US3476668A - Electrophoretic coating process in a medium containing a resin,plus powdered plastic material - Google Patents

Electrophoretic coating process in a medium containing a resin,plus powdered plastic material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3476668A
US3476668A US581716A US3476668DA US3476668A US 3476668 A US3476668 A US 3476668A US 581716 A US581716 A US 581716A US 3476668D A US3476668D A US 3476668DA US 3476668 A US3476668 A US 3476668A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
coating
resin
microns
plastic material
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US581716A
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner Scheiber
Peter Walter
Rolf Lehmann
Klaus Kowarik
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US3476668A publication Critical patent/US3476668A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/44—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes for electrophoretic applications
    • C09D5/4473—Mixture of polymers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the art of applying a surface coating to an object. It more particularly refers to a process for applying a surface coating by electrolytic means.
  • surface coatings can be applied to shaped objects by electrolytic means provided that the shaped objects are themselves conductive and can serve as electrodes.
  • the material to be used as the surface coating is suitably dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium and an electric field is maintained in the medium, such as will cause the coating material to migrate toward the electrode and becomes coated thereon in a coherent layer. This process has generally been referred to as electrophoretic coating or enameling.
  • Electrophoretic coating or enameling has considerable advantages over conventional varnishing or enameling methods. For example, it is possible by this method to produce a solid, water-insoluble film with a solids content of about 95 to 97% in a thickness of about 20 to 30 microns within two minutes. The object is provided on all sides with an adherent and close-pored, practically waterfree coating, even corners and escutcheons, as well as places of diflicult access being well covered.
  • One special advantage of eletrophoretic coating is the safety in handling water-base coatings, which to a great extent eliminates the danger of fire or explosion and the nuisance of bad odors. The coating material is utilized efficiently, and the danger of so-called runs or curtains such as occur in conventional methods of application does not exist.
  • a problem that is just as diificult is the use of coating materials made up of different resin components, for in this case there is the danger that the components may not be uniformly deposited out of the bath, resulting in uncontrollable changes in the composition of the coating material in the bath, the development of poor reproducibility conditions, and the formation of coatings which differ considerably from the original coating composition.
  • one aspect of this invention resides in an electrophoretic coating process using as the coating medium one or more suitable resins dissolved or dispersed in water and having at least one insoluble, powdered plastic material suspended therein.
  • the suspended plastic material should have a particle size of about 0.1 to 100 microns.
  • the optimum grain size of the suspended plastic powder runs between about 0.5 and 20 microns. It has been found that, when such a powder is used, films can be achieved with thicknesses of 100 microns and more, which are substantially non-porous and substantially uniform in structure.
  • thermosetting plastics and/or thermoplastics are used, preferably thermoplastics, on the basis of polyolefins, cellulose esters, polyurethanes, polyamides, polystyrenes, polyepoxies and polyethers, and also halogenated plastics and/or copolymers or mixtures of these plastics.
  • the dissolved or dispersed resin may suitably be pigmented or not as the case may be and as desired. It is within the scope of this invention to utilize as such vehicle resin thermosetting or thermoplastic materials as exemplified by phenolic resins, which may be modified acrylic, melamine or alkyd resins, epoxy resins, polyamides, resins on a trimellitic acid basis, or mixtures of these resins.
  • phenolic resins which may be modified acrylic, melamine or alkyd resins, epoxy resins, polyamides, resins on a trimellitic acid basis, or mixtures of these resins.
  • the plastic powder may contain 0.5 to 5% by weight, of an organic, inorganic or metallic pigment.
  • This pigment should be homogeneously incorporated into the plastic powder, i.e., it can have been added to the monomer of the plastic prior to its polymerization, or it can have been mixed uniformly into a fused thermoplastic before the latter is processed into a powder.
  • the mixture of vehicle emulsion and insoluble plastic powder is diluted with desalted water to such an extent that the suspension has a content of solids of 8 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to by weight.
  • the ratio at which the plastic powder is mixed with the resin solution or dispersion is on the order of 1:3 to 1:6.
  • an organic solvent such as alcohol
  • Another feature of the invention is that wetting agents or emulsifiers can be added to the dispersion.
  • the process of the invention makes it possible within a certain voltage range to achieve a substantially perfect enamel coating, there being no need to fear any settling out of the pigment particles, even if naught but moderate agitation is used.
  • the consumed coating material can be replaced by the addition of fresh material, without any complications, because the concentrate can be very easily distributed into the bath liquid. Since the pigment particles and the fine plastic powder particles are well encased by the resins dissolved or dispersed in the water, a uniform migration of the components to the anode and a uniform depositing without separation of the components is achieved, thereby assuring substantial identity between the composition of the solid content of the bath liquid and the film that is produced.
  • the process of the invention produces coating thicknesses such as have not been able to be obtained hitherto.
  • the production of single coats has been achieved, which have uniform thicknesses of 50 to 100 microns, even at the corners and arrises of the workpiece.
  • the coatings are characterized by high adhesion, substantial freedom from porosity, and maximum resistance to solvents and chemicals. Since coatings produced by the process of the invention are finishes, they are particularly well suited for protection against corrosion and require no additional coating.
  • the production of light-color finishes has also been successful by the process of the invention.
  • the electrode voltage may be about 50 to 250 volts at a current density of about 15 to 65 amps. per square meter.
  • the operating temperature may be about 15 to 35 C.
  • EXAMPLE 1 30 parts by weight of finely powdered polyundecanamide containing 1 weight percent rutile type titanium dioxide as pigment, and having a grain size of 0.5 to 5 microns and a density of 1.04 g./cm. were carefully stirred in 100 parts by weight of a dispersion of 60 parts of a vinyl-modified water-soluble phenolic resin in 100 parts by weight of pure water, with the addition of 10 parts of methanol, and then another 600 parts of desalted water and 0.5 part of an emulsifier of the ethoxypolyglycol type are added.
  • an electrophoresis apparatus at a DC voltage of 80 volts and a current of 20 amp./m.
  • the coated specimen was rinsed repeatedly with water and given a final rinse with fully desalted water and dried with warm air to remove the adhering water droplets. The specimen was then heated for 10 minutes at 250 C. in a circulated-air drying oven.
  • the coating obtained had an everywhere uniform thickness of microns, even on the raised portions thereof, and was characterized by great adhesion and freedom from porosity, as well as good mechanical properties and outstanding resistance to chemicals.
  • EXAMPLE 2 40 parts of very finely powdered polyethylene that had been intimately mixed with 2 parts of red iron oxide as pigment and had a grain size of 0.5 to 1.0 micron and a density of 0.94 g./cm. were carefully stirred together with 120 parts of a 60 weight percent aqueous solution of vinyl-modified acrylic resin, and mixed with a mixture of 650 parts of fully desalted water and 50 parts of isopropanol. At volts DC, a bath temperature of 22 C. and a pH of 7.9 in the solution, a coating of plastic microns thick was deposited within 2 minutes on a phosphatized mild steel specimen plate whose surface was covered with a zinc phosphate coating approximately 2 microns thick. After rinsing and removal of the water by heated compressed air, the coating was heated for 15 minutes at C. in an oven.
  • the plastic coating obtained had an extraordinarily good adhesion and was characterized by outstanding corrosion resistance and low gas permeability.
  • EXAMPLE 3 50 parts of finely powdered polystyrene with a grain size of 1 to 3 microns, a softening point of 92 C., a density of 1.05 g./cm. and a k-value of about 80, were carefully suspended in 300 parts of a dispersion consisting of 40 parts of alkyd melamine resin in 100 parts of pure water, and another 900 parts of desalted water were added. Under the same circumstances as given in Example 2, a plastic coating was deposited on a cleaned copper sheet. After repeated rinsing, finally with fully desalted water, the specimen was heated for 10 minutes at 160 C.
  • the coating obtained was 90 microns thick at all points.
  • the coating was pore-free, showed very good water resistance, and had good electrical properties.
  • said electrolytic liquid phase being an aqueous phase containing liquid coating composition and a suspended, powdered, solid plastic material having a particle size of about 0.1 to 100 microns
  • said liquid coating composition is a thermosetting resin which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of phenolic, alkyd resins, melamine resins, epoxy resins, trimellitic acid resins and thermoset acrylic resins
  • said plastic powder is at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, cellulose esters, polyurethane, polyamides, polystyrenes, polyepoxide polyethers, halogenated polyolefins, copolymers of such materials and mixtures of such polymers, and wherein said plastic powder is present in a weight ratio of said liquid coating composition of about 1:3 to

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US581716A 1965-10-08 1966-09-26 Electrophoretic coating process in a medium containing a resin,plus powdered plastic material Expired - Lifetime US3476668A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM0066881 1965-10-08

Publications (1)

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US3476668A true US3476668A (en) 1969-11-04

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US581716A Expired - Lifetime US3476668A (en) 1965-10-08 1966-09-26 Electrophoretic coating process in a medium containing a resin,plus powdered plastic material

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3476668A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT282029B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH479717A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1571083A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1157974A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6613455A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3657092A (en) * 1968-08-20 1972-04-18 Albert Ag Chem Werke Process for electrodeposition
US3869366A (en) * 1971-10-06 1975-03-04 Shinto Paint Co Ltd Method for electrocoating
US3892646A (en) * 1970-08-17 1975-07-01 Ibm Process for selectively forming electrophoretic coatings on electrical contacts
US3960791A (en) * 1970-12-26 1976-06-01 Kansai Paint Company, Ltd. Powder coating composition for electrodeposition
US3970621A (en) * 1970-12-26 1976-07-20 Kansai Paint Company, Ltd. Powder coating composition for electrodeposition
EP0358221A3 (de) * 1988-09-09 1992-01-15 Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Herstellung von schlagfesten Überzügen sowie elektrisch abscheidbare wässrige Tauchlack-Überzugszusammensetzung
WO1994014901A1 (de) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-07 Basf Lacke + Farben Ag Elektrotauchlacke und verfahren zur beschichtung elektrisch leitfähiger substrate
EP1070749A3 (de) * 1999-07-23 2002-06-26 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Verwendung von Pulverlacken und Pulverlackabfällen in anodisch abscheidbaren Elektrotauchlacken
US20050286116A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2005-12-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic display device, method of manufacturing electrophoretic display device, and electronic system
US20150259571A1 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-09-17 Empire Technology Development Llc Lignin membranes and coatings
US10518226B2 (en) * 2011-05-16 2019-12-31 Dileep Agnihotri Membranes with polydopamine coatings

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4928656B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-03-19 1974-07-29
AU509166B2 (en) * 1975-11-04 1980-04-24 Toyo Kohan Co. Ltd. Composite coated steel sheet
DE2636797B2 (de) * 1976-08-16 1981-06-04 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Wäßriges Beschichtungs-, Imprägnierungs- und Verklebungsmittel
US4192728A (en) * 1978-09-12 1980-03-11 Taikisha Ltd. Method for supplying powder into a coating tank and its apparatus
US4518724A (en) * 1982-10-04 1985-05-21 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Aqueous coating composition
DE3339212A1 (de) * 1982-12-08 1984-06-14 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd., Osaka Waessrige beschichtungsmasse
AU590960B2 (en) * 1986-09-04 1989-11-23 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Electrodeposition coating composition
DE3940782A1 (de) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-13 Herberts Gmbh Waessriges ueberzugsmittel fuer die elektrotauchlackierung und seine verwendung bei der herstellung von mehrschichtlackierungen

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2851408A (en) * 1954-10-01 1958-09-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of electrophoretic deposition of luminescent materials and product resulting therefrom
US2858256A (en) * 1953-10-26 1958-10-28 Vitro Corp Of America Electrophoretic method of making an abrasive article and article made thereby
US2894888A (en) * 1956-09-07 1959-07-14 Vitro Corp Of America Electrophoretic coatings and compositions
US2904418A (en) * 1955-02-25 1959-09-15 Vibro Corp Of America Method of making a grinding tool
US2913385A (en) * 1958-05-28 1959-11-17 Vitro Corp Of America Method of coating
US2936218A (en) * 1957-10-23 1960-05-10 Mcneill William Reconstituted synthetic mica and its process of making
US3100186A (en) * 1960-06-24 1963-08-06 Mcneill William Method of making lamellar sheets of fluorphlogopite mica
US3159558A (en) * 1960-08-26 1964-12-01 American Bitumuls & Asphalt Co Process for electro-deposition of bituminous materials
US3230162A (en) * 1963-08-14 1966-01-18 Ford Motor Co Electropainting process and paint binder concentrate composition therefor

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2858256A (en) * 1953-10-26 1958-10-28 Vitro Corp Of America Electrophoretic method of making an abrasive article and article made thereby
US2851408A (en) * 1954-10-01 1958-09-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of electrophoretic deposition of luminescent materials and product resulting therefrom
US2904418A (en) * 1955-02-25 1959-09-15 Vibro Corp Of America Method of making a grinding tool
US2894888A (en) * 1956-09-07 1959-07-14 Vitro Corp Of America Electrophoretic coatings and compositions
US2936218A (en) * 1957-10-23 1960-05-10 Mcneill William Reconstituted synthetic mica and its process of making
US2913385A (en) * 1958-05-28 1959-11-17 Vitro Corp Of America Method of coating
US3100186A (en) * 1960-06-24 1963-08-06 Mcneill William Method of making lamellar sheets of fluorphlogopite mica
US3159558A (en) * 1960-08-26 1964-12-01 American Bitumuls & Asphalt Co Process for electro-deposition of bituminous materials
US3230162A (en) * 1963-08-14 1966-01-18 Ford Motor Co Electropainting process and paint binder concentrate composition therefor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3657092A (en) * 1968-08-20 1972-04-18 Albert Ag Chem Werke Process for electrodeposition
US3892646A (en) * 1970-08-17 1975-07-01 Ibm Process for selectively forming electrophoretic coatings on electrical contacts
US3960791A (en) * 1970-12-26 1976-06-01 Kansai Paint Company, Ltd. Powder coating composition for electrodeposition
US3970621A (en) * 1970-12-26 1976-07-20 Kansai Paint Company, Ltd. Powder coating composition for electrodeposition
US3869366A (en) * 1971-10-06 1975-03-04 Shinto Paint Co Ltd Method for electrocoating
EP0358221A3 (de) * 1988-09-09 1992-01-15 Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Herstellung von schlagfesten Überzügen sowie elektrisch abscheidbare wässrige Tauchlack-Überzugszusammensetzung
WO1994014901A1 (de) * 1992-12-24 1994-07-07 Basf Lacke + Farben Ag Elektrotauchlacke und verfahren zur beschichtung elektrisch leitfähiger substrate
US5980715A (en) * 1992-12-24 1999-11-09 Basf Lacke + Farben Ag Electrodeposition coating materials and a process for coating electronically conductive substrates
EP1070749A3 (de) * 1999-07-23 2002-06-26 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Verwendung von Pulverlacken und Pulverlackabfällen in anodisch abscheidbaren Elektrotauchlacken
US20050286116A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2005-12-29 Seiko Epson Corporation Electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic display device, method of manufacturing electrophoretic display device, and electronic system
US7050218B2 (en) * 2003-06-24 2006-05-23 Seiko Epson Corporation Electrophoretic dispersion, electrophoretic display device, method of manufacturing electrophoretic display device, and electronic system
US10518226B2 (en) * 2011-05-16 2019-12-31 Dileep Agnihotri Membranes with polydopamine coatings
US20150259571A1 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-09-17 Empire Technology Development Llc Lignin membranes and coatings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH479717A (de) 1969-10-15
AT282029B (de) 1970-06-10
GB1157974A (en) 1969-07-09
NL6613455A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-04-10
DE1571083A1 (de) 1970-12-17

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