US3451279A - Pawl and ratchet stepping mechanisms - Google Patents

Pawl and ratchet stepping mechanisms Download PDF

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Publication number
US3451279A
US3451279A US652279A US3451279DA US3451279A US 3451279 A US3451279 A US 3451279A US 652279 A US652279 A US 652279A US 3451279D A US3451279D A US 3451279DA US 3451279 A US3451279 A US 3451279A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pawl
wheel
spring
stepping
ratchet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US652279A
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English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Huber
Norbert Klimek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
English Numbering Machines Ltd
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English Numbering Machines Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by English Numbering Machines Ltd filed Critical English Numbering Machines Ltd
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Publication of US3451279A publication Critical patent/US3451279A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F16H31/003—Step-by-step mechanisms for rotary motion
    • F16H31/005—Step-by-step mechanisms for rotary motion with pawls driven by a reciprocating or oscillating transmission member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1529—Slide actuator

Definitions

  • the invention discloses a pawl and ratchet mechanism, especially for stepping a number wheel of a counting device.
  • a ratchet wheel of the mechanism is in engagement with an electromagnetically operable pawl for stepping the ratchet wheel round and with a second pawl for preventing back movement.
  • Rigidly rotatable with the ratchet wheel is a toothed wheel which is engaged by a projection for preventing the toothed wheel and therewith the ratchet wheel from overshooting its position on performing a stepping movement, the toothed wheel meshing with a gear wheel of a number wheel of the counting device for indicating a number counted, and with a further gear wheel of a type wheel for printing the number counted.
  • a printed circuit cooperating with a wiper rotatable with the toothed wheel and thus with the number wheel and type wheel, and reciprocatable switching means are provided for automatically resetting the counting device.
  • the present invention relates to pawl and ratchet stepping mechanism, especially for counting devices.
  • Pawl and ratchet stepping mechanisms for counting devices are known as such.
  • the mechanism .of the invention provides means for preventing overshooting on stepping the mechanism, provides particularly simple-means for rectilinearly guiding an armature of a stepping electromagnet and setting the spring pressure for returning the armature toitsinitial position whenithe electromagnet is deenergized.
  • FIG. 3 is a section on the line III--III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a section on the line IV-IV of FIG. 1; and FIG. 5 illustrates an electric circuit diagram for operating the stepping mechanism and counting device of FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the stepping mechanism shown has a pawl 1 engaging a ratchet wheel 2 under the action of a leaf spring 3.
  • the pawl 1 is pivotally secured by a pivot pin 5 between branches 61 and 62 of an arm 6 (see FIG. 4) which is pivotable about a fixed pin 7 secured to a housing 9.
  • the arm 6 is also pivotally secured by a pivot pin 30 to an arm 10 which is urged towards the ratchet wheel 2 by a spring 11 extending through the arm 10 and bearing at opposite ends against a pair of abutment cams 13,'the arm 10 being longitudinally movable away from the ratchet wheel 2 against the action of spring 11 by means of an electromagnet 4 having an armature 40 rigid with the arm 10.
  • the spring 11 is of circular cross-section and the ends thereof fit movably into grooves 12 in the abutment cams 13 owing to the grooves 12 being wider than the ends of the spring 11 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Owing to such loose fitting, movement of the ends of the spring 11 relative to the respective earns 13 is facilitated.
  • the abutment cams 13 are rotatably mounted on the casing 9 for varying the pressure exerted on the arm 10 by the spring 11.
  • the ratchet wheel 2 is provided on a toothed wheel 14, and the pivotable arm 6 is formed with a retainer in the form of a projection 15 which, when the pawl 1 is in the engaged position shown, engages one of the teeth of the toothed wheel 14.
  • the toothed Wheel 14 also meshes with another toothed wheel 17 secured to a number wheel 18 formed on its periphery with numbers which can be viewed through an opening 19 in the housing 9.
  • the toothed wheel 14 also meshes with another toothed wheel 20 which is secured to a printing wheel 31 which projects through a cut-out 29 in the housing 9 to enable a number to which the counting device is set to be printed in known manner by means of an impression element (not shown).
  • the pin 5 protrudes from the arm 6 into a slot 21 in a bent contact spring 22 (see also FIG. 4) which is provided at opposite ends with contact elements 23 and 24.
  • a pin 26 formed on the arm 6 also projects through the slot 21, the length of the slot 21 being such that the contact spring 22 can be slid longitudinally by a limited distance d relative to the pins 5 and 26.
  • the contact elements 23 and 24 are urged by the bent contact spring 22 into contact with two stationary contact elements 231'and 241 (see FIG. 5), which form part of a printed circuit on a cover 30 (FIGS. 2 and 4) secured to the housing 9.
  • a wiper 27 Secured to the ratchet wheel 2 and rotatable therewith is a wiper 27 (see FIGS. 1 and 5) having contact elements 32 and 33.
  • the contact element 32 of the wiper 27 cooperates with stationary contact elements of a printed circuit generally indicated by reference numeral 34, the contact elements corresponding to the digits 1 to 9 of the number wheel being connected to one another and to a conductor 35 of the printed circuit, whereas the stationary contact element corresponding to the digit 0 is not connected to the other stationary contact elements and'to the conductor 35.
  • the stationary contact element 241 is connectable through a conductor 36 and a switch 28 to a terminal 37.
  • the contact element 33 of the wiper 27 cooperates with a bus bar 38 connected through a conductor 41 to a second terminal 42 to which terminal also the coils of two series-connected coils electromagnet 4 are connected. The other end of said coils is connected through a conductor 43 to a third terminal 44.
  • an electric direct current source is connected between the terminals 37 and 44 (FIG. 5), the switch 28 it in its open position shown, and electric pulses to be counted are fed to the terminals 42 and 44 from an external source of electric pulses connected between the terminals 42 and 44.
  • Each pulse reaches the coils of the electromagnet 4 through the conductors 41 and 43 and energizes the electromagnet 4 which attracts its armature 40 and moves therewith the arm against the action of the spring 11 (see also FIG. 1).
  • the arm 10 is moved to the right, as viewed in FIG. 1, each time the electromagnet 4 is energized by a pulse from the external source.
  • This movement of the arm 10 causes the pawl 1 to disengage from one of the tooth gaps of the ratchet wheel 2 and to engage the succeeding gap under the action of the spring 3, and also causes the projection 15 to disengage the toothed wheel 14. However, the pawl 16 still engages the ratchet wheel 14 and sufiiciently prevents unintentional rotation of the ratchet wheel 2 and the toothed wheel 14.
  • the electromagnet 4 is deenergized, the arm 10 returns to the position shown in FIG. 1 under the action of the spring 11, the return movement of the arm 10 now causing the pawl 1 to rotate the ratchet wheel 2 through one step.
  • the projection 15 enters one of the tooth gaps of the toothed wheel 14 and thus prevents the toothed wheel 14 and the ratchet wheel 2 from rotating too far, that is to say, through more than one tooth spacing. Since the spring 11 exerts a continuous bias the projection 15 is forced against the toothed wheel 14 owing to the arm 6 being forced in the direction towards the toothed wheel 14.
  • the switch 28 is closed.
  • the electromagnet 4 is energized by a current flowing from the terminal 37 through the switch 28, conductor 36, contact elements 241, 24, 23, 231, conductor 35, one of the stationary contact elements of the printed circuit 34 (in the position shown in FIG. 5 said one stationary contact element corresponds to the digit 8), contact element 32, wiper 27, contact element 33, bus bar 38, conductor 41, the coils of electromagnet 4, conductor 43, and terminal 44.
  • the electromagnet 4 is energized, and as described above the arm 6 is moved towards the right.
  • the wiper 27, the ratchet wheel 2, the toothed wheel 14, the number Wheel 18 and the printing wheel 31 are stepped around until the contact elements 32 and 33 engage contact elements (corresponding to the digit 0) which are not connected to the bus bar 38 and to other contact elements.
  • the electric circuit for energizing the electromagnet 4 remains interrupted so that the mechanism comes to rest.
  • the switch 28 is now opened and the mechanism is ready for a next counting operation.
  • the contact spring 22 and the contact elements 23 and 24 thereon are reciprocated by the arm 6 and thus intermittently interrupt and bridge the fixed contact elements 231 and 241 to deenergize and energize the electromagnet 4.
  • the electromagnet 4 is not deenergized by interruption of the current path between the fixed contacts 231 and 241 until the ratchet wheel 2 has been moved by the pawl 1 through an arc corresponding to one tooth of the ratchet wheel 2.
  • the resetting is terminated by the wiper 27 in cooperation with the printed circuit 34 including the bus bar 38 when the number wheel 18 has been rotated to bring the zero on the number wheel 18 adjacent to the opening 19 in the housing 9.
  • the arrangement may be employed for high speed oper ation and may be made with small physical dimensions.
  • a pawl and ratchet stepping mechanism comprising a ratchet wheel, a toothed wheel mountedfor rotation with said ratchet wheel, a pawl movable relative to said ratchet wheel for stepping said ratchet wheel, and a retaining member mounted for movement on movement of said pawl, the features that said retaining member is arranged to engage the toothing of said toothed wheel and to move out of engagement with said toothing dur ing at least part of each stepping movement of said pawl, said retaining member being shaped and arranged to extend between adjacent teeth of said toothed wheel during each stepping movement prior to the stepping movement of said pawl being completed and a movable memher, said pawl being pivotally secured to saidmovable member for eflfecting the stepping movement of said pawl, said retaining member being carried by said movable member to move therewith.
  • a pawl and ratchet stepping mechanism comprising a ratchet wheel, a toothed wheel mounted for rotation with said ratchet wheel, a pawl movable relative to said ratchet wheel for stepping said ratchet wheel, and a retaining member mounted for movement on movement of said pawl

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
US652279A 1966-07-20 1967-07-10 Pawl and ratchet stepping mechanisms Expired - Lifetime US3451279A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB32698/66A GB1162992A (en) 1966-07-20 1966-07-20 Pawl and Ratchet Stepping Mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3451279A true US3451279A (en) 1969-06-24

Family

ID=10342677

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US652279A Expired - Lifetime US3451279A (en) 1966-07-20 1967-07-10 Pawl and ratchet stepping mechanisms

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3451279A (de)
CH (1) CH483068A (de)
GB (1) GB1162992A (de)
SE (1) SE334761B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114178808A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-15 苏州赛德克测控技术有限公司 一种气动步进式磁性材料承接装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1565336A (en) * 1924-05-16 1925-12-15 Hermann Seufert Film-feeding mechanism for cinematographs
US1924776A (en) * 1932-12-06 1933-08-29 Allen M Flanders Rotatable switch

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1565336A (en) * 1924-05-16 1925-12-15 Hermann Seufert Film-feeding mechanism for cinematographs
US1924776A (en) * 1932-12-06 1933-08-29 Allen M Flanders Rotatable switch

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114178808A (zh) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-15 苏州赛德克测控技术有限公司 一种气动步进式磁性材料承接装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1572965B2 (de) 1976-02-12
SE334761B (de) 1971-05-03
CH483068A (de) 1969-12-15
GB1162992A (en) 1969-09-04
DE1572965A1 (de) 1972-02-24

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