US3459129A - Smoke ammunition containing liquid smoke producer and an absorption active powder - Google Patents

Smoke ammunition containing liquid smoke producer and an absorption active powder Download PDF

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Publication number
US3459129A
US3459129A US651114A US3459129DA US3459129A US 3459129 A US3459129 A US 3459129A US 651114 A US651114 A US 651114A US 3459129D A US3459129D A US 3459129DA US 3459129 A US3459129 A US 3459129A
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United States
Prior art keywords
smoke
producer
powder
containing liquid
active powder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US651114A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rune V Akhagen
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Foersvarets Fabriksverk
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Foersvarets Fabriksverk
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Publication of US3459129A publication Critical patent/US3459129A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)

Definitions

  • Smoke ammunition containing a smoke composition the main part of which is a liquid smoke producer, preferably titanium tetrachloride, -15 of weight of the composition consists of a well dried powder of synthetic calcium silicate, the pulverization degree of which corresponds to an adsorbing area of at least 50 m. g.
  • the smoke composition brings about a spreading of the smoke over a larger area and facilitates the use of liquid smoke producers in spin stabilized shells.
  • This kind of smoke is in the first place suitable for undertakings requiring a comparatively long duration and a screened area of great width.
  • the momentary smoke is characterized in this that the quantity of smoke is generated practically momentary, i.e., within a space of about one second.
  • the smoke develops substantially into a spherical cloud of smoke, which, depending on its inherent heat, prevailing air temperature, air humidity and wind velocity etc. is spreading, rising and laterally moving.
  • This kind of smoke is in the first place suitable for smoke-undertakings requiring a rapid screening-effect within a very limited area.
  • the momentary smoke-producers may be solids or liquids. Of the first-mentioned ones yellow phosphorous is considered to be most efiective but it has disadvantages because of its strongly exothermal reactions. This involves not only a considerable danger of fire but also a rapid rising of the generated cloud of smoke uncovering the target (so-called pillar-effect).
  • the present invention relates to ammunition having a liquid smoke producer, especially titanium tetrachloride for producing a momentary smoke covering and has for its purpose to bring about an improved spreading of the smoke covering while maintaining a required density of the same.
  • the smoke producer is mixed with a well dried powder of a synthetic calcium silicate or another material having corresponding adsorption qualities and the powder makes between 5 and 15 percentage by weight of this mixture, whereby the pulverization degree corresponds to an adsorption area of at least 50 mF/g.
  • the explanation of the spreading eflect otbained by intermixing an adsorption active powder with the smoke producer may be, that the reaction of the latter with the moisture of the air will be delayed, so that the particles of the smoke producer adsorbed on the powder grains will have time to spread over a larger area before they react with the air moisture.
  • a powder which is particularly suitable for this purpose consists of a synthetic calcium silicate, which by high grade pulverization has been given an adsorption area of more than 50 mfl/g.
  • a powder of this type which is industrially produced in qualities having an adsorption area of up to m. g. is on sale under the trade name of Micro Cel. The fact is that within certain bounds the more fine-grained the powder is the smaller quantity of it needs be intermixed for the delay elfect to be obtained, which implies that a larger quantity of smoke producer can be retained. Made experiments have proved that a smoke composition, consisting of 515% of powder and for the remainder of a liquid smoke producer, will give a utilizable improvement of the smoke covering eflect of the smoke producer.
  • the suggested intermixing of an extremely fine-grained adsorption active material with a liquid smoke producer is also a contribution to the solution of another problem, namely to be able to use a liquid smoke substance in spin stabilized shells without withdrawing it from its participation in the rotation of the shell, the consequence of which would be lack of balance, impairing the steering of the shell.
  • the viscosity of the smoke composition will be so high that the smoke composition will substantially participate in the rotary motion or can by simple means be made to do so.
  • Such a means consists of lists or corresponding members, which serving as carriers are arranged on the inside of and coaxially with the casing of the smoke composition. For the above mentioned reason it is important that the percentage of powder in the smoke composition is high in spin stabilized shells. For natural reasons, however, the quantity of smoke producer must not be too small.
  • a powder of calcium silicate with an adsorption area of 50150 mP/g. has proved to give favorable results regarding the balance of the projectile as well as the density and the extent of the smoke covering, if its proportion of the smoke composition is 10-15 percentage by weight.
  • the present invention is illustrated in the acompanying drawing which shows a longitudinal section of a smoke shell.
  • the shell comprises a shell body 1 having a container 2 housing a detonator 3.
  • the space between the shell body 1 and the container 2 is filled with a smoke composition 4 consisting of titanium tetrachloride and pulverized calcium silicate as described above.
  • Smoke ammunition for producing a momentary smoke generation with good density as Well as a broad spreading comprising, a hollow body containing a liquid smoke producer and a detonator for bursting the hollow body, characterized in that the smoke producer is mixed with a dry powder of synthetic calcium silicate and that said dry powder constitutes 5-15 percentage by weight of the mixture, whereby the pulverization degree corresponds to an adsorption area of at least 50 m. g. of said dry powder.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
US651114A 1966-07-13 1967-07-05 Smoke ammunition containing liquid smoke producer and an absorption active powder Expired - Lifetime US3459129A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9572/66A SE300773B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-07-13 1966-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3459129A true US3459129A (en) 1969-08-05

Family

ID=20276991

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US651114A Expired - Lifetime US3459129A (en) 1966-07-13 1967-07-05 Smoke ammunition containing liquid smoke producer and an absorption active powder

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3459129A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE700907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH468619A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK118644B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES342857A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1149982A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL159073B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO117527B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE300773B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995550A (en) * 1975-12-03 1976-12-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Apparatus for stabilizing a liquid filled artillery projectile
FR2573858A1 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1986-05-30 Lacroix E Tous Artifices Procede et dispositif de masquage par materiau fumigene d'une cible telle qu'un char
US5852256A (en) * 1979-03-16 1998-12-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Non-focusing active warhead
US7343861B1 (en) 2005-05-31 2008-03-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Device and method for producing an infrared emission at a given wavelength
CN114858010A (zh) * 2022-05-23 2022-08-05 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 一种提高烟幕分散效果的干扰弹装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3012405A1 (de) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-01 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG, 6719 Göllheim Kombinationsnebel
NO180216B1 (no) * 1994-11-11 1997-03-24 Forsvarets Forsknings Anordning ved roykgranat

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2115608A (en) * 1935-09-30 1938-04-26 Sageb Sa Projectile
US2175790A (en) * 1939-10-10 Smoke screen material and process
US3103888A (en) * 1962-03-22 1963-09-17 Rosenthal Henry Anti-pillaring smoke shell
DE1199660B (de) * 1963-04-05 1965-08-26 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Blindgeschoss

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2175790A (en) * 1939-10-10 Smoke screen material and process
US2115608A (en) * 1935-09-30 1938-04-26 Sageb Sa Projectile
US3103888A (en) * 1962-03-22 1963-09-17 Rosenthal Henry Anti-pillaring smoke shell
DE1199660B (de) * 1963-04-05 1965-08-26 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Blindgeschoss

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995550A (en) * 1975-12-03 1976-12-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Apparatus for stabilizing a liquid filled artillery projectile
US5852256A (en) * 1979-03-16 1998-12-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Non-focusing active warhead
FR2573858A1 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1986-05-30 Lacroix E Tous Artifices Procede et dispositif de masquage par materiau fumigene d'une cible telle qu'un char
US7343861B1 (en) 2005-05-31 2008-03-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Device and method for producing an infrared emission at a given wavelength
CN114858010A (zh) * 2022-05-23 2022-08-05 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 一种提高烟幕分散效果的干扰弹装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6709755A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-01-15
ES342857A1 (es) 1968-08-01
CH468619A (fr) 1969-02-15
NO117527B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-08-18
SE300773B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-05-06
BE700907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-12-18
DK118644B (da) 1970-09-14
NL159073B (nl) 1979-01-15
GB1149982A (en) 1969-04-23

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