US3457871A - Self-priming centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Self-priming centrifugal pump Download PDF

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Publication number
US3457871A
US3457871A US704736A US3457871DA US3457871A US 3457871 A US3457871 A US 3457871A US 704736 A US704736 A US 704736A US 3457871D A US3457871D A US 3457871DA US 3457871 A US3457871 A US 3457871A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
pump
channels
oil
self
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US704736A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Herger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri France SA filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri France SA
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Publication of US3457871A publication Critical patent/US3457871A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0427—Guidance of lubricant on rotary parts, e.g. using baffles for collecting lubricant by centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00—Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/02—Self-priming pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/30—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
    • F16N7/32—Mist lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/36—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with feed by pumping action of the member to be lubricated or of a shaft of the machine; Centrifugal lubrication
    • F16N7/363—Centrifugal lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/44—Centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N2210/00—Applications
    • F16N2210/02—Turbines

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a self-priming centrifugal pump, particularly for conveying lubricating oil, which is located above the level of the liquid that has to be conveyed and is mounted on the shaft of a high-speed turbomachine.
  • Such pumps for conveying liquids consist mainly of a hollow body which rotates in a casing, the liquid being supplied at least at one open end to the hollow body and then expelled again through channels. If the openings at the ends of the hollow body are restricted, then a ring of liquid builds up when the supply is adequate and the liquid which is thus under a pressure is discharged continuously through the channels. Centrifugal pumps of this kind can only overcome a suction head if they are filled with liquid. When for instance the pump has to be used for lubricating the bearing of a high-speed turbomachine, it would be feasible to arrange it on the shaft of the machine so that it can operate at the same speed as the latter.
  • the difficulty is, however, that the machine shaft is generally arranged above the level of the liquid that has to be conveyed. When the machine is at a standstill the liquid thus flows out of the pump and gas flows in from the surrounding air.
  • the pumping head of a centrifugal pump is proportional to the density of the medium to be conveyed and to the square of the peripheral speed.
  • the pump impeller instead of being filled with the liquid is for instance full of a gas which is 700 times lighter, the peripheral speed would have to be very high in order to overcome the suction head and to bring the liquid into the pump. Due to the high displacement work this would, however, not be suitable for a bearing lubrication for instance.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a centrifugal 3,457,871 Patented July 29, 1969 pump which, without the known auxiliary devices or special conditions, is self-priming and where the operational safety is not endangered by gases which collect inside the hollow body.
  • An additional pump impeller with vent channels which communicate with the atmosphere and the hollow chamber of the pump body in which an underpressure is produced during service;
  • a storage-edge by means of which under the influence of the centrifugal force a liquid ring is formed in the hollow chamber of the pump body from the liquid flowing out of the suction pipe;
  • Auxiliary channels in the pump body in communication with the atmosphere for discharging the liquid which rises above the storage edge.
  • FIG. 1 the hollow body 1 of a centrifugal pump is connected directly to the shaft 2 of a high-speed turbomachine which is supported by ball bearings 3 in a casing 4.
  • the pressure in the hollow chamber 5 is sulficiently below atmospheric pressure, the liquid that has to be conveyed is sucked through the suction pipe 7 into the hollow chamber where it is caused to rotate due to the frictional effect of the chamber wall, possibly supported by built-in radial blades (not shown). Due to the influence of the centrifugal force, a liquid ring 8 is formed from which the liquid is conveyed through channels 9 to the place where it is utilized.
  • the radial thickness of the oil ring 8 remains constant. This thickness can, as is known, be determined by means of a storage edge 10, but for this purpose more liquid must flow into the hollow body than can pass away through the channels 9. The liquid which flows over the storage edge is discharged through auxiliary channels 11, so that the level of the liquid ring always coincides with the height of the storage edge.
  • an additional pump impeller '12 having preferably radial vent channels 13 is provided, these channels being in communication with the hollow chamber 5 and the atmosphere.
  • This impeller acts as a radial blower and has to remove the gases which have collected in the hollow chamber so that the required lower pressure can be produced.
  • the inlet openings of channels 13 are therefore generally located in the vicinity of the axis of rotation.
  • the pump commences to convey the liquid through channels 7 and possibly also through auxiliary channels 11 and now only the gas has to be conveyed away that has entered the hollow chamber 5 by way of unavoidable leaks or with the liquid.
  • any expedient sealing device even a small air gap, can be provided with a vertical shaft it would also be possible to extend the end 15 of the hollow body in the form of a pipe which is enclosed by a stationary body and is allowed to dip directly into the liquid.
  • an oil pump has been chosen which splashes the oil directly on to the ball bearing 3.
  • the pump impeller 12 is made so large that even at a comparatively low speed the suction head is so large that oil rises in pipe 7.
  • a splash ring 16 can be provided on the periphery of the pump impeller 12 which dips into the oil sump. Oil is thus already splashed on to the casing 4 at a low pump speed and flows through channel 17 into the storage chamber 19 which is formed with the aid of the blocking ring 18, whereby the oil reaches the bearing. At a high speed this oil flow ceases, because the air which is carried along by the pump impeller 12 displaces the oil.
  • the auxiliary channels 11 can also be used to cool the lubricating medium by whirling it against a cooled wall or a cooler. This type of cooling is particularly effective because no stagnation of the flow is caused by the cooled oil at the cooling point. It is continuously carried away by the impact of the fresh oil.
  • the pump according to the invention can also be used for separating out such particles which are heavier than the liquid, for instance chips resulting from a machining operation, casting sand, or other contaminating particles.
  • This is achieved by means of the annular enlargement 20 of the hollow chamber 5 which lies radially further outwards than the inlet openings of the channels 9.
  • a small space is adequate for this purpose when the lubricating oil system is a closed circuit, because during operation no further foreign substances can enter the system.
  • the liquid channels 9 or the auxiliary channels 11 are prevented from becoming obstructed because the impurities are removed by the centrifugal effect and collect in the enlargement 20 where they can be removed when the pump is at a standstill.
  • the stationary annular part which surrounds the hollow body 1 is constructed in the form of a bushing 21 for a plain bearing, whereby the hollow body forms the bearing neck.
  • An adequate amount of oil has to be supplied to the running surface. It is therefore necessary to suck in more oil than is required, and to convey away the surplus by means of storage edge and auxiliary channels 11.
  • the inlets of the vent channels 13 are located on a still smaller diameter.
  • the centrifugal pump according to the invention is suitable for all liquids, even those which readily evaporate and the conveyance of which has so far presented great difliculties. Even when starting up, the pump is capable of producing the desired underpressure which is required for priming the pump, without any additional equipment having to be provided. An interruption of the pumping effect due to gases or vapours collecting inside the pump is absolutely impossible.
  • Self-priming centrifugal pump particularly for conveying lubricating oil, which is located above the level of the liquid to be conveyed and is mounted on the shaft of a high-speed turbomachine, characterised by the combination of the following features:
  • a rotating pump body having a central hollow chamber
  • auxiliary channels in the pump body in communication with the atmosphere for discharging the liquid which rises above the storage edge.
  • Centrifugal pump as in claim 1, characterised by an annular enlargement of the hollow chamber which lies radially further outwards than the inlet openings of the liquid channels.
  • Centrifugal pump as in claim 1 characterised by a splash ring on the periphery of the pump impeller, said ring being arranged to dip into the liquid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US704736A 1967-02-15 1968-02-12 Self-priming centrifugal pump Expired - Lifetime US3457871A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH218667A CH451714A (de) 1967-02-15 1967-02-15 Selbstansaugende Zentrifugalpumpe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3457871A true US3457871A (en) 1969-07-29

Family

ID=4227893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US704736A Expired - Lifetime US3457871A (en) 1967-02-15 1968-02-12 Self-priming centrifugal pump

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3457871A (de)
CH (1) CH451714A (de)
DE (2) DE6607026U (de)
DK (1) DK124281B (de)
FR (1) FR1556502A (de)
GB (1) GB1182993A (de)
NL (1) NL140038B (de)
SE (1) SE326636B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4256436A (en) * 1977-12-24 1981-03-17 Sihi Gmbh & Co. Kg Self-priming pump
US4445592A (en) * 1980-07-03 1984-05-01 The Glacier Metal Company, Limited Lubrication system
US4541784A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-09-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Centrifugal lubricating oil pump of an exhaust gas turbocharger
US4541785A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-09-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Self-priming centrifugal lubricating oil pump of an exhaust gas turbocharger
US5513964A (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-05-07 Environamics Corporation Pump oil mister with reduced windage
US5591020A (en) * 1994-05-19 1997-01-07 Environamics Corporation Pump oil mister
US11396865B2 (en) 2016-07-05 2022-07-26 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine generator with an electric generator bearing assembly

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947530A (en) * 1974-08-14 1976-03-30 Zevco Enterprises, Inc. Self-priming centrifugal pump
GB2069636A (en) * 1980-02-18 1981-08-26 Automotive Prod Co Ltd Rotary power transmission
DE3346392C2 (de) * 1983-12-22 1986-07-17 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Vorrichtung zur Schmierung einer Lagereinheit
US5150769A (en) * 1986-01-13 1992-09-29 Hy-Tech Hydraulics, Inc. Controlled-flow lubricating system
US5150975A (en) * 1987-02-12 1992-09-29 Hy-Tech Hydraulics, Inc. Compact self-lubricating bearing system
DE4445957A1 (de) * 1994-12-22 1996-06-27 Abb Management Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Eigenschmierung der Wälzlager von Turbomaschinen
DE19860784A1 (de) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-06 Asea Brown Boveri Pumpe
CN103016355A (zh) * 2012-09-20 2013-04-03 宁波大红鹰学院 一种特殊自吸泵
CN109210296B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2020-11-27 山东赛马力动力科技有限公司 一种带注油孔的滚子轴承珠芯润滑扭转的法兰盘端盖

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549670A (en) * 1941-01-23 1942-12-07 Clement Brown Improvements in or relating to rotary pumps
US2824521A (en) * 1953-09-22 1958-02-25 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Devices for elevating a liquid from a liquid bath
US2882698A (en) * 1955-01-31 1959-04-21 John R Boyle Refrigerating system
FR1183321A (fr) * 1956-10-22 1959-07-06 Sulzer Ag Pompe centrifuge
US3203354A (en) * 1962-03-26 1965-08-31 Thiokol Chemical Corp Pump

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB549670A (en) * 1941-01-23 1942-12-07 Clement Brown Improvements in or relating to rotary pumps
US2824521A (en) * 1953-09-22 1958-02-25 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Devices for elevating a liquid from a liquid bath
US2882698A (en) * 1955-01-31 1959-04-21 John R Boyle Refrigerating system
FR1183321A (fr) * 1956-10-22 1959-07-06 Sulzer Ag Pompe centrifuge
US3203354A (en) * 1962-03-26 1965-08-31 Thiokol Chemical Corp Pump

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4256436A (en) * 1977-12-24 1981-03-17 Sihi Gmbh & Co. Kg Self-priming pump
US4445592A (en) * 1980-07-03 1984-05-01 The Glacier Metal Company, Limited Lubrication system
US4541784A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-09-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Centrifugal lubricating oil pump of an exhaust gas turbocharger
US4541785A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-09-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Self-priming centrifugal lubricating oil pump of an exhaust gas turbocharger
US5591020A (en) * 1994-05-19 1997-01-07 Environamics Corporation Pump oil mister
US5513964A (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-05-07 Environamics Corporation Pump oil mister with reduced windage
US5632608A (en) * 1994-10-11 1997-05-27 Environamics Corporation Pump oil mister with reduced windage
US11396865B2 (en) 2016-07-05 2022-07-26 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine generator with an electric generator bearing assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK124281B (da) 1972-10-02
DE6607026U (de) 1971-01-07
NL6705588A (de) 1968-08-16
GB1182993A (en) 1970-03-04
DE1653664B2 (de) 1973-07-19
CH451714A (de) 1968-05-15
DE1653664C3 (de) 1974-02-14
NL140038B (nl) 1973-10-15
FR1556502A (de) 1969-02-07
DE1653664A1 (de) 1970-09-10
SE326636B (de) 1970-07-27

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