US3461866A - Manually operated artificial respirator - Google Patents

Manually operated artificial respirator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3461866A
US3461866A US524006A US3461866DA US3461866A US 3461866 A US3461866 A US 3461866A US 524006 A US524006 A US 524006A US 3461866D A US3461866D A US 3461866DA US 3461866 A US3461866 A US 3461866A
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
facepiece
cylinder
handle
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US524006A
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English (en)
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David Ritchie
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0072—Tidal volume piston pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M16/0009—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with sub-atmospheric pressure, e.g. during expiration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/106—Filters in a path
    • A61M16/107—Filters in a path in the inspiratory path

Definitions

  • This invention relates to artificial respiration apparatus such as may be used, for example, to resuscitate a cas ualty of any age with chest injuries, or after drowning and has for its principal object to provide a simple, safe and relatively inexpensive portable apparatus for this purpose, obviating mouth to mouth insufiiation which has its obvious dangers, such as the transmission of disease, poisoning or gas poisoning.
  • artificial respiration apparatus comprising a pair of pumping elements capable of simultaneous reciprocable operation by a handle and separate connections from the interior of each of the pumping elements to a single facepiece, wherein one pumping element is operable on one stroke of the handleto induce inhalation and the other pumping element is operable on the other stroke of the handle to induce exhalation, unidirectional valves being associated with each of the pumping elements of which the valve associated with the exhaling pumping element is adapted to open on the inhaling stroke of the handle when the pressure of air in the connections and facepiece exceeds a predetermined value to exhaust some of the air and thereby prevent excessive pressure in said connections and facepiece, whilst the valve associated with the inhaling pumping element is adapted to open on the exhaling stroke of the handle when the negative pressureof the air in the connections and facepiece exceeds a predetermined value to allow air to pass into the connections and facepiece and thereby prevent excessive negative pressure in said connections and facepiece.
  • the pumping elemenis include a pair of cylinders mounted side by side in a casing, each cylinder containing a piston on a piston rod and the two pistons being connected to the handle, each of the unidirectional valves being interposed between the respective cylinders and the facepiece and a second pair of oppositly directed non-return valves being pro-: vided in the respective pistons.
  • the valves do not contain springs or other similar devices but are controlled entirely by pressures developed in the apparatus and ensure a unidirectional flow of air at all times.
  • air is moved from the inhaling cylinder through the appropriate valve and via the facepiece into a casualtys lungs.
  • the excess air will be blown off into the atmosphere via the exhaling cylinder.
  • the apparatus aids the expiration normally produced by the elasticity of the casualtys own lungs expelling the air, and on the upstroke, or expiratory stroke of the handle, air is gently withdrawn from the lungs and expelled to the atmosphere via the exhaling cylinder. Over deflation of the lungs cannot be produced for should the volume of the expired air be less than the volume of air the apparatus expels on the expiratory stroke, air from the atmosphere will be drawn into the exhaling cylinder via the inhaling cylinder and connections.
  • whistles may be provided to indicateexcess positive or negative pressure respectively in the apparatus on the inhaling and exhaling strokes of the pumping elements.
  • the whistles give an audible indication of the air flow.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus in a closed position for carrying
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the apparatus in an open condition for use (but with some components omitted for clarity),
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional elevation of the apparatus
  • FIG. 4 is aplan view of part of the bottom of the apparatus
  • the apparatus may be carried either by a fixed handle 7 or by a pumping handle 8 when the latter is in the position shown in FIG.. 1.
  • the handle is retained in this position by bayonet-type clips comprising slotted rotatable collars 9 and 1t ⁇ loosely attached to the casing portion 1 and which co-operate with pins 11 and 12 attached to the heads of piston rods 13 and 14 fixed to the handle 8.
  • the slots in the collars 9 and v10 each consist of a vertical portion which the appropriate pin can enter and a horizontal portion in which the pin is retained when the collar is rotated.
  • FIG. 3 it will be seen that the collars 9 and 10 are carried on bushings 15 and 16 relative to which the collars are free to rotate and to move upwards by a limited amount.
  • the collars 9 and 10 are raised and then turned to trap the pins in their respective slots.
  • the two casing portions 1 and 2 are separated as shown in FIG. 2 and the handle 8 released by partially rotating the collars 9 and 10 and allowing them .to drop to the positions shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the casing portion 1 is provided with a hinged plate 17 (FIG. 1) which can be released by rotating a clip 18. This .plate then serves as a kneeling pad for an operator while using the handle 8.
  • the casing portion 2 when placed in the position shown in FIG. 2 can be used to support the shoulders of a casualty, his neck'being supported by a ne ck rest 19.
  • the piston rods 13 and 14 are connected to the inhale and exhale pumping elements Comprising pistons 21' and 22 movable in respective cylinders 23 and 24.
  • the pistons 21 and 22 include respective non-return valves, the valve in piston 21 being arranged to open as the piston rises and the valve in piston 22 being arranged'to open as the piston descends.
  • the peripheral portion of the disc is made larger than the piston and is turned over to form a sealing skirt 20.
  • the oppositely-directed valve in piston 22 is similarly constructed.
  • the casings defining the chambers 29 and 30 are bolted to the base members of their associated cylinders and are bolted to the bottom portion of the casing portion 1 by the means shown in FIG. 8.
  • This means comprises a number of studs such as 31 which are swaged into the wall of chamber 29 and are threaded to receive a bolt 32 whose head is accommodated in a countersink in the bottom of the casing portion 1.
  • the chambers 29 and 30 are isolated from each other and each is provided with a respective tubulation 33 and 34.
  • FIG. 2 To these tubulations can be attached respective rubber tubes 35 and 36 of which one end is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the other ends of these tubes are attached to a union 37 (FIG. 7) having two terminations to receive the tubes and an inlet leading to a facepiece 38. It will be observed that the plane of the tube terminations is different from that of the inlet to the facepiece.
  • the union is also fitted with an audible warning device such as a whistle 39 and similar warning devices 40 and 41 are fitted to the chambers 29 and 30 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the facepiece 38 can be held over the casualtys nose and mouth by means of a headstrap (not shown) and the tubes, facepiece and headstrap can all be accommodated in the casing portion 2 in the closed condition of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
  • the air pressure in the tubes 35, 36, facepiece 38 and the casualtys lungs would tend to increase if the handle were depressed further.
  • This excessive pressure must be prevented in order to safeguard the casualtys lungs and this is where the valve valve 28 and permits the air to pass into the exhale cylinder 24 and thence through the open valve in piston 22 to exhaust to atmosphere.
  • some of the air passes out through the-whistles 39 and 41 which act as pressure relief valves and as audible indicating devices to inform the operator of the apparatus that the casualtys lungs "are full of air. In this way, excessive pressure on and thus possible damage to the casualtys lungs is prevented.
  • the air in the tubes 35, 36 and the facepiece 38 is at atmospheric pressure.
  • the valve in piston 21 0f the inhale cylinder opens to permit a new charge of fresh air to be drawn into the space below the piston which is initially sealed off from the facepiece by the closure of the associated air chamber valve 27.
  • air is gently drawn out of the casualtys lungs, by the exhale cylinder 24 through the tube 36 and the open valve 28 in the associated air chamber, the valve in the piston 22 being, of course, now shut.
  • the cylinder 24 may if desired be provided towards its upper end with a series of small axially-spaced apertures which are successively uncovered by the rising piston 22 so progressively reducing the degree of air extraction from the casualtys lungs. In this way the exhale cylinder aids the expiration produced by the elasticity of the casualtys own lungs expelling the air.
  • valve 27 and whistles 39 and 40 When the suction produced by the piston 22 in the exhale cylinder 24 exceeds a predetermined value, the valve 27 is opened by the force of the suction and permits air to pass into the tubes 35, 36 and facepiece 38. At the same time air passes through the whistles 39 and 40 which give an audible indication to the operator that the casualtys lungs have been exhausted. Thus, excessive suction and possible damage to the casualtys lungs is prevented. The air in the pipe connections and facepiece is again at atmospheric pressure at the end of the stroke.
  • the volume of air produced by each stroke of the apparatus can be modified by the operator if so desired. Whilst the maximum volume of air that can be presented to a casualtys lungs on each inspiratory stroke is limited by the size of the inhale cylinder, this is more than adequate for all adults and in the case of children can easily be reduced by shortening the length of the stroke. Thus, should the whistles sound when the handle is only half depressed adequate ventilation of the casualtys lungs can be produced by using only half the stroke length of the handle. However, in the event of an inexperienced operator not being aware of this, it is still perfectly safe to utilise the full stroke length of the handle because the excess air is simply blown off through the exhaling cylinder and whistles to the atmosphere.
  • the audible indicators 39, 40 and 41 will sound a warning if either tube 35 or 36 is blocked.
  • the exhale cylinder 24 may collect water without impeding normal operation.
  • the casing may also contain a manually operable extraction pump for clearing blockages in the throat of a casualty which impede respiration.
  • the apparatus Due to its design and working principles, the apparatus is light and easily carried. Moreover, it can be used while being. carried, the handle 7 facilitating the operation of the apparatus while walking.
  • the apparatus incorporates its own safety measures in that any excess pressure applied on the inhale stroke will by-pass the facepiece and pass through the union back to the exhale cylinder. The casualty can resume breathing at any time without being restricted by the continued operation of the apparatus.
  • Artificial respiration apparatus comprising a pair of pumping elements, each of said pumping elements comprising a cylinder containing a piston which is connected by a piston rod to a common handle for simultaneous rcciprocable operation, each cylinder having a one-way valve at one end and an opening at the other end thereof, a common facepiece, means connecting said one end of said cylinders to said facepiece, each of said pistons having a one-way valve comprising a flexible valve-closure element the diameter of which is greater than that of the associated piston and which is used .to form a sealing skirt around said piston, and one pumping element being operable on one stroke of said handle to induce inhalation in a person to whom the facepiece, is applied and the other pumping element being operable on the other stroke of said handle to induce exhalation in the person, said cylinder and piston valves being controlled solely by air pressure and arranged so that, upon operation of the handle to induce inhalation, the valve at the end of the first cylinder and the valve in the piston in the second
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which an audible warning indicator is associated with each pumping element which acts as a pressure relief valve after a predetermined respective positive or negative pressure has been reached in said connecting means and facepiece.
  • connecting means to the facepiece comprise a pair of flexible tubes joined to a rigid-"union, said union being fitted with an audible warning indicator which acts -as a pressure relief valve when excessive positive or negative pressures exist in said tubes and facepiece, said indicator operating if one or the othep of said tubes is blocked.
  • said casing comprises two portions which can be separated for use and locked together for transportation, one portion of said casing being adapted to accommodate the cylinders, connecting means and facepiece and the other portion of 'said casing being provided with a neck restand being adapted to support the shoulders of a person to whom the facepiece is applied when separated from said one portion of the casing.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
US524006A 1966-01-28 1966-02-01 Manually operated artificial respirator Expired - Lifetime US3461866A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3908/66A GB1157331A (en) 1966-01-28 1966-01-28 Improved aid to Artificial respiration

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3461866A true US3461866A (en) 1969-08-19

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US524006A Expired - Lifetime US3461866A (en) 1966-01-28 1966-02-01 Manually operated artificial respirator

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3461866A (bg)
BE (1) BE676072A (bg)
CH (1) CH443571A (bg)
DE (1) DE1491807A1 (bg)
FR (1) FR1469385A (bg)
GB (1) GB1157331A (bg)
NL (2) NL6601581A (bg)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4472082A (en) * 1980-09-17 1984-09-18 Kroeling Peter Diving device
US4493614A (en) * 1982-10-08 1985-01-15 Lifecare Services, Inc. Pump for a portable ventilator
US5009226A (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-04-23 Holt William T Mechanical resuscitator
US5211171A (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-05-18 Robert Choromokos Portable lung purger and ventilator system
US5609149A (en) * 1995-10-04 1997-03-11 Takach; Stephen J. Anti-choke device
WO1997011733A1 (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-04-03 Richard Melker Universal ventilation device
US6283121B1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2001-09-04 Fukutomi Healthscience & Service Co. Manual pump and Ambu bag
US6988499B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2006-01-24 Newair Manufacturing, Llc Mechanical resuscitator
US20060272644A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Halpern Ian L Manual ventilation or resuscitation device
US20070169780A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2007-07-26 Ian Halpern Volume-adjustable manual ventilation device
US8235043B2 (en) 2007-12-06 2012-08-07 Artivent Corporation Volume adjustable manual ventilation device
CN112472928A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-12 黄国楚 一种基于运动生物力学的呼吸道雾化治疗装置及方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3026501A1 (de) * 1980-07-12 1982-02-04 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Polysiloxan-emulsionen mit verbesserter kaeltestabilitaet
FR2607395B1 (fr) * 1986-12-02 1991-05-03 Coudert Anne Marie Dispositif pour la reanimation de noyes par inspiration de liquide et insufflation d'air simultanees
FR2616073B2 (fr) * 1986-12-02 1991-08-30 Coudert Anne Marie Dispositif pour la reanimation de noyes par aspiration de liquide et insufflation d'air simultanees
NZ233225A (en) * 1990-04-05 1994-07-26 Norma Doris Mcculloch Manually operable resuscitator - telescopic pneumatic pump and face mask
US8881723B2 (en) 2002-10-16 2014-11-11 Resmed Limited Breathable gas supply apparatus

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US859778A (en) * 1906-10-11 1907-07-09 Harriet Louise Ostrander Machine for inducing artificial respiration.
US1157655A (en) * 1913-04-16 1915-10-19 Life Saving Devices Company Resuscitating appliance.
US1202126A (en) * 1915-04-14 1916-10-24 Respiratory Apparatus Company Apparatus for producing artificial respiration.
US1266624A (en) * 1917-04-28 1918-05-21 Hubert H Ramsay Respirator.
US1371702A (en) * 1919-01-11 1921-03-15 Edward H Lyon Respirating device
US1406141A (en) * 1921-03-05 1922-02-07 Anston George Respiratory apparatus
US2063043A (en) * 1933-11-06 1936-12-08 Martha F Mckesson Respiration method and apparatus
US2427419A (en) * 1945-06-30 1947-09-16 Mechanical Resuscitator Inc Resuscitating apparatus
US3105488A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-10-01 Albert M Richards Respiratory devices
US3216413A (en) * 1961-10-24 1965-11-09 Mota Juan Andres Arecheta Portable artificial respirator
GB1030404A (en) * 1962-10-16 1966-05-25 David Ritchie Improved aid to artificial respiration

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US859778A (en) * 1906-10-11 1907-07-09 Harriet Louise Ostrander Machine for inducing artificial respiration.
US1157655A (en) * 1913-04-16 1915-10-19 Life Saving Devices Company Resuscitating appliance.
US1202126A (en) * 1915-04-14 1916-10-24 Respiratory Apparatus Company Apparatus for producing artificial respiration.
US1266624A (en) * 1917-04-28 1918-05-21 Hubert H Ramsay Respirator.
US1371702A (en) * 1919-01-11 1921-03-15 Edward H Lyon Respirating device
US1406141A (en) * 1921-03-05 1922-02-07 Anston George Respiratory apparatus
US2063043A (en) * 1933-11-06 1936-12-08 Martha F Mckesson Respiration method and apparatus
US2427419A (en) * 1945-06-30 1947-09-16 Mechanical Resuscitator Inc Resuscitating apparatus
US3105488A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-10-01 Albert M Richards Respiratory devices
US3216413A (en) * 1961-10-24 1965-11-09 Mota Juan Andres Arecheta Portable artificial respirator
GB1030404A (en) * 1962-10-16 1966-05-25 David Ritchie Improved aid to artificial respiration

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4472082A (en) * 1980-09-17 1984-09-18 Kroeling Peter Diving device
US4493614A (en) * 1982-10-08 1985-01-15 Lifecare Services, Inc. Pump for a portable ventilator
US5009226A (en) * 1990-05-14 1991-04-23 Holt William T Mechanical resuscitator
US5211171A (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-05-18 Robert Choromokos Portable lung purger and ventilator system
WO1997011733A1 (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-04-03 Richard Melker Universal ventilation device
US5628305A (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-05-13 Richard J. Melker Universal ventilation device
US5609149A (en) * 1995-10-04 1997-03-11 Takach; Stephen J. Anti-choke device
US6283121B1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2001-09-04 Fukutomi Healthscience & Service Co. Manual pump and Ambu bag
US6988499B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2006-01-24 Newair Manufacturing, Llc Mechanical resuscitator
US20060272644A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2006-12-07 Halpern Ian L Manual ventilation or resuscitation device
WO2006133236A3 (en) * 2005-06-06 2007-04-05 Artivent Corp Manual ventilation or resuscitation device
US20070169780A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2007-07-26 Ian Halpern Volume-adjustable manual ventilation device
US7537008B2 (en) 2005-06-06 2009-05-26 Artivent Medical Corporation Manual ventilation or resuscitation device
US20090241959A1 (en) * 2005-06-06 2009-10-01 Artivent Corporation Manual ventliation or resuscitation device
US7658188B2 (en) 2005-06-06 2010-02-09 Artivent Corporation Volume-adjustable manual ventilation device
US10682479B2 (en) 2005-06-06 2020-06-16 Artivent Corporation Volume-adjustable manual ventilation device
US8235043B2 (en) 2007-12-06 2012-08-07 Artivent Corporation Volume adjustable manual ventilation device
CN112472928A (zh) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-12 黄国楚 一种基于运动生物力学的呼吸道雾化治疗装置及方法
CN112472928B (zh) * 2020-12-09 2022-07-08 亳州市人民医院 一种基于运动生物力学的呼吸道雾化治疗装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1157331A (en) 1969-07-09
NL131095C (bg)
BE676072A (bg) 1966-06-16
DE1491807A1 (de) 1970-04-16
FR1469385A (fr) 1967-02-10
NL6601581A (bg) 1967-08-09
CH443571A (de) 1967-09-15

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