US3454035A - Valve structure with seat insert centered by centering surfaces - Google Patents

Valve structure with seat insert centered by centering surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3454035A
US3454035A US590306A US3454035DA US3454035A US 3454035 A US3454035 A US 3454035A US 590306 A US590306 A US 590306A US 3454035D A US3454035D A US 3454035DA US 3454035 A US3454035 A US 3454035A
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United States
Prior art keywords
insert
valve
chamber
housing
valve structure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US590306A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Jorgen Jespersen
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Danfoss AS
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Danfoss AS
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Application filed by Danfoss AS filed Critical Danfoss AS
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Publication of US3454035A publication Critical patent/US3454035A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/44—Details of seats or valve members of double-seat valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/33—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant
    • F25B41/335—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant via diaphragms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
    • Y10T137/6011—Assembling, disassembling, or removing cartridge type valve [e.g., insertable and removable as a unit, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7504—Removable valve head and seat unit
    • Y10T137/7668—Retained by bonnet or closure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86718—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/86759—Reciprocating
    • Y10T137/86767—Spool

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a valve structure, and more particularly to a valve structure in which the movable valve element operates within a sleeve which can be inserted in the housing and is sealed therein.
  • the valve according to the present invention is particularly useful as an expansion valve in cooling or refrigeration apparatus.
  • the structure lends itself to ready manufacture by mass production technique, and particularly to manufacture of components by automatic screw machines, automatic lathes or the like.
  • An insert sleeve which may be mass produced accurately on automatic machinery is seated by means of a seal within a housing.
  • One seal must be provided to prevent leakage of fluid from the inlet into the insert sleeve; another sealing arrangement must be provided to seal the space on either side of the valve seats, to provide effective separation of inlet, and outlet openings.
  • Such valves have the disadvantage that their assembly and manufacture was rather difficult, and that the path of the fluid was complicated.
  • O-IingS resulted in a valve which avoided some of the above difficulties; however, it was difiicult to form a suitable housing; casting or forgings were necessary and subsequent machining increased manufacturing costs. Additionally, as the O-rings were inserted, they were subject to damage during assembly and thus resulted in leakage and rejects of the entire valve, which was not discoverable until they were finally tested after complete assembly.
  • the valve structure has a housing in which a chamber is formed which is larger than the valving chamber itself.
  • a hollow valve seat insert is located in the chamber; a lateral aperture is formed in the hollow valve seat insert to communicate with an inlet to the housing and thus to the chamber; its hollow interior communicates with the outlet of the housing.
  • the valve stem is located directly within the seat insert, and operated concentrically therewith.
  • a single sealing element is provided laterally, that is on the outer side of this valve seat insert.
  • the insert can be made completely cylindrical and thus on automatic machinery, and the valve stem itself can likewise be made on automatic machinery to match valve seats formed in the inside of the insert. Only a single seal is necessary. The entire assembly, once oriented within the chamber, can then be secured together by means of screws or the like.
  • the construction further permits the manufacture of valves in which the inlet and outlet connections are aligned; during manufacture they can be bored in a single manufacturing step; inserts can be used afterwards to match the valve seat insert against the inner walls of the chamber, if the inner walls have been bored to dimensions not matching those of the valve seat insert.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a valve in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1, the insert in section along line AA of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal view of yet another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a horizontal section of an insert of yet another embodiment, with respect to a center line of the valve.
  • valve housing 1 has a cylindrical inner chamber '2, as well as a pair of co-concentric ducts 3 and 4 terminating in chamber 2.
  • An inlet stub 5 is connected to inlet duct 3; outlet tube 6 is connected to duct 4.
  • Chamber 2 is fitted with a hollow valve seat insert 7, formed with a pair of valve seats 8 and 9. Insert 7 is closed between seats 8 and 9 on one side, but formed with a lateral aperture 10, having a bearing surface 11 formed thereon.
  • An O-ring seal 12 is set into the surface 11 and bears against a matching surface in the chamber 13.
  • Surface 11 is, as clearly seen in FIG. 2, a portion of a cylinder, which matches the interior diameter of the chamber 2.
  • Chamber 2, itself, is cylindrical. Axes of the cylindrical housing and the axes of the aperture of the cylindrical insert intersect each other at approximately right angles.
  • O-ring 12 is inserted in a notch 14 in the cylindrical bearing surface 11 formed on insert 7. The interior walls of notch 14 are approximately perpendicular to the cylindrical surface, so that they will retain O-ring 12 securely therein.
  • the insert 7 is retained in place by a flange 15.
  • Flange 15 itself rests, with a seal 16 interposed, on a matching surface 17 of the housing.
  • a cylindrical centering surface 18 is formed on the insert, which cooperates with a matching centering surface 19 of the housing. Both centering surfaces have a clearance correspondent to approximately an easy slip fit.
  • the upper end of the insert is formed with lateral bores 30 in order to provide for communication from the top of the insert to the chamber where the valve opens. See FIG. 1.
  • the valve shaft 22 has a pair of valve members 23, 24. It is operated by means of a compression spring 25 and by the pressure of a membrane 26.
  • the parts 25, 26 are contained in a control attachment 27, a bottom end 28 of which seats on insert 7.
  • Attachment 27 is secured to housing 1 by means of screws 29 and presses flange 15 of the insert to the matching seating surface 17 of the housing. All other parts of the control attachment are not necessary for an understanding of the present invention and will not be described in detail.
  • the medium to be regulated such as a refrigerating gas
  • inlet tube it enters through aperture into the valve insert 7 between the two valve seats 8 and 9. If the valve is opened, it then passes past seat 8 and seat 9 and cross bores 30 into the portion of the chamber beyond insert 7, and can be taken off chamber 2 from the outlet 4 and stub 6.
  • valve shaft and insert assembly is inserted into the chamber 2 from above, in such a manner that pin 20 engages the radial notch 21 and that the central axes of insert 7 is canted with respect to the outlet duct 4. Both matching surfaces 11 and 13, adjacent the aperture 10, are then spaced from each other by a small distance. Insert 7 is then tipped above pin 20, or about the surface 13 adjacent the side of pin 20, until the sealing ring 12 snugly fits against surface 13. Then assembly 27 is secured by means of screws 29. The required pressure on seal 20 against the outlet surface 13 is thus obtained.
  • Centering surface 18 need not be cylindrical, but may be a cross section of a sphere or a cone; the pictorial representation in the drawing would not change with such a modification.
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification in which housing 31 contains an outlet duct 32 similar to the form shown in FIG. 1.
  • Inlet duct 33 is carried into the interior 34 and forms, itself, a duct which passes through the housing and at its end surface 36 further provides the bearing surface against which bearing surface 37 of insert 39, surrounding aperture 38 therein, can seat.
  • the O-ring 40 is secured against the surface 36.
  • the surface is further formed with a ring-shaped flange 41, is engaged by a projection 42 surrounding aperture 38, in order to provide for positive axial alignment.
  • Insert 39 is formed at its lower end with a spherical bearing point 43, fitting into a matching bore 44 of housing 31.
  • the upper end is formed with a flange 5, in which a ring seal 46 is secured axially in a central bore 47 of the control assembly 48.
  • the control assembly 48 is secured, by means of a seal 49, to housing 31 and centered thereon at its centering surface 50.
  • insert 39 is again placed into the chamber 34 from above, and canted sideways, until sphere 43 fits in the bore 44. Thereafter, control assembly 48 is placed thereon and the entire assembly is tipped, or canted until it can fit on its seat in housing 31. The surface 37 will then bear against seal 40 with proper force.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a valve housing 51, having a chamber 52, to which a stub tube 53 is assembled, forming an inlet.
  • Outlet stub 54 is likewise formed in the housing. It is accessible f om the outside.
  • Upper fla g 55 is p ovided on .4 which a control assembly can be placed, not shown in this figure.
  • the shaft of the control assembly act on the valve shaft 56.
  • the insert 57 in this embodiment is placed from the bottom and fits with a spherical upper end 59, supplied with a seal 58 in a matching bearing bore 60 of the housing.
  • a short stub 61 is provided, formed with a lateral aperture 62.
  • a seal 64 is provided located within a ring-shaped notch 65, bearing against surface 66 of the inlet stub 53.
  • the insert is placed from below, canted or tilted with respect to the axis it is eventually to have, and secured in its centered and straight position by means of a plug 67.
  • Plug 67 can be-formed with a recess to secure valve spring 68.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which a housing 69 is formed with a chamber 70, with which a pair of bores 71, 72 communicate.
  • An insert 73, carrying valve seats, is shown only schematically. It has an aperture 74, to which a longitudinal extension 75 is secured, having a ring-shaped notch 76 at its face to which an O-ring 77 is secured. O-ring 77 contacts an enlarged face in chamber 70.
  • the region of the chamber adjacent the inlet bore 71 is formed in a pair of sections 78, 79, so that section 79 can form a seat for the face 80 of projection 75 surrounding opening 74.
  • the outlet bore 72 has a spider 81 inserted therein, the central hub 82 of which is formed with a screw thread holding a screw 83. Screw 83 bears against a surface 84 formed on insert 73 in the region opposite aperture 74.
  • Insert 74 is placed into the chamber either from the top or the bottom, depending upon whether the general construction of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 is used. Screw 83 is retracted. Suflicient clearance is provided to place insert 73 properly, and withoutdamage to the sealing surfaces. Once the insert 73 is located, screw 83 is tightened. Insert 73 may be located in the chamber by placing it straight, or inserting it canted. The insert can be retained in position by concentric seating surfaces, similar to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or by a tilting or pivoting end similar to the ball and socket arrangement of FIG. 3; or other suitable means.
  • the lower swinging' joint shown in FIG. 3 may be replaced by a projection which is somewhat hollow and fits on a lower pin.
  • Other means to provide tilting joints may be provided; for example, the insert may be formed with rounded lower sides, discs having the approximate diameter of the chamber diameter and otherwise slightly bowed or spherically formed surfaces.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for double-seat valves. When using a single seat valve, the openings of 30 of FIG. 1 may be omitted; the insert may be closed off at the bottom.
  • The, chamber is preferably cylindrical, and machined by being bored or drilled; machining costs are cheap and canreadily be made accurately.
  • the ball-and-socket arrangement 43 of FIG. 3 may be secured in position by means of a screw passing through the housing and seating against a flattened surface on the sphere, or in the notch between the sphere and end of the insert.
  • valve stem for other applications or for check valve applications may be replaced by balls which are spring-loaded and retained within the insert by springs similar to spring 68, FIG. 4.
  • Valve structure comprising a housing having a chamber formed therein, inlet and outlet openings in communication with said chamber;
  • a hollow valve seat insert located in the chamber of said housing, said insert being formed with a lateral aperture located to be in communication with one of said housing openings and having its hollow in? terior in communication with the other of said housing openings when the valve is open;
  • valve means located within said seat insert, said insert and said valve means being formed with matching valve seats, and said valve means being axially movable within said insert to provide for opening and closing of the valve;
  • said valve seat insert having an outer surface surrounding said lateral aperture bearing against a matching surface on said chamber; sealing means arranged between said surface, said insert being smaller than the internal dimensions of said chamber and laterally movable therein during assembly of the valve structure;
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means securing said insert in said housing include pressure means releasably pressing said insert and said housing together in sealing engagement.
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein said chamber is cylindrical, said insert is a cylindrical sleeve of lesser diameter than the diameter of the chamber, and the inlet and outlet openings are cylindrical.
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 4 wherein the insert is cylindrical and the aperture is cylindrical having an axis intersecting the axis of the cylindrical insert at right angles; and said walls of the notch are approximately perpendicular to the plane formed by the intersect-ion of the aperture with the cylindrical insert.
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein at least one of said openings is defined by the tubular projections extending into said chamber; said tubular project-ion having said surface formed at the end thereof.
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means securing said insert in said housing include a locating seat comprising matching centering surfaces formed on said insert and in said chamber, said matching centering surfaces being rounded with respect to each other to provide for self-alignment.
  • Valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein said 6 means securing said insert in said housing include a bearing member in sealing engagement with said insert, and a pin engaging said bearing member through said housing to secure said insert in position within said chamber.
  • valve structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the chamber is cylindrical and formed with seating surfaces in the region of the inlet opening; said valve seat insert is cylindrical and of lesser diameter than the diameter of the chamber; said valve seat insert being formed with an outer sealing surface of a diameter similar to the diameter of the chamber to provide for a matching sealing engagement therewith.
  • Valve structure comprising a housing having a chamber formed therein, inlet and outlet openings in communication with said chamber;
  • a hollow valve seat insert located in the chamber of said housing, said insert being formed with a lateral aperture located to be in communication with one of said housing openings and having its hollow interior in communication with the other of said housing openings when the valve is open;
  • valve means located within said seat insert, said insert and said valve means being formed with matching valve seats, and said valve means being axially movable within said insert to provide for opening and closing of the valve;
  • said valve seat insert having an outer surface surrounding said lateral aperture bearing against a matching surface on said chamber; sealing means arranged between said surfaces, said insert being smaller than the internal dimensions of said chamber and laterally movable therein during assembly of the valve structure;
  • said means securing said insert in said housing including a tilt joint forming a ball-andsocket connection, to permit canting of said insert during assembly; and a locating seat to locate said insert in said housing after assembly, whereby during assembly, the insert may be placed in said chamher with clearance from the sealing surface in the chamber, and damage to the matching sealing surfaces and the sealing means during assembly avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
  • Valve Housings (AREA)
US590306A 1965-11-04 1966-10-28 Valve structure with seat insert centered by centering surfaces Expired - Lifetime US3454035A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED48580A DE1282379B (de) 1965-11-04 1965-11-04 Ventil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3454035A true US3454035A (en) 1969-07-08

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US590306A Expired - Lifetime US3454035A (en) 1965-11-04 1966-10-28 Valve structure with seat insert centered by centering surfaces

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US (1) US3454035A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1282379B (enExample)
FR (1) FR1498235A (enExample)
GB (1) GB1140143A (enExample)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648718A (en) * 1970-06-01 1972-03-14 Foxboro Co Valve structure
US3963212A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-06-15 Mullins John W Two-way tee for joining refrigerant lines
US4503878A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-03-12 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Choke valve
US5487410A (en) * 1994-02-10 1996-01-30 Hydraulik-Ring Antriebs- Und Steueringstechnik Gmbh Proportional solenoid valve unit
DE10048690A1 (de) * 2000-09-30 2002-04-25 Danfoss As Ventil, insbesondere Heizkörperventil
WO2011128191A1 (de) * 2010-04-13 2011-10-20 Pierbrug Gmbh Anordnung eines ventils in einer bohrung eines kanalgehäuses
US20120241662A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-27 Jason David Clifford Interchangeable valve apparatus for use with fluid regulators
WO2021052849A1 (de) * 2019-09-20 2021-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Expansionsventil mit einem dichtringhalter zur vereinfachten montage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9007817D0 (en) * 1990-04-06 1990-06-06 Scottish Asbestos & Rubber The Valve

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1988966A (en) * 1934-01-06 1935-01-22 Edgar A Eckhouse Faucet valve means
US2074839A (en) * 1935-03-13 1937-03-23 Bovaird And Company Valve
US3000393A (en) * 1959-05-25 1961-09-19 Wallace J Maynard Valve structure
US3025873A (en) * 1959-05-22 1962-03-20 Gen Controls Co Gas regulator construction
US3111136A (en) * 1962-05-18 1963-11-19 Maxim D Persidsky Vacuum sealed rotary glass valve
US3347260A (en) * 1964-09-22 1967-10-17 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Cartridge valve assembly

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR950459A (fr) * 1946-09-06 1949-09-28 Robinet
US2674436A (en) * 1948-12-27 1954-04-06 Oil Ct Tool Company Valve
DE1086096B (de) * 1952-12-20 1960-07-28 Sulzer Ag Ventil
DE1802017U (de) * 1959-07-31 1959-12-10 Bopp & Reuther Gmbh Anordnung zur befestigung des den sitzring von umschaltventilen in verbundwasserzaehlern tragenden zuflussstutzens am gehaeuse, insbesondere fuer kleinere nennweiten.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1988966A (en) * 1934-01-06 1935-01-22 Edgar A Eckhouse Faucet valve means
US2074839A (en) * 1935-03-13 1937-03-23 Bovaird And Company Valve
US3025873A (en) * 1959-05-22 1962-03-20 Gen Controls Co Gas regulator construction
US3000393A (en) * 1959-05-25 1961-09-19 Wallace J Maynard Valve structure
US3111136A (en) * 1962-05-18 1963-11-19 Maxim D Persidsky Vacuum sealed rotary glass valve
US3347260A (en) * 1964-09-22 1967-10-17 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Cartridge valve assembly

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648718A (en) * 1970-06-01 1972-03-14 Foxboro Co Valve structure
US3963212A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-06-15 Mullins John W Two-way tee for joining refrigerant lines
US4503878A (en) * 1983-04-29 1985-03-12 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Choke valve
US5487410A (en) * 1994-02-10 1996-01-30 Hydraulik-Ring Antriebs- Und Steueringstechnik Gmbh Proportional solenoid valve unit
DE10048690A1 (de) * 2000-09-30 2002-04-25 Danfoss As Ventil, insbesondere Heizkörperventil
DE10048690B4 (de) * 2000-09-30 2006-04-13 Danfoss A/S Ventil
WO2011128191A1 (de) * 2010-04-13 2011-10-20 Pierbrug Gmbh Anordnung eines ventils in einer bohrung eines kanalgehäuses
US20120241662A1 (en) * 2011-03-21 2012-09-27 Jason David Clifford Interchangeable valve apparatus for use with fluid regulators
AU2012231294B2 (en) * 2011-03-21 2016-08-25 Tescom Corporation Interchangeable valve apparatus for use with fluid regulators
WO2021052849A1 (de) * 2019-09-20 2021-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Expansionsventil mit einem dichtringhalter zur vereinfachten montage
US11788632B2 (en) 2019-09-20 2023-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Expansion valve having a sealing ring holder for simplified assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1498235A (enExample) 1968-01-05
GB1140143A (en) 1969-01-15
DE1282379B (de) 1968-11-07

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