US3453844A - Bulky warp-knit fabrics - Google Patents

Bulky warp-knit fabrics Download PDF

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Publication number
US3453844A
US3453844A US739931A US3453844DA US3453844A US 3453844 A US3453844 A US 3453844A US 739931 A US739931 A US 739931A US 3453844D A US3453844D A US 3453844DA US 3453844 A US3453844 A US 3453844A
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Prior art keywords
yarn
warp
yarns
knit
fabric
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Expired - Lifetime
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US739931A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willem Heij
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Onderzoekings Instituut Research
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Onderzoekings Instituut Research
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/02—Pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features

Definitions

  • This invention relates to bulky warp-knit fabrics of smooth filament yarns and of at least two yarn systems.
  • Warp-knit fabrics are mostly manufactured on warpknitting machines and the yarns of each yarn set are fed tothe machine from a separate yarn beam.
  • first yarn set To distinguish one yarn set from another they will hereinafter be referred to as a first yarn set, a second yarn set, and a third yarn set, and like distinguishing terms.
  • first yarn set With the usual two-bar warp-knitting machine the first yarn set generally correspondings to the yarn from a bottom beam and the second set to the yarn from a top beam.
  • first yarn set With the usual three-bar warp-knitting machine the first yarn set generally corresponds to the yarn from tom beam, the second to that from the middle beam, and the third to that from the top beam.
  • the -warp knit fabrics according to the invention which consists of at least two warp yarns or sets, is characterized in that a first yarn set forms a random stitch pattern and a second yarn set forms a chain in which the stitches in successive courses are knit alternately over one and over two needles whereby such stitches in the resultant fabric alternately extend over one and over two wales. Also, the amount of yarn of the second warp yarn set expressed in unit of length is at least 1.4 times that of the first yarn set.
  • Warp-knit fabrics according to the invention have special properties which render them of special importance to the textile industry.
  • an increasing use is made of rayon yarn and synthetic yarns made from 3,453,844 Patented July 8, 1969 ice polyamides, polyesters and polyacrilonitrile.
  • Warp-knit fabrics made from smooth synthetic filament yarns are generally characterized by a smooth appearance and a harsh handle. In many ways the appearance may be varied, as a result of which the knitwear becomes bulkier. For instance, the yarn may be pre-treated by subjecting it to a box crimping process so that it: becomes bulkier. Such bulking processes, however, are very costly.
  • after-treatments are applied to warp-knit fabrics of smooth yarn for the purpose of giving these fabrics a bulkier appearance.
  • the knitted article is napped for the purpose of giving it a velour-like appearance.
  • To obtain a cloth having a uniform appearance requires great care so that these after-treatments, too, are very costly.
  • warp-knit fabrics according to the present invention are bulky without the need for any after-treatment and they appear as if they were made of spun yarns.
  • the present invention makes it possible, without costly treatments either before or after the resultant fabric has been knit, to process smooth synthetic filament yarn into bulky knitwear which, as far as properties are concerned, compares with knitwear 4obtained so far by using as starting material textured yarns or by subjecting knitwear made up of smooth yarns to a napping treatment.
  • the warp-knit fabrics according to the invention are made up of a plurality of warp yarn sets, with at least one yarn set forming chain stitches.
  • chain stitches are well known, It is also generally known that there are four different types of chain stitch formations; namely an open formation over one needle, a closed formation over 1one needle, an open formation over two needles, and a closed formation over two needles.
  • the warp-knit fabrics of the invention are so obtained that in the longitudinal direction of the fabric in at least one warp yarn set successive stitches are formed alternately over one needle and over two needles.
  • the stitches may all or partly be knitted in open or closed formation.
  • the stitches ⁇ over one needle may be open and those over two needles may be closed, or conversely.
  • the first yarn set and the third and following yarn sets, if any, may be knit in a random pattern.
  • warpknit fabrics ⁇ made up of two yarn sets are those in which the first set forms stitches for a tricot fabric and in which the number of yarns of the first yarn set is twice the number of yarns of the second yarn set. This means that in manufacturing such a warp-knit fabric the yarn is fed through every other eye of the bar for guiding the yarn of the second yarn set.
  • the above-described two-bar warp-knit fabrics according to the invention are stable bulky materials having a relatively low weight per square meter, which are partcularly suitable for the manufacture of night wear, sports shirts, and the like.
  • a different warp-knit fabric according to the invention which is preferred because of its high stability, bulkiness, and covering power, is warp-knit fabric of three yarn sets in which the yarns of the first set form inlays over at least two needles, and the yarns of the third yarn set are knit into a stitch pattern the same as the yarns of the second set, but so that forming of chain stitches over two needles of the third set is always one course ahead of the forming of chain stitches over two needles of the second yarn sets.
  • the ratio of the length of yarn of the sec-ond yarn set to that of the first yarn set must be ⁇ at least 1.411. If this ratio is less than 1.4: 1, the effect produced by the present invention is rarely obtained. To obtain a pronounced bulkiness, the ratio will generally be higher than l.4:1, for instance 1.811 or 2.0: 1.
  • the above ratio cannot be increased indefinitely, because at a given value thereof the yarn to be worked up can no longer be properly knitted on the usual knitting machines. Without making special provisions it will generally not be possible for the selected ratio to be higher than about 2.6011.
  • the effects produced in the case of the warp-knit fabrics according to the invention, namely, softness, bulkiness, and pleasant handle, are dependent lon the stitch pattern selected and on the magnitude of yarn ratio.
  • the ratio of the amount of yarn of the second set to that of the first set which in the case of the warp-knit fabrics according to the invention must be at least 1.421, may be set in a simple manner by controlling the rate at which the yarn is fed to the knitting machine.
  • said feed rate may generally be set by controlling the speed of the positively driven yarn beams.
  • special provisions are required to control the yarn supply.
  • Warp-knit fabrics according to the invention may be made yof smooth filament yarns of a widely differing nature.
  • suitable yarns are: dulled or nondulled, colored or noncolored rayon yarns, or yarns from polyamides such as nylon 6, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefines such as polypropylene, polyethers such as poly(2l,6-dimethylphenyleneoxide), and other thread-forming polymers which are already known.
  • the yarns may be free of twist, or have a low or a high degree of twist. Their number of component filaments and their deniers may vary widely. It will be clear that the yarns of warp-knit fabrics for upholstery purposes will have a higher denier than the yarns of warp-knit fabrics meant for clothing.
  • a yarn which is very suitable for the manufacture of warp-knit fabrics according to the invention is, for instance, a nylon 6 filament yarn which is dull (containing 2% by weight of titanium dioxide), has a draw-twist of about 20 turns per metre, a denier of 40, and is composed of 10 laments.
  • FIGURE l represents the stitch formation of the second yarn set with a warp-knit fabric in which this second yarn set forms stitches in a closed chain alternately over one and over two needles;
  • FIGURE 2 shows the same construction as FIGURE 1, except that the stitches are laid in opposite direction;
  • FIGURE 3 shows a stitch pattern which is formed when the stitches are laid in an open chain alternately over one and over two needles
  • FIGURE 4 shows the same construction as FIGURE 3, except that the stitches are laid in opposite direction;
  • FIGURE 5 shows the stitch pattern formed when the stitches are made alternately in a closed chain over one needle and in an open chain over two needles;
  • FIGURE 6 shows the stitch patter-n formed when the stitches are made alternately in an open chain over one needle and a closed chain over two needles
  • FIGURE 7 shows the stitch pattern for a warp-knit fabric of two yarn sets I and II, in which the stitches of set II are identical with those in FIGURE 3, and yarn set I forms stitches for a tricot fabric;
  • FIGURE 8 shows the stitch pattern for a warp-knit fabric ⁇ of three yarn sets I, II, III, in which the stitches of set II are identical with those in FIGURE 3, the yarns of set I form stitches for a cloth fabric and the yarns of system III form stitches in an open chain over one needle; and,
  • FIGURE 9 also shows the stitch pattern for a warpknit fabric of three yarn sets I, II, III, in which sets II and III form the same stitch patterns as in FIGURE 8, and the yarns of the yarn set I form inlays over three needles.
  • a two-bar warp-knit fabric is made in which the yarn from one beam is knitted into stitches of the type indicated by I in FIGURE 8 and the yarn of the other beam is knitted into stitches of the type indicated by II in FIG- URE 8.
  • the ratio of the length of the yarn knitted into stitches indicated by II to that of the yarn knitted into stitches indicated by I is varied and it is found that the quality of the warp-knit fabric obtained is dependent on said ratio.
  • the yarn feed ratio of I is kept constant.
  • EXAMPLE II A three-bar warp-knit fabric is made in accordance with the stitch pattern of FIGURE 8. The relative yarn feed rates of the three yarn sets I, II, and III are varied but so that the feed rate of I is kept constant.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 0-2, 0-1, said second set having the same stitch construction as said first set only in the opposite direction, the yarns of said second set being knit such that the amount of yarn of said second set, expressed in units of length, is at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said rst set.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 0.2, 2-1, said second set having the same stitch construction as said first set only in the opposite direction, the yarns of said second set being knit such that the amount of yarn of said second set, expressed in units of length, is at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said first set.
  • a warp Aknit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 2-0, 0-1, 0-2, 2-1, said second set having the same stitch construction as said first set only in the opposite direction, the yarns of said second set being knit such that the amount of yarn of said second set, expressed in units of length, is at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said first set.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 0-2, 0-1, 2-0, 2-1,
  • Warp-knit fabric obtained said second set having the same stitch construction as said first set only in the opposite direction, the yarns of said second set being knit such that the :amount of yarn of said second set, expressed in units of length, is at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said first set.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 1-2, 1-0, said second set having a stitch construction of 0-2, 2-1, the yarns of said second set being knit such that the amount of yarn of said second set, expressed in units of length, is at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said first set.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from at least a first and second set of yarns, said first set having a stitch construction of 1-0, 2-3, said second set having a stitch construction of 0-2, 2-1, the yarns of said second set expressed in units of length being at least 1.4 to 1.8 times that of said first set.
  • a warp knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from three sets of yarns, the first set having a stitch construction of 0.0-3.3, the second set having a stitch construction of 0.2-2.1 and the third set having a stitch construction of 1.0-0.1, the yarns of said second set expressed in units of length being at least 1.4 times that of said first set.
  • a warp -knit fabric having a bulky appearance, said fabric being knitted of smooth filament yarns and formed from three sets of yarns, the first set having a stitch construction of 1.0-2.3, the second set having a stitch construction of 0.2-2.1 and the third set having a stitch construction of 1.0-0.1, the yarns of said second set expressed in units of length being at least 1.4 times that of said first set.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US739931A 1964-08-27 1968-06-04 Bulky warp-knit fabrics Expired - Lifetime US3453844A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6409907A NL6409907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1964-08-27 1964-08-27

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US3453844A true US3453844A (en) 1969-07-08

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US739931A Expired - Lifetime US3453844A (en) 1964-08-27 1968-06-04 Bulky warp-knit fabrics

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US (1) US3453844A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT263191B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE667761A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH426078A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE1927699U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES316496A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1121326A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6409907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE305276B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4064712A (en) * 1977-01-21 1977-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Warp knit product and process
US4107956A (en) * 1969-02-11 1978-08-22 Lightning Fasteners Limited Narrow fabrics
US5172570A (en) * 1990-06-28 1992-12-22 Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh Patterned fabric, process and warp knitting machine for the production thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1270619B (it) * 1994-07-14 1997-05-07 M I T I Manifattura Italiana T Metodo per la preparazione di un tessuto a maglia in catena ad armatura alveolare e tessuto cosi' ottenuto
RU2205909C2 (ru) * 2001-02-12 2003-06-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Нефтекамское производственное объединение искусственных кож" Способ производства плюшевого основовязаного полотна

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US577702A (en) * 1897-02-23 Knit fabric
US1993766A (en) * 1931-10-19 1935-03-12 Celanese Corp Knitted fabrics and the manufacture thereof
US2535376A (en) * 1948-11-30 1950-12-26 American Viscose Corp Twisted yarn-like structure and method for producing it
US2674109A (en) * 1950-06-14 1954-04-06 Bassist Rudolph Control method and system for knitting machines
US2818713A (en) * 1954-04-26 1958-01-07 F N F Machinery Mfg Company Lt Knitting machine
US2985002A (en) * 1961-05-23 aibel
US2996906A (en) * 1960-05-31 1961-08-22 Ichibe Asajiro Warp fabric with elastic yarn knitted thereinto
US3036448A (en) * 1959-08-17 1962-05-29 Burlington Industries Inc Device for producing novelty patterns
US3222893A (en) * 1961-08-03 1965-12-14 American Enka Corp Warp knit fabric
US3254510A (en) * 1962-05-11 1966-06-07 Deering Milliken Res Corp Warp knit pile fabrics

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US577702A (en) * 1897-02-23 Knit fabric
US2985002A (en) * 1961-05-23 aibel
US1993766A (en) * 1931-10-19 1935-03-12 Celanese Corp Knitted fabrics and the manufacture thereof
US2535376A (en) * 1948-11-30 1950-12-26 American Viscose Corp Twisted yarn-like structure and method for producing it
US2674109A (en) * 1950-06-14 1954-04-06 Bassist Rudolph Control method and system for knitting machines
US2818713A (en) * 1954-04-26 1958-01-07 F N F Machinery Mfg Company Lt Knitting machine
US3036448A (en) * 1959-08-17 1962-05-29 Burlington Industries Inc Device for producing novelty patterns
US2996906A (en) * 1960-05-31 1961-08-22 Ichibe Asajiro Warp fabric with elastic yarn knitted thereinto
US3222893A (en) * 1961-08-03 1965-12-14 American Enka Corp Warp knit fabric
US3254510A (en) * 1962-05-11 1966-06-07 Deering Milliken Res Corp Warp knit pile fabrics

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4107956A (en) * 1969-02-11 1978-08-22 Lightning Fasteners Limited Narrow fabrics
US4064712A (en) * 1977-01-21 1977-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Warp knit product and process
US5172570A (en) * 1990-06-28 1992-12-22 Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh Patterned fabric, process and warp knitting machine for the production thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE667761A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-12-01
GB1121326A (en) 1968-07-24
DE1585271A1 (de) 1970-12-10
SE305276B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-10-21
NL6409907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-02-28
DE1927699U (de) 1965-11-25
CH426078A (de) 1966-12-15
AT263191B (de) 1968-07-10
ES316496A1 (es) 1965-11-16

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