US3451921A - Coke production - Google Patents

Coke production Download PDF

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Publication number
US3451921A
US3451921A US427928A US3451921DA US3451921A US 3451921 A US3451921 A US 3451921A US 427928 A US427928 A US 427928A US 3451921D A US3451921D A US 3451921DA US 3451921 A US3451921 A US 3451921A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
coke
pyrolysis fuel
thermal expansion
employed
graphite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US427928A
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English (en)
Inventor
Milton Janes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Carbide Corp
Original Assignee
Union Carbide Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Carbide Corp filed Critical Union Carbide Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3451921A publication Critical patent/US3451921A/en
Assigned to MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MORGAN BANK ( DELAWARE ) AS COLLATERAL ( AGENTS ) SEE RECORD FOR THE REMAINING ASSIGNEES. reassignment MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MORGAN BANK ( DELAWARE ) AS COLLATERAL ( AGENTS ) SEE RECORD FOR THE REMAINING ASSIGNEES. MORTGAGE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STP CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.,, UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS CO., INC., A CORP. OF PA.,, UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A CORP.,, UNION CARBIDE EUROPE S.A., A SWISS CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, reassignment UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MORGAN BANK (DELAWARE) AS COLLATERAL AGENT
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/04—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general using charges of special composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B55/00—Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for manufacturing coke from pyrolysis fuel oil. More particularly, the invention is concerned with methods for producing so-called delayed coke.
  • Delayed coking is a process which employs a preheating treatment and a coking chamber designed to accumulate substantial quantities of coke between cleanings.
  • Generall two vertical coke drums are employed, one being in service while the other is decoked.
  • Reaction temperatures from 700 F, to 900 F. are employed in the chamber.
  • Delayed coke usually is large particled, and has a high density. For this reason it has been employed extensively in the production of graphite electrodes.
  • Electrodes carrying current into a furnace become hotter in the center than on the outside. Because of this temperature gradient the center expands more than the outside of the electrode, thereby generating stresses which tend to produce ruptures. Another temperature gradient exists at the arc tip of the electrode; here again an unequal expansion produces stresses which cause spalling. In order to minimize these stresses and keep them Within the limit of the breaking strength of the electrode material, the coefficient of thermal expansion, therefore, should be kept as low as possible.
  • the thermal expansion of graphite electrodes depends upon three main factors: l) the kind of coke base material, (2) the method of forming, and (3) the size of the carbonaceous particles employed. Actually there are two values for the coeflicient of thermal expansion of graphite articles, since graphite articles are anisotropic. One value of expansion is parallel to the length; the other parallels the diameter of the article, The longitudinal coefficient of thermal expansion is a fundamental property of the coke from which the electrode is manufactured. The importance of this coefficient is that it directly determines the thermal strains to which an electrode may be subjected during use.
  • the process by which the raw material employed in the present invention is obtained is the following: Petroleum distillate fractions are cracked in a tubular furnace in the presence of steam or other inert diluent gas such as methane under severe conditions of thermal cracking, in a range of temperature from 550 C. to 800 C. with the preferred range being from 650 C. to 775 C.
  • the purpose of this process is generally to produce olefinic gases, such as ethylene, propylene and butylene
  • a heavy high-boiling fraction-pyrolysis fuel oil is condensed from the effluent from the cracking furnace as a by-product.
  • the pyrolysis fuel oil is rendered substantially anhydrous by distillation.
  • the oil is characterized by a high content of high molecular weight (above 250) condensed polycyclic hydrocarbons containing at least four condensed rings and having a boiling point in excess of 315 C.
  • high molecular weight above 250
  • condensed polycyclic hydrocarbons containing at least four condensed rings and having a boiling point in excess of 315 C.
  • the charge produced and collected as indicated above is fed to a delayed coker of conventional design, having means for the regulation of temperature, pressure and rate of recycling.
  • -Raw coke is produced in the coke drum of the delayed coker under a pressure of 30 to 50 pounds per square inch, and calcined at about 1350 C.
  • the end product then may be sized and employed, for example, in the fabrication of graphite electrodes.
  • Table I below appear data showing the percentage of coke obtained with various samples, the compositions of some of which are given in Table II. Also appearing in Table I are the mean coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) measured over the temperature range of 15 to C., and specific electrical resistance of graphite rods fabricated from the given cokes, together with the same properties observed in graphite produced from con- ICC 3 ventional coke obtained from vacuum tower bottoms (listed as sample 2318 in the tables). It will be noted from Table I that the sulfur and vanadium content of sample 2318 greatly exceeded that in the samples treated in the manner of the invention.
  • CTE coefficients of thermal expansion
  • the pyrolysis fuel oils which are generated in the production of olefins by processes other than steam dilution in tubular furnaces as disclosed hereinbefore are suitable for coking in the manner disclosed.
  • the pyrolysis fuel oils from processes for olefin production utilizing recirculating granular or powdered ceramic solids, as disclosed in US. Patent 2,432,298 and 2,436,254, or carbonaceous solids (as disclosed in the Petroleum Refiner, vol. 34, October 1955, pp. 139-140) may also be used.
  • a process for producing coke having a low sulfur content and a vanadium content of less than 20 parts per million comprising feeding to a delayed coker a pyrolysis fuel oil fraction obtained by cracking petroleum distillate fractions in the presence of a diluent gas at essentially atmospheric pressure and at a temperature range of 650 C. to 775 C. so as to produce olefinic gases and said pyrolysis fuel oil fraction, and coking said pyrolysis fuel oil fraction.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
US427928A 1965-01-25 1965-01-25 Coke production Expired - Lifetime US3451921A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US42792865A 1965-01-25 1965-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3451921A true US3451921A (en) 1969-06-24

Family

ID=23696869

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US427928A Expired - Lifetime US3451921A (en) 1965-01-25 1965-01-25 Coke production

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3451921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5125361B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE675451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1571689B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1137082A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6600946A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043898A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-08-23 Continental Oil Company Control of feedstock for delayed coking
US4740293A (en) * 1981-12-29 1988-04-26 Union Carbide Corporation Premium coke from a blend of pyrolysis tar and hydrotreated decant oil
US4874505A (en) * 1988-02-02 1989-10-17 Mobil Oil Corporation Recycle of oily refinery wastes
RU2179176C2 (ru) * 1999-07-13 2002-02-10 ОАО "Сибнефть-Омский НПЗ" Способ получения малосернистого электродного кокса
US20080026088A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-01-31 Metaproteomics, Llc Reduced isoalpha acid based protein kinase modulation cancer treatment
US20090000425A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2009-01-01 Sgl Carbon Ag Graphite Electrode for Electrothermic Reduction Furnaces, Electrode Column, and Method of Producing Graphite Electrodes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ217510A (en) * 1985-09-12 1989-09-27 Comalco Alu Process for producing high purity coke by flash pyrolysis-delayed coking method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775549A (en) * 1954-01-25 1956-12-25 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Production of coke from petroleum hydrocarbons
US3326796A (en) * 1964-06-22 1967-06-20 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Production of electrode grade petroleum coke
US3349024A (en) * 1964-11-17 1967-10-24 Phillips Petroleum Co Maintaining pressure in a hydrocarbon thermalcracking zone

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2198557A (en) * 1938-09-13 1940-04-23 Florez Engineering Co Inc De Cracking hydrocarbon oils
DE1111146B (de) * 1954-03-22 1961-07-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung von Wirbelschicht-Petrolkoks fuer die Herstellung vonElektroden
AT199161B (de) * 1956-09-19 1958-08-25 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Petrolkokses mit nadelartiger Struktur
NL231061A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1958-05-08
FR76254E (fr) * 1958-05-08 1961-09-29 Bataafsche Petroleum Procédé de fabrication de coke de pétrole pouvant être transformé en graphite modérateur pour réacteurs nucléaires
GB874439A (en) * 1958-09-03 1961-08-10 Shell Int Research Improvements in or relating to the production of petroleum coke
US3116231A (en) * 1960-08-22 1963-12-31 Continental Oil Co Manufacture of petroleum coke
FR1314633A (fr) * 1962-01-19 1963-01-11 Continental Oil Co Procédé de production de coke

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775549A (en) * 1954-01-25 1956-12-25 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Production of coke from petroleum hydrocarbons
US3326796A (en) * 1964-06-22 1967-06-20 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Production of electrode grade petroleum coke
US3349024A (en) * 1964-11-17 1967-10-24 Phillips Petroleum Co Maintaining pressure in a hydrocarbon thermalcracking zone

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043898A (en) * 1975-08-25 1977-08-23 Continental Oil Company Control of feedstock for delayed coking
US4740293A (en) * 1981-12-29 1988-04-26 Union Carbide Corporation Premium coke from a blend of pyrolysis tar and hydrotreated decant oil
US4874505A (en) * 1988-02-02 1989-10-17 Mobil Oil Corporation Recycle of oily refinery wastes
RU2179176C2 (ru) * 1999-07-13 2002-02-10 ОАО "Сибнефть-Омский НПЗ" Способ получения малосернистого электродного кокса
US20090000425A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2009-01-01 Sgl Carbon Ag Graphite Electrode for Electrothermic Reduction Furnaces, Electrode Column, and Method of Producing Graphite Electrodes
US7794519B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2010-09-14 Sgl Carbon Se Graphite electrode for electrothermic reduction furnaces, electrode column, and method of producing graphite electrodes
US20080026088A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-01-31 Metaproteomics, Llc Reduced isoalpha acid based protein kinase modulation cancer treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE675451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-05-16
NL6600946A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-07-26
JPS5125361B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-07-30
GB1137082A (en) 1968-12-18
DE1571689B1 (de) 1970-11-12

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Legal Events

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AS Assignment

Owner name: MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MOR

Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNORS:UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A CORP.,;STP CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.,;UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS CO., INC., A CORP. OF PA.,;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004547/0001

Effective date: 19860106

AS Assignment

Owner name: UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION,

Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:MORGAN BANK (DELAWARE) AS COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:004665/0131

Effective date: 19860925