US3471139A - Melting crucible having expandable top - Google Patents

Melting crucible having expandable top Download PDF

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Publication number
US3471139A
US3471139A US624913A US3471139DA US3471139A US 3471139 A US3471139 A US 3471139A US 624913 A US624913 A US 624913A US 3471139D A US3471139D A US 3471139DA US 3471139 A US3471139 A US 3471139A
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United States
Prior art keywords
crucible
melting crucible
furnace
parts
melting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US624913A
Inventor
Walter Fadler
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Wiener Schwachstromwerke GmbH
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Wiener Schwachstromwerke GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/12—Working chambers or casings; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B14/12—Covers therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0825—Crucible or pot support

Definitions

  • Melting crucibles of electric furnaces are made from a ramming compound consisting of quartzite.
  • the thermal stresses which result in the operation of such furnaces cause a progressive transformation of the grain structure of the quartzite so that the crucible grows steadily in size.
  • Conventional crucibles are designed so that they expand in a vertical direction so that a gap is formed at the top end of the crucible between the crucible and the frame of the furnace.
  • Such a gap is undesirable, particularly, at the pouring lip and the slag spout because the molten material enters the gaps between the melting crucible and the frame during the pouring operation and during removal of the slag from the bath surface to result in undesirable contamination of the furnace top portion.
  • the amount of expansion of the melting crucible relative to the frame varies with the height of the melting crucible and may be anywhere from 20 to 70 mm. depending on the size of the furnace.
  • a melting crucible furnace construction for a crucible having a pouring lip and a slag spout wherein the top portion, including the cover, is secured to the bottom portion by means which permit relative expansion of these two parts but which also ensures a tight fit of the top portion relative to the bottom portion.
  • the construction is such that no gaps will apppear between the melting crucible frame parts as a result of an expansion of the melting crucible.
  • the frame surrounding the melting crucible advantageously comprises a lower part which is secured to a top part or cover ele- "ice ment by a resilient connection which permits relative expansion of these two parts without disturbing the tight enclosure of the upper portion of the melting crucible.
  • the connection includes a bolt member which slides in an eyelet and is resiliently biased in order to maintain the two parts in close engagement.
  • an object of the invention to provide an improved furnace construction which includes a crucible made of a material which has a tendency to expand such as quartzite and which includes a lower frame part and a top frame part or cover which is connected to the lower frame part in a manner ensuring the tight sealing therewith but permitting relative expansion of the two parts.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a furnace construction which includes a crucible having a pouring spout and a slag spout mounted in a frame structure which includes a top cover part which is resiliently connected to a bottom part in a manner such that the cover tightly engages with the bottom part but is permitted to move relatively thereto to accommodate for any expansion of these parts or the crucible.
  • FIG. 1 is a section taken on the line II of FIG. 3 of a melting crucible constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on the line II]I of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view with a portion thereof indicating the top part removed.
  • the invention as embodied therein comprises a metallurgical induction furnace including a melting crucible generally designated 1 which is made of a material such as quartzite which will expand when subjected to thermal stress under the conditions of furnace operation.
  • the melting crucible 1 is provided with a pouring lip 2 at one end and a slag trough 3 at its opposite end.
  • the crucible is arranged so that it might be pivoted about an axis 4 during the pouring operation and about an axis 5 for removing a slag.
  • various stationary parts of the furnace are not shown.
  • the melting crucible 1 is carried by a frame having a lower part or parts generally designated 6 and an upper part or parts generally designated 10 which is relatively movable in respect to the lower part 6. As indicated in FIG. 1, during the operation of the furnace, the crucible 1 is likely to expand to the dotted line position indicated in FIG. 1. In order to avoid an occurrence of gaps between the melting crucible and the surrounding frame which includes the upper part 10 and the lower part 6, the upper part 10 is connected to the lower part through means biasing these two parts together but permitting the expansible movement of the part 10 relative to the lower part 6.
  • the upper part generally designated 10 includes two semi-annular cover members 10a, 10a, which carry arcuate depending flange portions 10b providing a chamber for refractory or brick material 11.
  • Each depending flange 101 carries one or more projecting flanges or brackets 20 which carry headed bolt member 13 which extend through openings therein and through a guiding eyelet 22 carried on the lower part 6.
  • the bolt member 13 includes a flanged lower portion 13a and a compression spring 15 which is confined between the flange portion 13a and the eyelet 22 and biases the bolt member 13 together with the flange b and the cover 10a downwardly to ensure a tight enclosing of the crucible around the pouring lip and slag trough.
  • connection of the upper part 10 or lower part 6 is such that expansion or upward movement of the upper parts in respect to the lower parts may be easily accomplished.
  • the entire top part 10 Upon expansion of the melting crucible 1, the entire top part 10 is upwardly displaced. Because of the springs 15, the top part also follows any contraction movement of the melting crucible 1 when the crucible is cooling.
  • the guide means which include the bolts 13 and the eyelets 22 prevent any slipping of the top brickwork 11 toward the lip during tilting movement of the crucible and ensure a tight seal around the crucible so that there will be no contamination of the parts around the pouring lip and slag trough.
  • An induction furnace comprising a melting crucible of a material which is likely to expand and a framework surrounding said crucible including a lower portion and 4 7' 1 Y a Y a top portion, means interconnecting said lower portion and saidtop portion urging said top portion into sealing engagement over said lower portion and said crucible but permitting expansible movement of said top portion relative to said lower portion including guiding eyelet means on one of said upper and lower portions and a bolt slidable in said eyelet carried by the other of said portions and spring means biasing said bolt in a direction to cause said upper portion to be urged into sealing engagement with said lower portion, having an outwardly extending pouring lip onone side of saidcrucible, and a slag trough extending outwardly at a substantially diametrically opposite location on the opposite side of said crucible.
  • top part includes cover portions on each side of said slag trough and said pouring lip, each of said cover portions having an annular depending flange portion surrounding said crucible, and brickwork disposed between said flange portion and said crucible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Description

7, 1969 w. FI'VADLER v haul-1216080615112 HAVING axPAupAsLE TOP I Filed Marc 21, 1967 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I F 16.2 ,0 10 I 2010b 1/ I00 4/ /00 1/ 01 20 15 Z :8; E I I 1 3 a; 22 4 -1 5; 2 22 15 I 1;; fr; I30 1 :3: re
INVENTOR WILT'ER FMJLER Amt 1969 w. FADLER 3,471,139
MEL-TING CRUCIBLE HAVI'NG'EXPANDABLE TOP Filed March 21, 19s? 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR VRLTER FHDL ER 5 ATTORNEYS United States Patent I 3,471,139 MELTING CRUCIBLE HAVING EXPANDABLE TOP Walter Fadler, Vienna, Austria, a'ssignor to Wiener Schwachstromwerke Gesellschaft m.b.H., Vienna,
Austria Filed Mar. 21, 1967, Ser. No. 624,913 Claims priority, application Austria, Apr. 1, 1966,
Int. Cl. F27b 14/06 U.S. Cl. 226-39 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The construction of an electric furnace having a crucible which expands under heat stress is disclosed in respect to a single embodiment. The melting crucible includes a pouring lip atone side and a slag trough at an opposite side and it is carried by a furnace frame which includes an upper part' or a cover which seals the" lower part-and which is connected to a lower part BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates, in general, to the construction of metallurgical furnaces and, in particular, to the construction of a melting crucible for an electric furnace which includes a top cover part which is movable in respect to a lower frame part of the furnace.
Melting crucibles of electric furnaces are made from a ramming compound consisting of quartzite. The thermal stresses which result in the operation of such furnaces cause a progressive transformation of the grain structure of the quartzite so that the crucible grows steadily in size. Conventional crucibles are designed so that they expand in a vertical direction so that a gap is formed at the top end of the crucible between the crucible and the frame of the furnace. Such a gap is undesirable, particularly, at the pouring lip and the slag spout because the molten material enters the gaps between the melting crucible and the frame during the pouring operation and during removal of the slag from the bath surface to result in undesirable contamination of the furnace top portion. The amount of expansion of the melting crucible relative to the frame varies with the height of the melting crucible and may be anywhere from 20 to 70 mm. depending on the size of the furnace.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a melting crucible furnace construction for a crucible having a pouring lip and a slag spout wherein the top portion, including the cover, is secured to the bottom portion by means which permit relative expansion of these two parts but which also ensures a tight fit of the top portion relative to the bottom portion. The construction is such that no gaps will apppear between the melting crucible frame parts as a result of an expansion of the melting crucible.
In the preferred form of the invention, the frame surrounding the melting crucible advantageously comprises a lower part which is secured to a top part or cover ele- "ice ment by a resilient connection which permits relative expansion of these two parts without disturbing the tight enclosure of the upper portion of the melting crucible. The connection includes a bolt member which slides in an eyelet and is resiliently biased in order to maintain the two parts in close engagement.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved furnace construction which includes a crucible made of a material which has a tendency to expand such as quartzite and which includes a lower frame part and a top frame part or cover which is connected to the lower frame part in a manner ensuring the tight sealing therewith but permitting relative expansion of the two parts.
A further object of the invention is to provide a furnace construction which includes a crucible having a pouring spout and a slag spout mounted in a frame structure which includes a top cover part which is resiliently connected to a bottom part in a manner such that the cover tightly engages with the bottom part but is permitted to move relatively thereto to accommodate for any expansion of these parts or the crucible.
The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a section taken on the line II of FIG. 3 of a melting crucible constructed in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a section taken on the line II]I of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a top plan view with a portion thereof indicating the top part removed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring to the drawings, in particular the invention as embodied therein comprises a metallurgical induction furnace including a melting crucible generally designated 1 which is made of a material such as quartzite which will expand when subjected to thermal stress under the conditions of furnace operation. The melting crucible 1 is provided with a pouring lip 2 at one end and a slag trough 3 at its opposite end. The crucible is arranged so that it might be pivoted about an axis 4 during the pouring operation and about an axis 5 for removing a slag. For clarity of illustration purposes various stationary parts of the furnace are not shown.
In accordance with the invention, the melting crucible 1 is carried by a frame having a lower part or parts generally designated 6 and an upper part or parts generally designated 10 which is relatively movable in respect to the lower part 6. As indicated in FIG. 1, during the operation of the furnace, the crucible 1 is likely to expand to the dotted line position indicated in FIG. 1. In order to avoid an occurrence of gaps between the melting crucible and the surrounding frame which includes the upper part 10 and the lower part 6, the upper part 10 is connected to the lower part through means biasing these two parts together but permitting the expansible movement of the part 10 relative to the lower part 6.
As shown in the drawings, the upper part generally designated 10 includes two semi-annular cover members 10a, 10a, which carry arcuate depending flange portions 10b providing a chamber for refractory or brick material 11. 'Each depending flange 101) carries one or more projecting flanges or brackets 20 which carry headed bolt member 13 which extend through openings therein and through a guiding eyelet 22 carried on the lower part 6. The bolt member 13 includes a flanged lower portion 13a and a compression spring 15 which is confined between the flange portion 13a and the eyelet 22 and biases the bolt member 13 together with the flange b and the cover 10a downwardly to ensure a tight enclosing of the crucible around the pouring lip and slag trough.
The connection of the upper part 10 or lower part 6 is such that expansion or upward movement of the upper parts in respect to the lower parts may be easily accomplished. Upon expansion of the melting crucible 1, the entire top part 10 is upwardly displaced. Because of the springs 15, the top part also follows any contraction movement of the melting crucible 1 when the crucible is cooling. The guide means which include the bolts 13 and the eyelets 22 prevent any slipping of the top brickwork 11 toward the lip during tilting movement of the crucible and ensure a tight seal around the crucible so that there will be no contamination of the parts around the pouring lip and slag trough.
While a specific embodiment of the invention has been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the inventive principles, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.
What is claimed is:
1. An induction furnace comprising a melting crucible of a material which is likely to expand and a framework surrounding said crucible including a lower portion and 4 7' 1 Y a Y a top portion, means interconnecting said lower portion and saidtop portion urging said top portion into sealing engagement over said lower portion and said crucible but permitting expansible movement of said top portion relative to said lower portion including guiding eyelet means on one of said upper and lower portions and a bolt slidable in said eyelet carried by the other of said portions and spring means biasing said bolt in a direction to cause said upper portion to be urged into sealing engagement with said lower portion, having an outwardly extending pouring lip onone side of saidcrucible, and a slag trough extending outwardly at a substantially diametrically opposite location on the opposite side of said crucible. r V
' 2.An induction furnace according to claiml wherein said top part includes cover portions on each side of said slag trough and said pouring lip, each of said cover portions having an annular depending flange portion surrounding said crucible, and brickwork disposed between said flange portion and said crucible. w-
I References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,612,916
1/1927 GOr'tOIl 26639 1,861,946 6/1932 Wilhelmi 266-39 3,311,361 3/1967 Zepernick 26639 X
US624913A 1966-04-01 1967-03-21 Melting crucible having expandable top Expired - Lifetime US3471139A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT308466A AT282220B (en) 1966-04-01 1966-04-01 Induction crucible furnace

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US3471139A true US3471139A (en) 1969-10-07

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US (1) US3471139A (en)
AT (1) AT282220B (en)
BE (1) BE696229A (en)
CH (1) CH453591A (en)
DE (1) DE1558087B2 (en)
FR (1) FR1514609A (en)
GB (1) GB1174793A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BG26139A1 (en) * 1978-02-27 1979-12-12 Nikolov Induction crucible furnace
CN112179133B (en) * 2020-09-07 2022-06-14 宁国市宏达电炉有限公司 Split type induction heating furnace
JP2022108601A (en) * 2021-01-13 2022-07-26 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Forming and processing method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1612916A (en) * 1925-04-09 1927-01-04 Western Electric Co Ceramic articles and method of producing them
US1861946A (en) * 1929-07-11 1932-06-07 Wilhelmi Alfred Carrier for slag pans and the like
US3311361A (en) * 1964-03-11 1967-03-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Induction furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1612916A (en) * 1925-04-09 1927-01-04 Western Electric Co Ceramic articles and method of producing them
US1861946A (en) * 1929-07-11 1932-06-07 Wilhelmi Alfred Carrier for slag pans and the like
US3311361A (en) * 1964-03-11 1967-03-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Induction furnace

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DE1558087B2 (en) 1974-05-09
BE696229A (en) 1967-09-01
CH453591A (en) 1968-06-14
FR1514609A (en) 1968-02-23
GB1174793A (en) 1969-12-17
DE1558087A1 (en) 1970-03-19
AT282220B (en) 1970-06-25

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