US3445583A - Composite tubing - Google Patents

Composite tubing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3445583A
US3445583A US510202A US3445583DA US3445583A US 3445583 A US3445583 A US 3445583A US 510202 A US510202 A US 510202A US 3445583D A US3445583D A US 3445583DA US 3445583 A US3445583 A US 3445583A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hose
tape
tubing
grounding element
grounding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US510202A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Albert E Chrow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samuel Moore and Co
Original Assignee
Samuel Moore and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samuel Moore and Co filed Critical Samuel Moore and Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3445583A publication Critical patent/US3445583A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/125—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement electrically conducting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high pressure fluid transmission hose for use with a spraying apparatus, and more particularly to such a hose having a grounding wire disposed therein.
  • Composite tubing or hoses areused to transport a liquid such as paint or the like from a pulsating source of power such as a hydraulic pump to a spray nozzle, such as a spray gun or the like, where the liquid is sprayed upon an object.
  • a pulsating source of power such as a hydraulic pump
  • a spray nozzle such as a spray gun or the like
  • an electrically conductive ground wire in the structure of the hose so as to drain off such static charge to prevent sudden sparking at the spray nozzle.
  • sparking occurs when too much electric static charge is built up in the device and a worker uses the spray nozzle too close to a grounded conductor, such as a steel beam.
  • the hose In order to transmit the liquid under sufficient pressure to produce an adequate spray, the hose is generally of a high pressure construction involving a relatively strong, though flexible inner tube or core, a fibrous reinforcement layer to protect against bursting, and an outer protective coating, usually polymeric, to protect the tubing from abrasion, moisture, temperature variations and corrosion. It is desirable that such hose radially expand under the pressure pulsation in order to act as an accummulator which attenuates the pulses so as to minimize the pulsating at the nozzle and thereby produce a more smooth and uniform painting spray.
  • the practice in the past has been to incorporate this grounding wire as one of the braids of the reinforcement. In another form, the wire was molded into the core along one side thereof in a zig-zag fashion.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a grounding construction for a composite hose wherein the possibilities of rupture of the grounding element are substantially decreased and wherein the effectiveness in draining the static charge is maintained even though a rupture should occur in the grounding element.
  • a further object is to produce a composite tubing for the transmission of high pressure fluid such as paint from a source of hydraulic power to a nozzle such as the nozzle of a paint spray gun wherein the fluid dispensed at the nozzle is relatively uniform and free from pulsation, while at the same time providing an effective system for draining off excess static electricity charges so as to prevent sparking at the spray nozzle.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce a grounded high pressure hose for transmission of the fluid under pulsating pressure having good accumulator characteristics and improved fatigue failure characteristics.
  • a high pressure hose for use in transmitting paint and the like to a nozzle for spraying by the use of a polymeric inner core for transmitting the paint fluid, a grounding element spirally wound about said inner tube at widely spaced axial pitch distances, a polymeric tape juxtaposed over the spiralled convolutions of the grounding wire and covering the exposed portions thereof, a layer of fibrous reinforcement material, such as woven braid, disposed circumferentially of the aforesaid composite structure, and an outer protective covering.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary partially cut-away and partially cross-sectioned elevation yiew of a section of paint hose according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section of a composite paint hose having a reinforcing element disposed therein taken along the lines 2-2 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary elevation view of a section of the inner core tube illustrating the grounding element or twisted wires, disposed spirally of the core tube in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a vector diagram illustrating the forces exerted on a grounding element according to the prior art where the wire turns are closely spaced;
  • FIG. 5 is a vector diagram illustrating the forces applied to the grounding element disposed according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-section taken along the lines 6-6 of FIG. 1, illustrating a cross-section of the grounding element when assembled with the composite tubing and prior to rupture thereof;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view illustrating a partial disintegration of the grounding element of FIG. 6 during operation.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional illustrating the action of the protective tape of FIGS. 6 and 7 after fragments break through the binder tape during operation.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated a composite tubing T made in accordance with the present invention and having an inner tube or core 10, a grounding element 12, such as a plurality of twisted wires, disposed helically of the inner tube 10 and covered by a binder tape 14 which in turn is covered by a protective tape 16.
  • the binder tape 14 and protective tape 16 follow the helical convoluted path of the grounding element 12, as best illustrated in the right hand portion of FIG. 1.
  • a reinforcement sheath 18 of fibrous material may be disposed circumferentially of the tubing to reinforce the tubing for high pressure operations and an outer protective sheath 20 may be disposed circumferentially of the reinforcement sheath to protect the composite product from corrosion, abrasion, and/or adverse temperatures.
  • the grounding element 12 may be wound helically of the inner tube 10 and in a manner so that the spacing between adjacent convolutions in much greater than ordinarily has heretofore been the case in the prior type of tubing. As shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable to wind the grounding element 12 so that the distance y between corresponding axially spaced points on the convolutions, such as between crests 22 and 24, is at least four times the outer diameter of the inner tube 10. It is even preferred that the aforesaid pitch distance be 16 times the diameter of the tube. For example, where the diameter of the inner tube 10 is one-quarter inch, it is preferred that the pitch distance be four inches.
  • an extremely flexible hose construction may be utilized so as to permit substantial swelling or diametrical expansion of the hose so as to provide the desired accumulator action which minimizes the pulsation at the nozzle without subjecting the ground wire 10 to abnormal stresses and strains. It is preferred that the composite product expand as much as 11% of its diameter.
  • the rupture of the grounding element 12 is caused by radially directed components of force. As shown in the vector diagram of FIG. 4, wherein a helical winding of the closely packed arrangement is made, the radial component to R is substantial. In FIG. 4, a 45 lay is shown. In FIG.
  • nylon is a preferred material for the construction of the inner tube and of the reinforcement sheath, it is to be understood that any materials which are strong enough to resist premature breaking, yet which are flexible enough to permit the expansion to achieve the accumulator effect may be used.
  • the grounding element is comprised of a plurality of twisted Wires. It is believed that a plurality of wires such as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 is useful in achieving a disintegration of the grounding wire which, when used in cooperation with the other elements, retains electrical continuity as hereinafter described. Preferred results have been obtained by the use of a 9 x 2 x 34 AWG tinned copper, flattened braid, or the 8 x 2 x 34 AWG, bare oxygen-free copper.
  • the aforesaid axial disposition of the convolutions is utilized to minimize the occurrence of breakage over normal usage. Equally important, it is designed to decrease the extent of breakage of the grounding element when it does occur.
  • this feature of a minimized extent of breakage is utilized in conjunction with the application of the binder tape 14 and the protective tape 16 of the present invention, the usefulness of the grounding element as a static energy dissipator is still available even though a rupture has occurred in the element. It has been found that the electrical conductivity of the grounding element may be sustained by confining the particles in sufiiciently close physical proximity or contact with each other that the electrical conductivity is maintained even though a rupture has occurred and the element is no longer the continuous solid entity which it was during assembly.
  • the continuity of the electrical circuit is maintained by the disposition of a binder tape 14 which is placed over the grounding element 12, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, so as to bind the element in position.
  • the preferred binding tape should have good fatigue resistance and adhesive characteristics and good elongation.
  • the tape should be as wide as the grounding element which it covers and preferably, slightly wider.
  • a preferred form of binder tape is inch wide by 4 mil thickness vinyl such as type 471 sold by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company.
  • binding tapes may be utilized such as Mylar adhesive, semi-plasticized vinyls, or various adhesive bearing thermo-plastic or thermo-setting resins as well as the use of impregnants such as latexes, plastisols, organisols, liquid urethanes, or epoxides. While it is not necessary to do so, the binder tape may completely cover the tube rather than merely following the path of the element, if desired. The tape must be capable of expansion so as not to be ruptured due to the action of the swelling or diametrical expansion of the tube due to the pulsation of the liquid therethrough and must be a sufficiently good binder to hold the fragmented particles 30 formed when a portion of the element ruptures, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • a protective tape 16 may be provided to overlie the binder tape 14, as shown in FIG. .1.
  • the protective tape 16 shields the fibrous reinforcement 18 from the displaced grounding wire particles 32, thereby preventing abrasion, cutting or other damage to the reinforcement sheath and also confines the particles so as to maintain the electrical continuity of the grounding element.
  • the protective tape should be abrasion and particle-penetration resistant.
  • An example of a preferred form of tape is Mylar.
  • Mylar is the trade name for a polyethylene terephthalate polyester tape sold by Du Pont. It is preferred that the protective tape follow the path of the convoluted wire.
  • the tape could also be wound circumferentially of the binder tape and inner core so as to form a continuous encompassing sheath through such complete encasement is not necessary.
  • the outer reinforcement sheath of fibrous material may be of a conventional braid type or it may be of a series of coplanar layers. It is preferred that the braid material and construction be such as to permit sufiicient diametrical expansion to act as an accumulator for the liquid, such as paint and the like, passing through the hose so that the pulsation at the nozzle of the spray gun is minimized.
  • a preferred material for the reinforcement layer is nylon. However, other materials, such as Dacron may be used. Dacron is the trade name of a polyester fiber sold by Du Pont.
  • the thickness of the grounding element will depend on the degree of conductivity required. For example, where the hose is inch in diameter, then it has been found desirable to use an element having a maximum initial resistance of .6 ohm for 25 linear feet of hose.
  • the outer protective sheath 20 may be of a polymeric material which provides flexibility, and good temperature and abrasion resistance.
  • a preferred material for the sheath is polyurethane.
  • the thickness may be in the range of .020 to .025 inch on a one-quarter inch diameter inner core.
  • the foregoing composite structure for a paint hose and the like provides a hose which is capable of extreme radial outward expansion 'so as to provide an accumulator effect for paint and the like passing through the hose and thereby minimize pulsation at the nozzle while at the same time providing a grounding element to drain off static electricity to prevent sparking at the nozzle sh uld the nozzle be placed in too close proximity to another conductor whereby the rupture-free life of the grounding element is greatly increased and whereby the electrical continuity and operation of the grounding element is maintained even though a rupture does occur and the fatigue life of the hose is increased.
  • the structure of the present invention has operated from 50,000 cycle-s to in excess of 100,000 cycles without such loss.
  • a composite tubing product having good burst strength, fatigue, diametrical expansion and electrical continuity characteristics for use in transmitting pressurized pulsating fluids comprising, an inner polymeric core tube having an axially extending bore for the transmission of said fluid, a continuous electrical conductive element disposed in engagement with said core tube and extending in helically convoluted relation around said core tube and substantially co-extensive in length with said tubing, a reinforcement sheath of fibrous material disposed in circumferentially engaged relation around said core tube, a flexible polymeric binder tape disposed intermediate said core tube and said reinforcement sheath, said binder tape disposed in engaged covering relation over said conductive element throughout its length and in secured contact with said core tube on opposed sides of said conductive element to maintain the electrical continuity of said conductive element upon flexure of said tubing.
  • a composite tubing in accordance with claim 1 including a polymeric protective tape disposed intermediate said core tube and said reinforcement sheath, said protective tape disposed in engaged covering relation over said binder tape throughout its length and in engaged relation with said core tube on opposed sides of said conductive element.
  • tubing in accordance with claim 1, wherein the tubing incorporates electrical continuity characteristics after from about 50,000 cycles to in excess of 100,000 cycles to fatigue.
  • a composite tubing in accordance with claim 1 including a polymeric outer sheath disposed around said reinforcement sheath and providing a protective cover for said tubing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US510202A 1965-11-29 1965-11-29 Composite tubing Expired - Lifetime US3445583A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51020265A 1965-11-29 1965-11-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3445583A true US3445583A (en) 1969-05-20

Family

ID=24029770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US510202A Expired - Lifetime US3445583A (en) 1965-11-29 1965-11-29 Composite tubing

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3445583A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS4912647Y1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE690407A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR1502401A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1162837A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL6615875A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE326079B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828112A (en) * 1973-03-14 1974-08-06 Moore & Co Samuel Composite hose for conductive fluid
US4108701A (en) * 1977-06-01 1978-08-22 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method for making hose incorporating an embedded static ground conductor

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US646886A (en) * 1899-11-09 1900-04-03 Benjamin L Stowe Electric signaling device for hydraulic hose.
US646887A (en) * 1899-11-15 1900-04-03 Benjamin L Stowe Electric signaling device for hydraulic hose.
US837512A (en) * 1905-11-27 1906-12-04 William G Seeley Electric hose signaling apparatus.
US2144478A (en) * 1936-03-14 1939-01-17 Emma Baumgratz Hose
US2244635A (en) * 1940-04-23 1941-06-03 Whitehead Bros Rubber Co Staticproof hose and method of making same
US2268321A (en) * 1940-11-20 1941-12-30 Wardlyn Corp Catheter
US2648720A (en) * 1948-11-18 1953-08-11 Surprenant Mfg Co Open wire transmission line
GB813151A (en) * 1957-03-21 1959-05-13 Vincke Y Cia S En C Flexible hoses
US3042737A (en) * 1960-05-20 1962-07-03 Moore & Co Samuel Hose assembly incorporating a ground wire
US3063303A (en) * 1958-11-05 1962-11-13 Teleflex Inc Guide conduit for motion transmitting system
US3086557A (en) * 1957-09-30 1963-04-23 Thomas F Peterson Conduit with preformed elements
US3116759A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-01-07 Delman Co Flexible tubing structure
US3177900A (en) * 1961-04-17 1965-04-13 Btr Industries Ltd Flexible article with flame-resistant cover
US3277231A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-10-04 Electrolux Corp Conductor-carrying flexible conduit

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US646886A (en) * 1899-11-09 1900-04-03 Benjamin L Stowe Electric signaling device for hydraulic hose.
US646887A (en) * 1899-11-15 1900-04-03 Benjamin L Stowe Electric signaling device for hydraulic hose.
US837512A (en) * 1905-11-27 1906-12-04 William G Seeley Electric hose signaling apparatus.
US2144478A (en) * 1936-03-14 1939-01-17 Emma Baumgratz Hose
US2244635A (en) * 1940-04-23 1941-06-03 Whitehead Bros Rubber Co Staticproof hose and method of making same
US2268321A (en) * 1940-11-20 1941-12-30 Wardlyn Corp Catheter
US2648720A (en) * 1948-11-18 1953-08-11 Surprenant Mfg Co Open wire transmission line
GB813151A (en) * 1957-03-21 1959-05-13 Vincke Y Cia S En C Flexible hoses
US3086557A (en) * 1957-09-30 1963-04-23 Thomas F Peterson Conduit with preformed elements
US3063303A (en) * 1958-11-05 1962-11-13 Teleflex Inc Guide conduit for motion transmitting system
US3042737A (en) * 1960-05-20 1962-07-03 Moore & Co Samuel Hose assembly incorporating a ground wire
US3116759A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-01-07 Delman Co Flexible tubing structure
US3177900A (en) * 1961-04-17 1965-04-13 Btr Industries Ltd Flexible article with flame-resistant cover
US3277231A (en) * 1964-01-17 1966-10-04 Electrolux Corp Conductor-carrying flexible conduit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828112A (en) * 1973-03-14 1974-08-06 Moore & Co Samuel Composite hose for conductive fluid
US4108701A (en) * 1977-06-01 1978-08-22 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method for making hose incorporating an embedded static ground conductor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE326079B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-07-13
JPS4912647Y1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-03-28
NL6615875A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-05-30
FR1502401A (fr) 1967-11-18
BE690407A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1967-05-02
GB1162837A (en) 1969-08-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3780208A (en) Composite hose having a grounding wire enclosed in a sleeve and wrapped about the core tube of the hose
US6127632A (en) Non-metallic armor for electrical cable
CA1290710C (en) Reinforced hose
US3047026A (en) Flexible hose
US3299202A (en) Oil well cable
US4376229A (en) Shielded conduit
US6563045B2 (en) Lightweight shielded conduit
US3555170A (en) Flexible hose incorporating extensible conductive tape
US4488577A (en) Fire resistant hose
US3543803A (en) Composite tubing
US4303457A (en) Method of making a semi-conductive paint hose
US6555752B2 (en) Corrosion-resistant submersible pump electric cable
JPS6258517A (ja) 強化電気ケ−ブルおよびその製造方法
US4225158A (en) Flexible hoses
JPH0134786B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
CA1049424A (en) Semi-conductive paint hose
US4572926A (en) Armored electrical cable with lead sheath
US3445583A (en) Composite tubing
US2234675A (en) Armored electric cable
GB1574749A (en) Hoses
EP0005440B1 (en) Filament-reinforced plastic article and its method of manufacture
US2294919A (en) Insulated electric cable and the like
US3080446A (en) High voltage cable
US3413408A (en) Electric cable for high temperature operation
CA1051793A (en) Composite paint hose