US3449476A - Process of stretching polyacrylonitrile filaments - Google Patents
Process of stretching polyacrylonitrile filaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3449476A US3449476A US482266A US3449476DA US3449476A US 3449476 A US3449476 A US 3449476A US 482266 A US482266 A US 482266A US 3449476D A US3449476D A US 3449476DA US 3449476 A US3449476 A US 3449476A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- stretching
- filaments
- percent
- acrylonitrile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkali metal thiocyanate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/38—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds comprising unsaturated nitriles as the major constituent
Definitions
- a process for the treatment of fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers containing from 85 percent to 97 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units comprises stretching the fibres in steam, and quenching the fibres immediately thereafter in a cooling bath at a temperature not greater than 30 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
U.S. Cl. 26428 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The process for treating fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers which contain from 85 to 97 percent by weight of acrylonitrile which comprises stretching the fibres to at least 5 times their initial length and quenching them immediately thereafter by bringing them to a temperature between about 30 C. and about 0 C. preferably in water. It is particularly preferred that the fibres are brought to a temperature of less than C.
This invention relates to the treatment of fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers, and in particular to the treatment of fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers containing from 85 percent to 97 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units.
Fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers are stretched after spinning, and are commonly washed after stretching and subsequently dried. Irregularities in physical properties of the resulting fibres are sometimes noted, and there is some tendency to fibrillation, particularly with fibres of heavy denier, such as those larger than denier for example, and with the fibres which have been spun from polymer compositions containing certain additives including some flame-retarding additives.
According to this invention, a process for the treatment of fibres produced from acrylonitrile polymers containing from 85 percent to 97 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units comprises stretching the fibres in steam, and quenching the fibres immediately thereafter in a cooling bath at a temperature not greater than 30 C.
In the process of the invention, the fibres may be stretched in steam by conventional methods, for example in tubes fed with direct steam between rollers rotating at different speeds, and are preferably stretched to not less than five times their original length. After leaving the stretching tubes they are quenched immediately, i.e., with the minimum practicable delay, in a cooling bath at less than 30 C. The cooling bath preferably contains water, which may without disadvantage contain some dissolved alkali metal thiocyanate, through which the fibres are conducted, but it is also possible to quench the fibres by spraying water or other coolant on to them. Quenching may with advantage take place at lower temperatures than 30 C., and it may be found that the best results are United States Patent 0 obtained below 10 C., although it is not normally necessary to employ temperatures lower than 0 C.
It may be desired to wash the fibres after quenching, for example at 40 to 50 C. in water, whereafter they may be dried and subjected to further processing as desired.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples:
Example 1 An acrylonitrile copolymer containing 93 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units in solution in aqueous sodium thiocyanate was spun into fibres by coagulation with dilute aqueous sodium thiocyanate. The resulting fibres were stretched to eight times their initial length in steam between rollers, and were passed into a bath containing distilled water at 8 C., immediately upon leaving the last roller. They were then washed until they were substantially free from thiocyanate and dried. The fibres had a substantially uniform shrinkage of approximately 10 percent and showed no observable fibrillation either initially or on subsequent processing.
Example 2 A similar copolymer was spun and coagulated as in Example 1, and the fibres produced were stretched in steam to eight times their initial length, whereupon they were passed through a quenching spray of dilute sodium thiocyanate at 10 C., so that the temperature of the fibres was reduced to below 30 C. The resulting fibres, after drying, had similar properties to those produced by the process of Example 1.
We claim:
1. In a process for the production of fibers from acrylonitrile polymers in which a polymer containing from to 97 percent by weight of acrylonitrile units is spun into an aqueous coagulating bath to form filaments, the improvement which consists essentially in removing said filaments from the bath, stretching said filaments in steam by at least 5 times their original length and immediately thereafter quenching the filaments by contact with a liquid bath consisting essentially of water, said liquid bath having a temperature between about 0 and 10 C., thereby to suppress the tendency of said filaments to fibrillate.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,558,731 7/1951 Cresswell 264-182 3,097,054 7/ 1963 Routson et a1. 264-182 FOREIGN PATENTS 887,008 l/1962 Great Britain.
JULIUS FROME, Primary Examiner. HERBERT M'INTZ, Assistant Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB35280/64A GB1113051A (en) | 1964-08-28 | 1964-08-28 | Textile fibres |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3449476A true US3449476A (en) | 1969-06-10 |
Family
ID=10375935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US482266A Expired - Lifetime US3449476A (en) | 1964-08-28 | 1965-08-24 | Process of stretching polyacrylonitrile filaments |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3449476A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1113051A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5494620A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1996-02-27 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method of manufacturing a monofilament suture |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2558731A (en) * | 1947-09-04 | 1951-07-03 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of producing synthetic fibers from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile |
| GB887008A (en) * | 1958-06-05 | 1962-01-10 | Du Pont | Improvements relating to oriented acrylonitrile polymer films |
| US3097054A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1963-07-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making high-shrink textile fibers |
-
1964
- 1964-08-28 GB GB35280/64A patent/GB1113051A/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-08-24 US US482266A patent/US3449476A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2558731A (en) * | 1947-09-04 | 1951-07-03 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of producing synthetic fibers from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile |
| GB887008A (en) * | 1958-06-05 | 1962-01-10 | Du Pont | Improvements relating to oriented acrylonitrile polymer films |
| US3097054A (en) * | 1960-08-26 | 1963-07-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making high-shrink textile fibers |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5494620A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1996-02-27 | United States Surgical Corporation | Method of manufacturing a monofilament suture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1113051A (en) | 1968-05-08 |
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