US3451559A - Non-slewing luffing crane - Google Patents

Non-slewing luffing crane Download PDF

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Publication number
US3451559A
US3451559A US654574A US3451559DA US3451559A US 3451559 A US3451559 A US 3451559A US 654574 A US654574 A US 654574A US 3451559D A US3451559D A US 3451559DA US 3451559 A US3451559 A US 3451559A
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Prior art keywords
jib
arm
crane
point
luffing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US654574A
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English (en)
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Avery Alfred Simpson Haines
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Individual
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Priority claimed from AU10230/66A external-priority patent/AU404800B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B66C23/08—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements and adapted to move the loads in predetermined paths
    • B66C23/10—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements and adapted to move the loads in predetermined paths the paths being substantially horizontal; Level-luffing jib-cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C2700/00—Cranes
    • B66C2700/03—Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes
    • B66C2700/0307—Cranes in which it is essential that the load is moving horizontally during the luffing movement of the arm or jib
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C2700/00—Cranes
    • B66C2700/03—Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes
    • B66C2700/0307—Cranes in which it is essential that the load is moving horizontally during the luffing movement of the arm or jib
    • B66C2700/0314—Cranes in which it is essential that the load is moving horizontally during the luffing movement of the arm or jib in combination with the movement of the counterweight

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a non-slewing luffing crane wherein the load to be hoisted is lifted from one position and is moved directly to be set down in another position.
  • the object of this invention therefore is to provide a crane which does not have the above disadvantages, is inexpensive and which will move loads faster and at a lower cost than previously used cranes.
  • a non-slewing luffing crane which has a jib mounted adjacent its lower end on a supporting frame, for pivotal movement from side to side in a substantially vertical plane, with a lufling arm pivoted on the upper end of the jib, for rotation in a substantially vertical plane parallel to the plane of movement of the jib, with a restraining means pivotally connected at one end thereof to one end of the lufiing arm, the other end of the restraining means being capable of pivotal movement on the supporting frame.
  • the intermediate pivot point of the luffing arm is so chosen that the other end of the arm moves along a substantially straight horizontal line as the jib moves from side to side.
  • the restraining means is in the form of a substantially triangular yoke member, the base of which has a pair of recesses adapted' to engage respective roller members mounted on the frame to permit the pivotal movement on said frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic front elevation of a preferred form of the inventive non-slewing lulfing crane
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the crane of FIG. 1, shown with a different relative position of some parts
  • FIG. 3 is a front elevation of a spreader arm used in "ice the crane to eliminate twisting of the hoist rope, and a multi-handling bridge;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, with the bridge only schematically shown;
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation of a modified embodiment of a lufi'ing arm, somewhat similar to FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevation of FIG. 5, corresponding to portions of FIG. 1, with the modification included.
  • a base frame 1 of the crane stands on four legs 2.
  • a traversing gear 1a is shown on rails 2a, in broken lines, under the legs 2 to illustrate an exemplary, conventional manner in which the crane may be mounted, but this gear is not included in the invention.
  • the main base hinge of the crane consists of a torque tube 8 mounted near each end in bearings 14, 1 5 which are fixed to the base frame 1 so that the torque tube 8 is free to rotate about a substantially horizontal center line.
  • the jib of the crane is shown as a column divided into two legs 12 which are fixed together and secured to the front end of torque tube 8.
  • a hoist-rope pulley block 20 is mounted in the lower end of the jib 12.
  • a hollow lufiing-arm pivot 25 is fixed to the top of the jib and projects both to the front and to the rear.
  • a luffing arm 29 with a crank arm 28 fixed to it is pivoted on bearings 24, 26, and a thrust bearing is mounted within bearing 24 to bear against the end of pivot arm 25 and take the thrust from the hoist rope 21, mentioned before, where the latter passes over a pulley 23 on arm 29.
  • a pulley 22 is mounted in the top of the jib 12 so that hoist rope 21 is substantially coaxial with the hollow center of pivot 25 where the rope 21 passes between pulleys 23, 22.
  • a yoke 4, 9, 10, triangular in shape, is hung at the top from a bearing 27 pivoted on the extremity of lufiing crank arm 28.
  • Yoke legs 9, 10 are fixed together at the top as well as to the extremities of yoke base 4.
  • a girdle 13 is fixed to and near the top of the jib legs 12 in front and is passes clear around yoke 4, 9, 10. From the rear of girdle 13, two back stays are fixed at the top, and at the bottom they are secured to the rear end of torque tube 8.
  • a machinery cradle 17 is underslung from torque tube 8 through an opening in base frame 1.
  • a counterweight 16 is fixed to therear extremity of torque tube 8, and designed to counterbalance the dead weight of the moving mechanism so that it hinges and swings freely about the center of bearings 14, 15.
  • Twin side stays welded to base frame 1 sand vertically on two twin legs 3 which are connected by horizontal members at the top, as illustrated, and stiffened by two twin stays 5. These also brace the base frame 1 against the loading from torque tube bearing 14. At the top of these twin side stays 5, rollers 6, 7 are mounted on pins fixed between the stays. Yoke base 4 has recesses 4a near the inner ends, which are fitted to engage around rollers 6, 7.
  • two pulleys 30, 31 are fixed to a beam portion 34 so that hoist rope 21 passes between them and along the center of arm 29.
  • a hoist winch 21' (dotted or broken) is mounted in cradle 17 so that hoist rope 21 may be wound around the winch drum.
  • Point A represents the center of bearing 27.
  • Point B represents the center of bearings 24, 26.
  • Point C represents the point between pulleys, 30, 31.
  • point D represents the center of bearings 14, 15.
  • Line W represents the distance between the centers of rollers 6, 7.
  • Lines X and Y represent the distances between the centers of respective rollers 7 and 6, on the one hand, and bearing 27, on the other, when the jib 12 and the lutting arm 29 stand vertically.
  • Radii X, Y are equal in length.
  • line Z represents the distance between any position of points B and D.
  • FIG. 1 shows the jib 12 reaching to one extremity on the right hand of the observer.
  • point B moves along the arc of a circle, shown by line B, with radius Z, about point D; and point A at the same time moves along the arc of a circle, with radius X, about the center of roller 7 until it reaches a position vertically above point D, from where point A moves on a similar arc, with radius Y, about roller 6 until it reaches the left-hand extremity so that the locus of point A is represented by the composite line (with relatively heavy dots) running between points C, A, A, A and C again.
  • base 4 of yoke 4, 9, rotates on roller 7 while the jib 12 is to the right of the center, and on roller 6 while the jib is left of center.
  • the locus of point C is represented by an almost level line (with small dots) between points C, C and C. This locus may be given any desired characteristics by the selection of suitable relationships between the respective pivot centers A to D and the radii W to Z.
  • the hoist rope 21 changes from rotating about pulley 31 to pulley as it passes across the center of the crane (above point D).
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show how the hoist rope 21 may be prevented from twisting. This arrangement gives the lifting tackle a mechanical advantage.
  • An anti-twisting spreader arm 34a constituting the afore-mentioned beam portion (34 in FIG. 1), is pivoted about point C on a pivot 32 projecting from the outer or lower end of lufiing arm 29.
  • the afore-mentioned pulley 30 is housed in spreader arm 34a to clear pivot 32 so that hoist rope 21 may pass between them.
  • the second pulley is placed as shown by 31a on the extremity of spreader arm 34a.
  • Hoist rope 21 passes over pulley 31a, thence around a further pulley or block 36, freely suspended on rope 21, and over a rounded groove in the opposite end of spreader arm 34a, terminating in a rope fastener 35.
  • This provides the hoist rope with a mechanical advantage of two.
  • the mechanical advantage may be raised by multiples of two.
  • a single load may be engaged by attachment to suspended pulley block 36, but if it is desired to handle more than one load of equal or near equal weight simultaneously, a bridge 38 may be slung from a pivot 37 on block 36, and shackles or hooks 39 provided. This bridge 38 may be placed transversely to the side lufiing movement of arm 29, as shown dotted in FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 The modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has been devised for handling multiple crane loads which may vary in overall dimensions and weight.
  • a crane of this description could be designed to handle a container 24' by 8 by 8', weighing twenty-one tons, or three containers simultaneously, each 8' by 8 by 8' but not necessarily of equal weight, say five tons, nine tons and seven tons; or two containers, one being 16 by 8' by 8 and the other 8' by 8' by 8'.
  • the crane is provided with a winch drum which accommodates two separate but similar hoist ropes 21a and 21b, one around each end of the drum (not shown), so that both ropes are wound in or paid out at the same rate simultaneously.
  • the outer or lower end of a modified luffing arm 29a, 29b forks into two separate arms, and one of the two hoist ropes is led down each of the two arms, to support the ends of a cradle 43 suspended vertically below so that the cradle hangs horizontally from front to rear.
  • a torque tube 8a is inserted as a major horizontal member to resist the torsion between the inner or upper crank arm 28 and the outer or lower divided arm 29a, 29b, and stitfeners 45 are added to re sist bending moment.
  • Bearings 24a, 26b are attached under torque tube 8a and they provide a hollow pivot on top of jib 12 (broken away) so that the hoist ropes 21a, 21b pass around respective pulleys 22a, 22b, then through a hollow tube connected to lower arm 29b.
  • Both hoist ropes continue horizontally and pass around twin pulleys 23a, 23b, and from this point the path of the twin ropes divides.
  • Hoist rope 21a passes vertically down arm 29a and around an idler pulley 30a, thence around a pully block system 41a, 42a, while hoist rope 21b passes from pulley 23b around idlers 23c, 30b, and thence around pulley blocks 41b, 42b.
  • Pulley assemblies 41, 42 (including elements 41a, 41b and 42a, 42b) need not necessarily be installed in any particular design since each hoist rope could be arranged to pass between a pair of pulleys, e.g. 30 and 31, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the ropes could then be directly shackled to the afore-mentioned cradle 43.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are drawn to show a specific loading attachment, and how the hoist ropes may be given a mechanical advantage over the weight supported by cradle 43.
  • Lift points 44 are fixed to the underside of cradle 43 to which any desired additional lifting equipment may be shackled.
  • a non-slewing luffing crane comprising a supporting frame, a jib mounted adjacent its lower end on said frame about a substantially horizontal axis for pivotal movement from side to side in a substantially vertical plane,
  • a side lufiing arm pivoted on the upper end of said jib about a point intermediate its ends for rotation in a substantially vertical plane parallel to the plane of movement of said jib, and restraining means pivotally connected at one end thereof to one end of said lufling arm, the other end of said restraining means being capable of pivotal movement on said frame, the intermediate pivot point on said lufiing arm being chosen so that the other end of said lufiing arm is capable of moving along a substantially straight horizontal line as said jib moves from side to side, said restraining means, said jib, and a portion of said lufling arm between said one end thereof and said intermediate pivot point thereon constituting a trapezial linkage having a fixed pivot point in said horizontal axis at said lower end of the jib, two movable pivot points at said one end and at said intermediate pivot point of the lufling arm, as well as a fourth floating pivot point which is gradually transferred
  • a non-slewing luffing crane comprising a supporting frame, a jib mounted adjacent its lower end on said frame about a substantially horizontal axis for pivotal movement from side to side in a substantially vertical plane, a side lufiing arm pivoted on the upper end of said jib about a point intermediate its ends for rotation in a substantially vertical plane parallel to the plane of movement of said jib, and restraining means pivotally connected at one end thereof to one end of said lufiing arm, the other end of said restraining means being capable of pivotal movement on said frame, the intermediate pivot point on said luffing arm being chosen so that the other end of said luffing arm is capable of moving along a substantially straight horizontal line as said jib moves from side to side, wherein said restraining means includes a triangular yoke member pivoted about its apex on said one end of the lufling arm, the base of said yoke member being pivotable on said frame
  • a non-slewing luffing crane comprising a supporting frame, a jib mounted adjacent its lower end on said frame about a substantially horizontal axis for pivotal movement from side to side in a substantially vertical plane, a side lufiing arm pivoted on the upper end of said jib about a point intermediate its ends for rotation in a substantially vertical plane parallel to the plane of movement of said jib, and restraining means pivotally connected at one end thereof to one end of said lutfing arm, the other end of said restraining means being capable of pivotal movement on said frame, the intermediate pivot point on said lufiing arm being chosen so that the other end of said luffing arm is capable of moving along a substantially straight horizontal line as said jib moves from side to side, wherein said lufiing arm is provided with an upper cranked portion which extends over and to the rear of said jib to the pivot point of said restraining means while a lower portion of said l

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US654574A 1966-08-25 1967-07-19 Non-slewing luffing crane Expired - Lifetime US3451559A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU10230/66A AU404800B2 (en) 1966-08-25 A non-slewing luffing crane
AU1102166 1966-09-13

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FR (1) FR1558315A (fr)
GB (1) GB1113740A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6283699B1 (en) * 1995-03-31 2001-09-04 Ross Allan Simpson Container handling systems

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8003262A (nl) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-16 Boomse Metaalwerken Kraan.

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL266662A (fr) *
DE598157C (de) * 1934-06-06 Heinrich Haferkamp Durchschlagender Wippkran
DE651197C (de) * 1937-10-08 Luzia Lohmann Geb Thueren Wippkran
US2394217A (en) * 1944-01-22 1946-02-05 John E Tom Portable crane
US2411022A (en) * 1945-10-15 1946-11-12 Silent Hoist & Crane Co Retractable front carrier attachment for mobile cranes
US3353687A (en) * 1965-03-10 1967-11-21 John S Thomson Cranes
US3369671A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-02-20 Yasukouchi Haruo Gooseneck jibs of crane booms

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL266662A (fr) *
DE598157C (de) * 1934-06-06 Heinrich Haferkamp Durchschlagender Wippkran
DE651197C (de) * 1937-10-08 Luzia Lohmann Geb Thueren Wippkran
US2394217A (en) * 1944-01-22 1946-02-05 John E Tom Portable crane
US2411022A (en) * 1945-10-15 1946-11-12 Silent Hoist & Crane Co Retractable front carrier attachment for mobile cranes
US3353687A (en) * 1965-03-10 1967-11-21 John S Thomson Cranes
US3369671A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-02-20 Yasukouchi Haruo Gooseneck jibs of crane booms

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6283699B1 (en) * 1995-03-31 2001-09-04 Ross Allan Simpson Container handling systems

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FR1558315A (fr) 1969-02-28
GB1113740A (en) 1968-05-15

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