US3457532A - Electromagnetically operated mechanisms,particularly contactors - Google Patents

Electromagnetically operated mechanisms,particularly contactors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3457532A
US3457532A US608795A US3457532DA US3457532A US 3457532 A US3457532 A US 3457532A US 608795 A US608795 A US 608795A US 3457532D A US3457532D A US 3457532DA US 3457532 A US3457532 A US 3457532A
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United States
Prior art keywords
armature
lever
parts
support
electromagnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US608795A
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English (en)
Inventor
Guy H Lacan
Maurice G Contal
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Telemecanique SA
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La Telemecanique Electrique SA
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Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B3/00—Key-type connections; Keys
    • F16B3/04—Key-type connections; Keys using keys formed of wire or other flexible material, to be inserted through an opening giving access to grooves in the adjacent surfaces of the parts to be connected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H01H50/22—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil wherein the magnetic circuit is substantially closed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/643—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part performing a rotating or pivoting movement

Definitions

  • the invention is generally applicable to electromagnetically operated mechanisms in which an armature moves contact parts or a mechanical device through the intermediary of a rocking lever to which the armature is attached by a hinge.
  • a contactor comprising a core plunger forming an armature which is articulated on a rocking lever which, in turn, operates a sliding contact carrier whose movement is opposite and parallel to that of the plunger.
  • This form of contactor possesses an advantage that it effects balance between the parts in motion and thus provides apparatus not affected by shocks and vibrations.
  • This form of construction however has one disadvantage: the armature on one hand and contact-carrier on the other hand, are sliding parts guided by slots or similar means along their entire length of travel, while the heads of the lever to which they are connected have a circular movement. A sliding movement at the articulation point is necessary, and this is achieved by means of cut-outs or elongated holes, or by means of forks supporting rods fitted with collars.
  • the present invention seeks to remove these disadvanice tages and bring about operational reliability by eliminating as far as possible the causes of friction and wear.
  • a further object of the invention is, moreover, to provide an electromagnetically operated mechanism which is quite symmetrical about the median plane of the electromagnet and of the contact system, so that two mechanisms of the same construction, one of which is turned by on its support base, can constitute a changeover switch.
  • the basis of the invention is the principal idea that, contrary to the form of construction previously mentioned in which the rocking lever is only a transmission member with play between the two duly sliding parts, it is the rocking lever which, by well-fitted hinge articulations supports the armature and the part utilizing the movement, a strict translation movement of driving and driven parts being not necessary, provided that on the one hand, the meeting of pole surfaces of the electromagnet, and on the other hand, the closing of movable contacts on their stationary contacts, are both correctly ensured from the me chanical and electrical points of view by centering means which prevent deviations of these parts in relation to their median plane of translation parallel to the axis of the rocking lever.
  • an armature of an electromagnet articulated to exercise a driving torque on a lever is characterized in that it is provided at its far end from its pole surfaces, with well fitting means pivoting about an axis parallel with the axis of rotation of the lever, that at least a second lever whose movable end acting on a part of the armature in the vicinity of the pole surfaces of the latter centers the meeting of the said surfaces of the armature with those of the yoke of the electromagnet, and that the second lever is compelled to accompany the armature by reason of the projection of one sliding in a slot of the other.
  • the second lever is placed in a plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the rocking lever, and laterally with regard to master plates of the electromagnet, and for centering the armature, a pair of levers are provided which are connected by a central branch and forming a harness around the armature.
  • the armature is of a considerable weight, it is useful to form the moving end of the second lever as a skate which supports a lateral projection of the armature by rolling over it, the object of this support being to diminish the strains on the pivots under the Weight of the armature.
  • two symmetrical pairs of levers or harnesses can be provided, which are symmetrical about a transversal median plane of the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet, and provide, on each harness, two groups of rolling surfaces, so that the forces exercised by the armature on the accompanying levers are perfectly balanced for any armature position. It is thus possible to construct a contactor embodying the invention which can operate just as well if it is turned upside down on its vertical attachment base, as has been previously mentioned.
  • the accompanying levers or harnesses can, in addition, be employed to transfer the movement of the armature to the auxiliary contacts in accordance with normal practice in the field of contactors.
  • a movable contact support receiving from a lever .a driving torque and moving in a manner practically parallel to itself by being connected to the said lever by pivoting means, is constituted by a part comprising parallel contact columns in insulating material, only one means of centering being provided on the far side from the pivoting axis on the column.
  • the rocking lever consists of two equal and symmetrical parts joined in the middle in the longitudinal plane of the lever, their branches moving away from that plane to form, when they are joined, a double fork, each part comprising, towards the middle a pivoting axis and at one end, a trunnion directed away from the axial plane, and, at the other end, a hole for trunnion, so that the two parts of the lever can be fitted by their respective trunnions or holes into the corresponding parts of the armature and of the support of the movable contact and so that the mechanism thus constituted as one unit can then be fixed by its central axis into the base of the contactor.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly of the main parts of a first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one of the parts of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a view partly in section of the first embodiment with its base plate removed
  • FIG. 5 is a part cross-section on the line VV of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a part forming detachable bearing of the first embodiment shown opposite a portion of the base in which it fits,
  • FIG. 7 is an end view with, on the left, a cross-section on the line V ⁇ IIVII of FIG. 5, and,
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-section on the line VIII-VII-I of FIG. 5.
  • the electromagnet consists of a yoke 1 supported in a fixed manner by a support (not shown). On one branch of the yoke there is an energizing winding L1-L2 shown schematically. On energization the magnetic field draws an armature 2 towards the yoke in the direction of the arrow F1, the armautre being provided at the rear with two spaced extensions 2a which contain, on the axis 01-02, bearings (not shown) in which trunnions 6 of a rocking lever 4 are mounted.
  • the rocking lever turns about a fixed axis 03-04 and is articulated about an axis 05-06 to a contact support unit 30.
  • the armature 2 and the contact support unit 30 are thus compelled to carry out parallel movements in opposite directions.
  • levers 13 and 14 are employed, which pivot in the fixed support about an axis 07-08, the levers being provided with heels connected by a cross-bar 17, in such manner that the assembly constitutes a harness.
  • the ends of levers are forked at 13a and they each enclose a pin 15 on the armature.
  • the cross-bar 17 could be employed to operate auxiliary contacts, as will be shown later on.
  • the contact support unit 30 is a moulded part which oscillates around an axis 05-06 forming an articulation axis with branches of the lever 4.
  • the support unit 30' comprises three contact of columns 31, 32, 33 (see also FIG. 5).
  • the unit has trunnions 26, 27 which fit closely into openings 7 in the lever 4, and it would not normally be possible to guide the support unit 30 in lateral grooves.
  • two bars 45a, 45b have been provided to effect centering of the column 32.
  • the rocking lever 4 is constituted by two cast parts-which are assembled in the longitudinal plane by surfaces 8. Each part has arms 4a, 4b, bending outwards to constitute half-forks.
  • the arms 4a have trunnions 6 directed outwards.
  • the arms 4b have openings 7 provided to receive, on the axis 05-06, the portions of shaft carried by the contact support unit 30, which forms at its base a spider 30b. At the center of this spider there is a boss 30a upon which acts a helical spring 54 (FIG. 5) ensuring the return of the mechanism when energization of the electromagnet ceases.
  • each branch of the harness has a rolling surface 19, while pin 12 moves the lever by means of a slot or elongated hole 22.
  • the armature is provided with lateral projections 20 whose flat surfaces roll on surfaces 19.
  • This form of construction is particularly suitable when the electromagnet has large dimensions, i.e., when the armature is relatively heavy.
  • the surfaces 19 support the weight of the armature and thus diminish the strain on the trunnions 6.
  • the armature 2 is connected to the lever 4 as in the previous case along axis 0'10-012. Irrespective of whether the harnesses are constructed in the form shown in FIG. 1 or in the form shown in FIG. 2, it is advantageous to carry out a symmetrical assembly with two harnesses, since the effect of holding down and centering is assured, whatever be the final position of the assembled electromagnet.
  • the movable mechanical parts: armature 2, the harnesses 17, the rocking lever 4 and the contact support unit 30 are preferably pro-assembled to'be later put in place in the framework of the contactor.
  • the latter comprises a metal base plate 52 (FIG. 5) which supports two rightangled parts 40 for the electromagnet, and an insulating base 51 for a switching device.
  • armature 2 is extended rearwards by two extensions 2a, which enclose two blocks 36 of plastics material, which are also retained in the longitudinal direction by the magnetic plates 37.
  • a cut-out 36a combined with the rounded ends of the blocks 36, forms a bending strip giving a better flexibility to centering of the armature in relation to the trunnion 6 of the lever 4.
  • the pivot of the lever 4 is preferably in the form of a trunnion 5 and is an integral part of the lever half.
  • the bearing receiving this trunnion is a block of plastics material 21 (FIG. 6) whose details will be explained later on.
  • the half-levers have, at the end 4b, a cap with a blind hole 7 open on the side of the axial plane of the lever 4. In each blind hole 7 is placed an anti-friction packing 35 which receives in its turn the trunnions 26, 27 of the support unit 30.
  • the width of the work shown at M (FIG.
  • the mechanism is slid through the rear of the support, the bearings 21 entering by ribs 21c, 21d into a slot 51a, as per the arrow F2 (FIG. 6).
  • the body 21a of the bearing maintains in an opening 21e the trunnion 5 and is in contact with a reinforcement 51b of the base.
  • a return spring 54 can be mounted on the boss 30a of the support of movable contacts a rear plate 52 fixed on the base having a seating collar 52a for the spring. At the same time the plate 52 is pressing against the projection 21b of the bearing 21, this projection bearing hollow to make it flexible in the direction of the arrow F2.
  • the base 51 can receive, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, an arc case contained in a cover 46, the cover and the base being fixed together by the projections 46a and 51c opposite to each other.
  • the base and the cover form three parallel channels in which move branches 31, 32, 33 of the movable contacts support unit.
  • the central channel receiving the branch 32 is provided with an anti-friction ring 45 of generally rectangular form, and of which only sides 45a, 45b, provide lateral support to the external faces of the branch 32, it being understood that all the other parts of the branches pass freely in the correspond ing channels.
  • the end 58 of the central branch 32 can be 6 provided with bevelled edges 58a to facilitate assembly.
  • the are case comprises three separate switching chambers 47 with a device 47a for dividing the arcs fixed to the refractory plates 48 with vents 48a,
  • the support columns 30 are provided with windows 33a whose base has a notch 55 of V-shape in the axial plane of support.
  • a movable contact 56 In each window is mounted a movable contact 56,'itself of V-shape, and which is pressed against the said notch by a support member 49.
  • This member has, on its base, a lug engaging the folded metal part of the movable contact, and it carries, at its top, a collar supporting spring 50 which seats at its other end on a boss 33b of the window.
  • FIGS. 5 and 7 show how the electromagnet of the contactor can be assembled.
  • the right-angled parts 40 When the right-angled parts 40 are mounted on the base plate 52, they form bearings 27a, 27b, 28a, 28b for the trunnions of the harnesses which are also provided with anti-friction lining 23.
  • the harnesses Preferably, the harnesses can be constructed entirely in an anti-friction plastics material.
  • the right-angled parts 40 comprises folded feet 40a parallel to the base plate, and on them is mounted the stationary part of the magnetic circuit of the electromagnet.
  • the core 1 is mounted in the moulded body 43 through the intermediary of a plastics lining 61.
  • This lining allows passage of the two arms 9 of the core 1 while it carries in its middle a distance piece '18 forming a tightening buffer for the central arm of the core 1.
  • It comprises also two lateral feet 62 for attachment to the moulded body.
  • the moulded body 43 forms also an enclosure for coils 63 which, in a known manner, are placed on each arm of the core.
  • the moulded body incorporates also terminals 65 of the coil.
  • a cover 42 supports by flexible plate 41 the core 1 on the body 43 and is screwed in the feet 40a. After their insertion in the cover 42 and feet 62, the screws 44 are provided with offset rim 34 to make sure they cannot be lost.
  • a resilient pad 64 is placed to act as a stop in the rest position of the armature.
  • one of the centering harnesses is made up of two lateral levers 13, 14 and of a central cross-bar 17.
  • the cross-bar has notched faces 17a, 17b, forming a bevelled edge at their intersection, so as to act more accurately on the push button of an auxiliary contact 53 of a known type which is mounted on the plate and its operating push button 53a receives on the upper face the push of the cross-bar 17 of the harness.
  • the harnesses have a double use-for centering and for transmission of movement of the armature.
  • a separate transmission is employed. This is advantageous, as while suitably calculating the ratio of the arms of the lever such as 13b and 13c, it is possible to obtain a travel of auxiliary contacts which may be different from that of the principal poles, this being due to the fact that they are not subjected to the same electrical conditions.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 It is easy to see in FIGS. 4 and 5 that the illustrated apparatus is entirely symmetrical about a longitudinal plane of the forks of the rocking lever 4.
  • a second contactor turned through can be positioned in such a manner that the two electromagnets are next to each other, the two switching devices forming then a changeover switch which, in a known manner, crosses two phases of three-phase supply. To avoid a short-circuit,
  • a usual interlocking device can be placed between two cross-bars such as 17 of the neighbouring harnesses.
  • An electromagnetically operated mechanism comprising:
  • an electromagnet including a yoke mounted on said frame;
  • an operating lever mounted for rotation about an axis on said frame and having one end thereof connected for articulation to said armature;
  • At least one second lever pivotally mounted on said frame on an axis perpendicular to said plane of translation and acting on at least one surface of the armature adjacent its poles to prevent any substantial deviation of the armature with respect to said plane of translation, said second lever being arranged to follow the movement of the armature.
  • said movable contact support comprises at least one column of insulating material movable in said frame with freedom of rotation with respect to the articulation point of the movable contact support on the operating lever, and further comprising two bars secured to said frame, said bars being made of anti-friction material and placed against the lateral faces of said column in the vicinity of the contacts for restricting said freedom of rotation.
  • the operating lever consists of two symmetrical cast parts joined together about the middle of the lever by a flat surface, each part having, as an integral part thereof, a trunnion pointing outwardly on the armature side and having a blind hole on the side of the movable contact support, the two parts being assembled so as to form a tenon and mortise point at their meeting surfaces, the length of each trunnion on the armature side being less than half the width of the opening of the armature extensions to permit the trunnions on the armature side to engage the bearings of the armature extensions.
  • movable contact support is in the form of a spider having two trunnions directed in opposite directions for engaging the blind holes of said operating lever.
  • said frame includes a base of insulating material having slots therein and further comprising two detachable bearings of plastic material enclosing the middle trunnion of said operating lever and slidably mounted in said slots, whereby the operating lever can be assembled to the base of insulating material by engaging said detachable hearings in the slots of the base.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
US608795A 1966-01-12 1967-01-12 Electromagnetically operated mechanisms,particularly contactors Expired - Lifetime US3457532A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR45578A FR1470393A (fr) 1966-01-12 1966-01-12 Mécanisme pour électro-aimant, en particulier pour contacteur électromagnétique

Publications (1)

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US3457532A true US3457532A (en) 1969-07-22

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US608795A Expired - Lifetime US3457532A (en) 1966-01-12 1967-01-12 Electromagnetically operated mechanisms,particularly contactors

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US (1) US3457532A (it)
AT (1) AT281172B (it)
BE (1) BE691400A (it)
CH (1) CH449119A (it)
DE (1) DE1564933B2 (it)
ES (1) ES335550A1 (it)
FR (1) FR1470393A (it)
GB (1) GB1166638A (it)
LU (1) LU52655A1 (it)
NL (1) NL6700196A (it)
NO (1) NO121105B (it)
SE (1) SE334407B (it)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3737539A1 (de) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-18 Asea Brown Boveri Elektrisches installationsschaltgeraet

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4486484A (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-12-04 Security Lumber & Supply Co. Strip of flexible corrugated material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1908567A (en) * 1928-08-31 1933-05-09 Line Material Co Circuit making and breaking device
US2434070A (en) * 1943-04-08 1948-01-06 Henry R Gross Flasher
US2451323A (en) * 1946-05-11 1948-10-12 Sight Light Corp Shock resistant relay
US3054872A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Ward Leonard Electric Co Electrical contactor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1908567A (en) * 1928-08-31 1933-05-09 Line Material Co Circuit making and breaking device
US2434070A (en) * 1943-04-08 1948-01-06 Henry R Gross Flasher
US2451323A (en) * 1946-05-11 1948-10-12 Sight Light Corp Shock resistant relay
US3054872A (en) * 1958-11-28 1962-09-18 Ward Leonard Electric Co Electrical contactor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3737539A1 (de) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-18 Asea Brown Boveri Elektrisches installationsschaltgeraet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH449119A (fr) 1967-12-31
LU52655A1 (it) 1967-12-21
FR1470393A (fr) 1967-02-24
BE691400A (it) 1967-05-29
NL6700196A (it) 1967-07-13
NO121105B (it) 1971-01-18
GB1166638A (en) 1969-10-08
SE334407B (it) 1971-04-26
DE1564933B2 (de) 1971-12-09
DE1564933A1 (de) 1970-10-29
AT281172B (de) 1970-05-11
ES335550A1 (es) 1967-12-01

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