US3451603A - Method and device for adjusting the tension of yarn fed to a yarn-consuming machine - Google Patents

Method and device for adjusting the tension of yarn fed to a yarn-consuming machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3451603A
US3451603A US550715A US3451603DA US3451603A US 3451603 A US3451603 A US 3451603A US 550715 A US550715 A US 550715A US 3451603D A US3451603D A US 3451603DA US 3451603 A US3451603 A US 3451603A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
tension
drum
speed
stretch
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Expired - Lifetime
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US550715A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bernard Francois Helffer
Jean-Pierre A Raisin
Eugene J Voisin
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Institut Textile de France
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Institut Textile de France
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR54864A external-priority patent/FR90557E/fr
Application filed by Institut Textile de France filed Critical Institut Textile de France
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Publication of US3451603A publication Critical patent/US3451603A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/38—Devices for supplying, feeding, or guiding threads to needles
    • D04B15/48—Thread-feeding devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a yarn feed device and method intended to be used primarily for feeding hosiery knitting or other yarn-consuming machines.
  • the yarn On a knitting machine, the yarn, while passing through a certain number of straddling devices such as yarn guides, yarn breakers, throwers and the like, is fed from the bobbin to the needles without being controlled, at any point in its path, by a device for checking its unwinding speed.
  • straddling devices such as yarn guides, yarn breakers, throwers and the like
  • the unwinding of the yarn is not uniform, either as between one yarn and another, or as between one portion and another of the same yarn. This is mainly due to the frictional forces to which the yarn is subjected at various points before its reaches the needles. While the yarn is leaving the spool, moreover, the latter is frequently jerked, which also contributes to the creation of undesirable irregularities.
  • a yarn feed device with which either the tension or the speed of the thread might be regulated.
  • One such yarn feed device with which the speed of the yarn can be kept constant, consists of a frusto-conical drum, mounted to rotate about its longitudinal axis, and a yarn guide fixed rigidly to a lever, to the other end of which is fitted a restoring spring that causes the lever to swing, to a certain extent, so that the yarn passing through the guide is wound once or several times round the frusto-conical drum and rises towards the top or falls towards the base of the drum, in order to keep the thread under constant tension.
  • the speed of the yarn as it leaves the drum varies with the changes in the drum diameter where the yarn is wound on to it.
  • Another previously suggested yarn feed which consists likewise of a frusto-conical drum and a yarn guide movable on an axis parallel to one position of the line generating the inclined face of the frusto-conical drum, enables the speed at which the yarn leaves the drum to be kept constant.
  • the yarn is wound once around the drum, to the face of which it adheres strongly, this face generally being made of a material possessing a high coefficient of friction, such as rubber.
  • the yarn will leave the drum at a constant speed, that is to say, giving a constant feed but, with this device, one cannot closely control the thread tension in the case of a textured yarn.
  • This feed device comprises a drum to which rotary motion is imparted and which consists of two truncated cones following each other along the axis of the drum and joined by a frusto-conical bevel, associated yarn guides being so placed in relation to the drum that the yarn, during the first part of its path from bobbin to needle, makes contact with "the first truncated cone along an arc of a circle and then, during the second part of its path, firstly with the same truncated cone along a helical path diametrically opposite the circular arc and then with the frusto-conical bevel, the yarn finally making contact, during a third part of its path, with the second truncated cone along a circular are equal to that defined on the first truncated cone by the first part of the path of the yarn.
  • the yarn is subjected to a given tension during the first part of this path, to a higher tension during the second part of its path and, finally, in the third part of its path to a tension equal to the first.
  • this yarn feed prevents the thread from slipping on the drum.
  • High-stretch yarns such as crimped yarns, elastomers and the like, are known to be characterised by very high variations in stretch for very small changes in loading force. If we look at the load/stretch curve for such a yarn, we find that, in an initial zone which we may call the uncurling, uncrimping, or curl-elongation zone, the variations in stretch for small changes in load are very large. Beyond this zone the variation with load in the stretch of the yarn is very small, even for considerable changes in tension or loading. The length (in other Words, the speed) of a high-stretch yarn could therefore be controlled if the tension applied to it lay beyond the uncurling zone.
  • the tension should be higher than 0.1 gramme/denier, or 0.9 g./tex. Even for a ZOO-denier thread, however, this would make a tension equivalent to a load of 20 g.; and in the case of a textured yarn used in a knitting machine, one cannot knit at such high tensions without running into trouble.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and feed device whereby yarn consuming machines, and knitting machines in particular, can be fed with high-stretch yarn at substantially constant speed and under substantially constant tension.
  • a method of feeding high-stretch yarn to a yarn-consuming machine at constant speed and tension comprising the steps of supplying the yarn at a high but uncontrolled tension over a first part of its path, imparting to the yarn a constant speed and high tension over a second part of its path, the said high tension being beyond the decrimping tension of the load/stretch curve of the yarn, and easing said high tension in the yarn over a third part of 3 its path so as to achieve a relatively lower delivery tension, the value of which lower tension lies below decrimping tension point of the said curve.
  • a yarn feed device for feeding a high-stretch yarn to a yarn-consuming machine at a constant speed and tension
  • said device comprising means for supplying the yarn at a high but uncontrolled tension over a first part of its path, means for imparting to the yarn a constant speed and a high tension over a second part of its path, the said high tension being beyond the decrimping tension of the load/stretch curve of the yarn, and means for casing in the yarn said high tension over a third part of its path so as to achieve a relatively lower delivery tension, the value of which lower tension lies below the decrirnping tension of the said curve.
  • decrimping tension when used herein means the tension required to remove substantially all of the crimping from a given yarn.
  • the yarn feed device mentioned above requires the yarn to be removed from the various yarn guides, which always involves stopping the machines for an appreciable time. This drawback becomes particularly manifest where knitting is not continuous; such as in the case ef machines for forming continuous edge ribs or stocking knitting machines.
  • the present invention also relates to a yarn feed device which enables the knitting machine with which it is associated to pass readily and without waste of time from continuous to non-continuous knitting and to restore tension under these conditions.
  • At least the delivery drum of the yarn feed device is fitted with a member, which can be moved clear, the purpose of which is to hold the yarn against and to prevent it from slipping on part of the periphery of the delivery drum.
  • FIGURE 1 is a graph of the load/ stretch curve illustrating hysteresis of a textured thread, for example, Helanca-IOO-d (registered trademark);
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a thread feed device in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is an end elevation of the feed device of FIGURE 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is an end elevation of a second embodiment of the feed device.
  • FIGURE 5 is an end elevation of a third embodiment feed device.
  • the abscissae represent the loading in grammes applied to a textured thread (crimped yarn) of given initial length 0.50 m., the ordinates representing the stretch (L) in centimetres corresponding to a given loading.
  • High-stretch yarns such as crimped yarn, elastomer filaments and the like are known to be characterised by very high variations in stretch for small changes in loading.
  • the yarn feed devices in accordance with the invention serve to apply the results of this experiment.
  • the device comprises two frusto-conical drums A and B, of suitable dimensions for covering the entire range of tightness of the knitting or other yarn-consuming machines.
  • These two drums may be identical to or differently shaped from each other.
  • they are situated side by side with their axes parallel and are covered with a facing having a high co-efficient of friction to prevent the yarn from slipping.
  • This facing may, for example, be made of rubber.
  • On the base of each of the frustoconical drums is mounted a pinion, the pinion spindles being journalled in suitable bearings (not shown).
  • a gearwheel mounted between the two drums meshes with each of the drum pinions.
  • Each driving drum A and B is associated with a take-up yarn guide 1 and 3 respectively, and a delivery yarn guide 2 and 4 respectively.
  • Take-up yarn guides 1 and 3 and delivery yarn guides 2 and 4 are rigidly attached to runners 5 and 6 respectively, mounted on a worm thread 7 and 8 respectively, along which they can move axially.
  • a separate guide rod (not shown) passes through each runner 5 and 6 in order to prevent its rotation about thread 7 or 8.
  • Each worm thread lies near the corresponding frusto-conical drum and parallel to a line generating the sloping face thereof or to the axis thereof.
  • Yarn F arriving at an uncontrolled speed and tension from a supply bobbin (not shown), passes through the take-up yarn guide 1 of the first drum A, passes once completely around this drum and through the delivery thread guide 2. and is then led, to the take-up yarn guide 3 of the second drum B. The yarn then passes once completely around the drum B and on through the delivery yarn guide 4, before being taken to the knocking-down cam and from there to the needles.
  • Each drum A and B enables yarn to be delivered at a given constant speed for a given speed of rotation, which is the same for each drum, the speed of delivery of the yarn from each drum being determined by the diameter of that section of the drum around which the yarn is Wound.
  • Three cases can arise: the yarn delivery speed of the drum A is lower than the yarn delivery speed of the drum B; or the delivery speed from drum A is equal to that from the drum B; or the delivery speed from the drum A is higher than that from the drum B. It is only the first of these cases with which this embodiment is concerned.
  • the intermediate tension T is up to times higher than the tension at delivery.
  • the positioning of the runner 6, with its yarn guides 3 and 4 makes it possible, after passing partly around the drum B, which constitutes a second part of its path, to obtain from the second drum the yarn delivery speed at a third part of its path requisite for the desired length of stitch.
  • the positioning of the runner 5, with its yarn guides 1 and 2 enables the speed of delivery of the yarn from the first drum A, to be so determined as to produce the correct intermediate tension T between the drums A and B.
  • the take-up speed T of the yarn F prior to its admission to the feed device at the yarn guide 1 may vary and may be of any value.
  • the delivery tension T of the yarn F after its passage through the feed device and between this and the yarn-consuming machine is regulated to the desired value by suitable positioning of the knocking-down cam of the knitting machine (not shown).
  • the feed device can be used not only with a hosiery knitting machine, but can also be applied to any machine or mechanism which requires yarn at a strictly controlled speed and tension.
  • a yarn feed device shown in FIGURES 4 and 5 has two cylindrical driving drums 11 and 12 spaced apart from each other.
  • the take-up drum 11 turns at a lower peripheral speed than the delivery drum 12.
  • the drums 11 and 12 may be driven by a single motor, a variable speed gear box (not shown) being interposed between the two drums to provide any desired differences in the peripheral speeds.
  • the delivery drum 12 is provided with a device 13 for holding the yarn in engagement with part of the surface of the drum 12.
  • This device 13 consists of two rollers 14 and 15, spaced apart from each other and mounted on one and the same support (not shown). This support is adjustable and enables the rollers 14 and 15 to be brought towards or moved away from the drum 12.
  • the two rollers 14 and 15 carry an endless belt 16, which, like the drum 12, has a high coefiicient of friction.
  • the endless belt is driven either by one of the rollers 14 and 15 or by the drum 12.
  • the yarn F passes around the first drum 11, without the friction force necessarily being the same between the starting up and the normal running of the feed device.
  • yarn F is applied against part of the face of the drum 12 by the endless belt of the device 13.
  • the yarn F moves at the same speed as any point on the periphery of the drum 12. Since the peripheral speed of the drum 12 is higher than that of the drum 11, yarn F undergoes stretching while passing between these two drums, accompanied by the intermediate tension hereinbefore referred to.
  • the device 13 For the knitting of adjoining edges or heel reinforcements, the device 13 is moved clear of the drum 12. By reason of its being wound around the drum 11, the yarn F is still well controlled as regards tension.
  • the take-up drurn 11 in the yarn-feed device is likewise provived with a device 13- for holding the yarn in engagement with the drum 11, which is the same as the device 13 on the other drum 12 (FIGURE 4 or 5).
  • the components of the device 13 are identical to those of the device 13 and have therefore been numbered similarly, with the addition of a prime.
  • the yarn F is thus firmly held against both drums 11 and 12 and is bound to move at speeds equal to the peripheral speeds of the two drums. Because of the difference in speed between the first drum and the second, the yarn F is subjected to tension between drums 11 and 12. To free the yarn F, all that is required is to move devices 13 and 13 away from drums 11 and 12. It is equally possible, of course, for these devices 13 and 13' to be stationary and for drums 11 and 12 to be adjustable in relation to them.
  • a method of feeding high stretch yarn to a hosieryknitting or other yarn-consuming machine at constant speed and tension comprising the steps of supplying the yarn at an uncontrolled tension, imparting to the yarn over a first part of its path a constant speed and a tension which is higher than the decrimping tension, and easing the said imparted tension over a second part of its path so that the yarn assumes a hysteresis characteristic relative to the stretch/load curve of the yarn produced by the application of said imparted tension such that at a third part of its path a delivery tension is achieved which is lower than the decrimping tension whilst permitting a variation of tension to be tolerated without the production of appreciable variation in length of the yarn.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Forwarding And Storing Of Filamentary Material (AREA)
US550715A 1965-05-18 1966-05-17 Method and device for adjusting the tension of yarn fed to a yarn-consuming machine Expired - Lifetime US3451603A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR17408A FR1490470A (fr) 1965-05-18 1965-05-18 Procédé d'alimentation des métiers de bonneterie en fils à fort allongement, à un débit et à une tension constants et fournisseur de fils permettant la réalisation dudit procédé
FR54864A FR90557E (fr) 1965-05-18 1966-03-24 Procédé d'alimentation des métiers de bonneterie en fils à fort allongement, à un débit et à une tension constants et fournisseur de fils permettant la réalisation dudit procédé

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3451603A true US3451603A (en) 1969-06-24

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US550715A Expired - Lifetime US3451603A (en) 1965-05-18 1966-05-17 Method and device for adjusting the tension of yarn fed to a yarn-consuming machine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3451603A (xx)
BE (1) BE680829A (xx)
CH (1) CH484308A (xx)
DE (1) DE1585111C3 (xx)
ES (2) ES327343A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1490470A (xx)
GB (1) GB1143950A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625444A (en) * 1970-01-28 1971-12-07 Fouquet Werk Frauz & Plank Fa Thread supply apparatus for textile machinery
US3722231A (en) * 1969-03-13 1973-03-27 Triplite Ltd Method and means for circular knitting
US4625528A (en) * 1983-10-07 1986-12-02 Jumberca, S.A. Yarn feed device for a circular knitting machine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH635146A5 (de) * 1979-03-01 1983-03-15 Sulzer Ag Vorrichtung zur messung von fadenfoermigem material.
DE19813351A1 (de) * 1998-03-26 1999-09-30 Memminger Iro Gmbh Trägheitsarmer Positivfournisseur für Elastomerfäden

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB324785A (en) * 1929-01-04 1930-02-06 Horace Richard Hulme Improvements in or relating to knitting machines
US2410419A (en) * 1943-08-19 1946-11-05 Du Pont Snubber roller
US3099143A (en) * 1961-04-13 1963-07-30 Scott & Williams Inc Elastic yarn feeder for knitting machines
US3112054A (en) * 1961-02-07 1963-11-26 Fleissner G M B H Fa Apparatus for orienting textile bands
US3184820A (en) * 1963-04-29 1965-05-25 Maurice S Kanbar Apparatus for orienting the structure of synthetic yarn

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB324785A (en) * 1929-01-04 1930-02-06 Horace Richard Hulme Improvements in or relating to knitting machines
US2410419A (en) * 1943-08-19 1946-11-05 Du Pont Snubber roller
US3112054A (en) * 1961-02-07 1963-11-26 Fleissner G M B H Fa Apparatus for orienting textile bands
US3099143A (en) * 1961-04-13 1963-07-30 Scott & Williams Inc Elastic yarn feeder for knitting machines
US3184820A (en) * 1963-04-29 1965-05-25 Maurice S Kanbar Apparatus for orienting the structure of synthetic yarn

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722231A (en) * 1969-03-13 1973-03-27 Triplite Ltd Method and means for circular knitting
US3625444A (en) * 1970-01-28 1971-12-07 Fouquet Werk Frauz & Plank Fa Thread supply apparatus for textile machinery
US4625528A (en) * 1983-10-07 1986-12-02 Jumberca, S.A. Yarn feed device for a circular knitting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1585111A1 (de) 1971-04-22
BE680829A (xx) 1966-11-10
CH484308A (fr) 1970-01-15
GB1143950A (en) 1969-02-26
ES327343A1 (es) 1967-09-01
DE1585111B2 (de) 1974-10-17
FR1490470A (fr) 1967-08-04
DE1585111C3 (de) 1975-06-05
ES327342A1 (es) 1967-09-01

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