low welding strength, and asurface layer with an even smaller welding strength
  • said main contact layer is selected from silveri-oncop'perwith a 5 to 15% metal oxideor 2. to 10%; graphite addition and said surface layer is selected from silver or'copper with over 15% metal oxide or over, 10%, graphite addition.
  • the contact body of claim 3, wherein the main contact body is selected from combinations from the group of Ag-CdO, Ag-In O Ag-SnO Ag-PbO, Cu-PbO, Ag- ZnO, Ag-Fe 0 Ag-MO Ag-WC, Ag-CdO-Ni, Ag-MgO- N; and Ag-CdO-C and Ag'C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
US668767A 1966-09-20 1967-09-19 Multilayer sintered contact body Expired - Lifetime US3489531A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES0105942 1966-09-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3489531A true US3489531A (en) 1970-01-13

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US668767A Expired - Lifetime US3489531A (en) 1966-09-20 1967-09-19 Multilayer sintered contact body

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3489531A (de)
DE (1) DE1564713A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1551948A (de)
GB (1) GB1168125A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893820A (en) * 1971-10-27 1975-07-08 Square D Co Cu-{8 Ag{9 -CdO electric contact materials
US3913201A (en) * 1968-07-05 1975-10-21 Siemens Ag Bonded material for electrical contact pieces
US4025313A (en) * 1974-07-24 1977-05-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Rolled stock of powder metallurgically-formed, nonductile material and method of production
US4138251A (en) * 1977-05-31 1979-02-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electrical contact material
US4141727A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-02-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrical contact material and method of making the same
DE3347550A1 (de) * 1983-12-30 1985-07-11 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verbundwerkstoff aus chrom und kupfer, verfahren zu dessen herstellung sowie formteilkontaktstueck aus diesem werkstoff
US4530815A (en) * 1982-06-29 1985-07-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing a contact device for a switch
US5360673A (en) * 1988-03-26 1994-11-01 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter Semifinished product for electric contacts made of a composite material based on silver-tin oxide and powdermetallurgical process of making said product
CN104289876A (zh) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-21 东莞市中一合金科技有限公司 超薄银层焊接带材加工工艺
CN111451497A (zh) * 2020-03-10 2020-07-28 福达合金材料股份有限公司 一种平行纤维强化银石墨带状触头材料及其制备方法
WO2020219159A1 (en) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Electrical contact assembly using silver graphite
CN112267044A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-26 西安工程大学 一种铜/石墨/氧化锡电接触材料的制备方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2236261A1 (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-01-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries Electrical contacts of silver- indium- and tin- oxides - made by internal oxidn. of silver-indium-tin alloys, and with excellent properties
JPS60246511A (ja) * 1984-05-19 1985-12-06 中外電気工業株式会社 電気遮断器用接点
IT1198172B (it) * 1986-11-26 1988-12-21 Maria Polvara Struttura di elettrodo,particolarment eper saldatura eletrica a resistenza,eseguita a punti,e procedimento di fabbricazione relativo
FR2655206B1 (fr) * 1989-11-29 1993-12-31 Merlin Gerin Materiau composite fritte pour contact electrique, et pastille de contact utilisant ledit materiau.
FR2685809A1 (fr) * 1991-12-26 1993-07-02 Valeo Communitation Interrupteur d'antivol de vehicule automobile.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706759A (en) * 1951-07-14 1955-04-19 Gibson Electric Company Refractory contacts
US3248681A (en) * 1962-03-30 1966-04-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Contacts for semiconductor devices
US3359623A (en) * 1965-05-13 1967-12-26 Talon Inc Method for making refractory metal contacts having integral welding surfaces thereon
US3373003A (en) * 1965-04-01 1968-03-12 Siemens Ag Multi-layer bonded metal structure
US3385677A (en) * 1965-06-30 1968-05-28 Siemens Ag Sintered composition material
US3410722A (en) * 1965-03-23 1968-11-12 Gen Dynamics Corp Welding method, composition and article

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706759A (en) * 1951-07-14 1955-04-19 Gibson Electric Company Refractory contacts
US3248681A (en) * 1962-03-30 1966-04-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Contacts for semiconductor devices
US3410722A (en) * 1965-03-23 1968-11-12 Gen Dynamics Corp Welding method, composition and article
US3373003A (en) * 1965-04-01 1968-03-12 Siemens Ag Multi-layer bonded metal structure
US3359623A (en) * 1965-05-13 1967-12-26 Talon Inc Method for making refractory metal contacts having integral welding surfaces thereon
US3385677A (en) * 1965-06-30 1968-05-28 Siemens Ag Sintered composition material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3913201A (en) * 1968-07-05 1975-10-21 Siemens Ag Bonded material for electrical contact pieces
US3893820A (en) * 1971-10-27 1975-07-08 Square D Co Cu-{8 Ag{9 -CdO electric contact materials
US4025313A (en) * 1974-07-24 1977-05-24 Texas Instruments Incorporated Rolled stock of powder metallurgically-formed, nonductile material and method of production
US4141727A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-02-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrical contact material and method of making the same
US4138251A (en) * 1977-05-31 1979-02-06 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electrical contact material
US4530815A (en) * 1982-06-29 1985-07-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of producing a contact device for a switch
DE3347550A1 (de) * 1983-12-30 1985-07-11 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verbundwerkstoff aus chrom und kupfer, verfahren zu dessen herstellung sowie formteilkontaktstueck aus diesem werkstoff
US5360673A (en) * 1988-03-26 1994-11-01 Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter Semifinished product for electric contacts made of a composite material based on silver-tin oxide and powdermetallurgical process of making said product
CN104289876A (zh) * 2014-10-28 2015-01-21 东莞市中一合金科技有限公司 超薄银层焊接带材加工工艺
WO2020219159A1 (en) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Electrical contact assembly using silver graphite
CN111451497A (zh) * 2020-03-10 2020-07-28 福达合金材料股份有限公司 一种平行纤维强化银石墨带状触头材料及其制备方法
CN111451497B (zh) * 2020-03-10 2022-05-17 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 一种平行纤维强化银石墨带状触头材料及其制备方法
CN112267044A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-26 西安工程大学 一种铜/石墨/氧化锡电接触材料的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1564713A1 (de) 1970-10-22
DE1564713B2 (de) 1970-12-17
FR1551948A (de) 1969-01-03
GB1168125A (en) 1969-10-22

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