CA1051793A - Composite paint hose - Google Patents
Composite paint hoseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1051793A CA1051793A CA247,456A CA247456A CA1051793A CA 1051793 A CA1051793 A CA 1051793A CA 247456 A CA247456 A CA 247456A CA 1051793 A CA1051793 A CA 1051793A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- core tube
- semi
- conductive
- composite hose
- strands
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
- F16L11/127—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting electrically conducting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
- F16L11/088—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising a combination of one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire with one or more braided layers
Abstract
COMPOSITE PAINT HOSE
Abstract of the Disclosure A composite hose adapted for conveying pressurized pulsating fluids is provided with a system for grounding static electricity having circumferentially spaced electri-cal conductive strands helically wound about the core tube and encapsulated in an electrically semi-conductive resinous layer bonded to the core tube, a fibrous reinforcing layer and a protective sheath about the reinforcing layer.
Abstract of the Disclosure A composite hose adapted for conveying pressurized pulsating fluids is provided with a system for grounding static electricity having circumferentially spaced electri-cal conductive strands helically wound about the core tube and encapsulated in an electrically semi-conductive resinous layer bonded to the core tube, a fibrous reinforcing layer and a protective sheath about the reinforcing layer.
Description
7~3 This invention relates generally to composite tubing and more particularly to a hydraulic hose for transmitting fluids under pressure in a spraying apparatus such as a paint spray.
Apparatus for spraying liquids such as paint is provided with a pump and hose assembly for transmitting liquid under pressure from a supply~tank to a spray gun nozzle. An electrically conductive ground wire is usually included throughout the length of the hose to drain off any static electricity developed at the spray nozzle of the hose - to prevent sparking when it approaches a conductor such as a steel beam. A hose having a flexible polymeric core tube, a fibrous reinforcing layer wound about the core tube and a pro-tective sheath is used to convey the liquid at a pressure which is sufficiently high to produce a spray. The hose must be capable of expanding radially under the pulsation of the pump in order to act as an accumulator which attentuates the pulses so as to minimize pulsating at the nozzle and thereby produce a relatively smooth and uniform spray of liquid. On electric motor operated paint spray systems, the accumulator action also retards the rate of pressure change affecting j the motor controlling pressure switch, thereby reducing the number of stops and starts of the motor controlling the ~l fluid pump.
i It has been proposed heretofore to wind a ground wire about the core tube as one of the braids of the rein-` forcing layer. However, the wire~frequently broke under pressure and the abrasion of the braid by the wire sometimes resulted in bursting of the hose~
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L7~3 It is proposed in U.S. Patents 3,445,583, 3,543,803 and 3,780,208 to provide composite tubing for transmission of liquids from a pulsating source with a grounding wire helically wound abou-t the core tube and enclosed wi-thin a rupture resistant sleeve. The composite tubing disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,445,583 is provicLed with a grounding wire disposed between the core tube and braid. The grounding wire is secured to the core tube by a binder tape which covers the wire and is adhesively bonded along opposed sides of the wire to the core tube. A protective tape may be disposed ; loosely over the binder tape.
The hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,543,803 is pro-vided with a grounding wire enclosed in a sleeve formed from a supporting tape disposed between the wire and core tube, a binder tape which covers the wire and a protective tape over the binder tape. The binder tape is not adhesively secured . .~
- to the wire. The supporting tape and protective tape are coextensive in width and their edges which extend beyond the edges of the binder tape are secured together to form an enclosing sleeve. The supporting tape is secured to the core tube. The conductive element is disposed in movable relation within the sleeve to accomodate expansion of the ` tube.
The paint hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,780,208 , has a core tube and reinforcing fibrous material about the core tube and a grounding wire disposed therebetween similar ~' to those of the earlier patents but the grounding wire is I enclosed in a sleeve which is slldable with respect to the core tube and fibrous material and an adhesive bonding the wire to the sleeve so the wire and sleeve slip as a unit
Apparatus for spraying liquids such as paint is provided with a pump and hose assembly for transmitting liquid under pressure from a supply~tank to a spray gun nozzle. An electrically conductive ground wire is usually included throughout the length of the hose to drain off any static electricity developed at the spray nozzle of the hose - to prevent sparking when it approaches a conductor such as a steel beam. A hose having a flexible polymeric core tube, a fibrous reinforcing layer wound about the core tube and a pro-tective sheath is used to convey the liquid at a pressure which is sufficiently high to produce a spray. The hose must be capable of expanding radially under the pulsation of the pump in order to act as an accumulator which attentuates the pulses so as to minimize pulsating at the nozzle and thereby produce a relatively smooth and uniform spray of liquid. On electric motor operated paint spray systems, the accumulator action also retards the rate of pressure change affecting j the motor controlling pressure switch, thereby reducing the number of stops and starts of the motor controlling the ~l fluid pump.
i It has been proposed heretofore to wind a ground wire about the core tube as one of the braids of the rein-` forcing layer. However, the wire~frequently broke under pressure and the abrasion of the braid by the wire sometimes resulted in bursting of the hose~
!
-.. ,., . .. , . ,,. ; , -, . ,. , .. . . : . . :
L7~3 It is proposed in U.S. Patents 3,445,583, 3,543,803 and 3,780,208 to provide composite tubing for transmission of liquids from a pulsating source with a grounding wire helically wound abou-t the core tube and enclosed wi-thin a rupture resistant sleeve. The composite tubing disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,445,583 is provicLed with a grounding wire disposed between the core tube and braid. The grounding wire is secured to the core tube by a binder tape which covers the wire and is adhesively bonded along opposed sides of the wire to the core tube. A protective tape may be disposed ; loosely over the binder tape.
The hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,543,803 is pro-vided with a grounding wire enclosed in a sleeve formed from a supporting tape disposed between the wire and core tube, a binder tape which covers the wire and a protective tape over the binder tape. The binder tape is not adhesively secured . .~
- to the wire. The supporting tape and protective tape are coextensive in width and their edges which extend beyond the edges of the binder tape are secured together to form an enclosing sleeve. The supporting tape is secured to the core tube. The conductive element is disposed in movable relation within the sleeve to accomodate expansion of the ` tube.
The paint hose disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,780,208 , has a core tube and reinforcing fibrous material about the core tube and a grounding wire disposed therebetween similar ~' to those of the earlier patents but the grounding wire is I enclosed in a sleeve which is slldable with respect to the core tube and fibrous material and an adhesive bonding the wire to the sleeve so the wire and sleeve slip as a unit
- 2 -'~.
. ' :
~L~5~7~3 relative to the core tube and fibrous material in response to radial expansion of the hose.
While these disclosed hoses have been found to be adapted for successfully conveying paints under most con-ditions, it has been found that in some applications the ground wire sometimes ruptures ancl the fragments are not always confined sufficiently to maintain continuity of the static discharge system throughout the length of the hose.
It is therefore an object of this invention to pro-vide an improved composite hose having a static discharge means. Another object of the invention is to provide a com-posite hose for use with a paint spraying apparatus or the like which is adapted for conveying fluids at high pressures and has a static discharge system which is resistant to failure by rupture of a discharge wire even in hose which will withstand fluid pressures of 12,000 pounds per square inch or more. A further object of the invention is to provide a com-posite hose with an electrical grounding system coextensive with the length of the hose and about the core tube of the hose which is less likely to fail upon radial expansion of the hose and which is protected against loss of electrical continuity if a rupture of an electrical grounding wire occurs.
-Other objects will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein:
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially cut-away and partially in section, of one embodiment of the invention; and -Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1~ ~nd Figure 3 is a cross-section/of a second embodiment of the invention.
. ' :
~L~5~7~3 relative to the core tube and fibrous material in response to radial expansion of the hose.
While these disclosed hoses have been found to be adapted for successfully conveying paints under most con-ditions, it has been found that in some applications the ground wire sometimes ruptures ancl the fragments are not always confined sufficiently to maintain continuity of the static discharge system throughout the length of the hose.
It is therefore an object of this invention to pro-vide an improved composite hose having a static discharge means. Another object of the invention is to provide a com-posite hose for use with a paint spraying apparatus or the like which is adapted for conveying fluids at high pressures and has a static discharge system which is resistant to failure by rupture of a discharge wire even in hose which will withstand fluid pressures of 12,000 pounds per square inch or more. A further object of the invention is to provide a com-posite hose with an electrical grounding system coextensive with the length of the hose and about the core tube of the hose which is less likely to fail upon radial expansion of the hose and which is protected against loss of electrical continuity if a rupture of an electrical grounding wire occurs.
-Other objects will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein:
Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially cut-away and partially in section, of one embodiment of the invention; and -Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1~ ~nd Figure 3 is a cross-section/of a second embodiment of the invention.
- 3 -:
~ ., . ~:
: .
The Eoregoing objects and others are accomplished in accordance with this invention, generally speaking, by providing a composite hose having a synthetic resinous core tube, a semi-conductive layer about the core tube or as a ; part thereof, a fibrous reinforcing layer about the core tube and adjacent to the semi-conductive layer, a protective sheath about the fibrous layer and a plurality of circumferentially spaced electrically conductive strands encapsulated in the semi-conductive layer and helically wound about the core tube and connected to ground. The semi-conductive layer and the electrically conductive strands, preferably wire, extend throughout the length of the hose and a means is provided for grounding any static electricity accumulated -therein.
The hose provided by the invention may be in long lengths which are later subdivided into the lengths desired for attaching to suitable ~ittings for making the hose. The ;;` circumferentially spaced electrically conductive strands may be wound about the core tube while the semi-conductive layer is still soft from extrusion or after the semi-conductive layer has been heated to soften it. It is preferred, however, to soften the surface of the semi-conductive layer with a solvent therefor and to wind the strands thereabout under suf-ficient tension to embed the strands in the layer and to cause encapsulation of the strands to provide intimate contact with the electrical1y conductive layer. The fibrous reinforcing material is preferably braided, lapped or otherwise disposed about the semi-conductive layer while it is still soft or tacky so the contiguous sur~aces of the reinforcing layer and the semi-conductive layer beaome bonded together.
The high pressure hose provided by the invention may have any suitable cross-section but in most embodiments the _ ~ _ . ' ~
~ S~7~
core tubes internal diameter will be from abou-t 0.25 inch to 0.5 inch. In hoses of this sixe, from about 6 to 10 electrically conductive strands are adequate for groundinq.
The strands may be relatively small diameter copper, aluminum or other metallic wires of about 28 to 32 gauge.
The semi-conductive layer and strands may be connected electrically to metallic fittings on the hose by cutting a notch through the core tube to provide for current flow to the member of the fitting disposed in the bore of the core tube.
A high pressure paint hose must act as an accumulator for pulses as paint is pumped therethrough and must have a grounding means which remains conductively to lead off static charges which accumulate on the metal fittings during spraying.
The prior art hoses may lose continuity at least temporarily under severe conditions of flux and impulse. The hose pro-vided by this invention insures against loss of continuity if a wire breaks by providing a semi-conductive material which is capable of carrying current across short breaks in the ' wires. The combination of electrically conductive strands and a semi-conductive layer is advanta~eous over a semi-con-ductive layer alone because in long lengths of hose the electrical resistance of the semi-conductive layer is too high to be practical in hose constructions. The electrically conductive strands minimize resistance.
The core tube and the semi-conductive layers are preferably bondecl together. The core tube may be formed by extrusion and the semi-conductive layer may be coaxially extruded thereabout either simultaneously or sequentially.
~S~7~333 The inner surEace of the core tube should be chemically resistant to the paint or other fluid to be conveyed there-through. Preferably, the core tube is nylon or an elastomeric polyester or copolyester such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,766,146 or the one sold commercially as "Hytrel" by E.I.
duPont de Nemours & Co. The resin in the semi-conductive layer should be compatible with that of the core tube in the sense that the two will become bonded together. "Hytrel", for example, may be used but preferably, the semi-conductive layer is an elastomeric polyurethane having particles of an electrical conductor such as carbon black, graphite or metallic particles substantially uniformly disposed therein.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, a composite hose 10 has an extruded nylon core tube 11, an ex-trudable layer 12 of electrically semi-conductive polyurethane ,i :
! having carbon particles dispersed therein, a braided nylon ; reinforcing layer 13 helically wound about tube 11 and a polyurethane sheath 14 about the braid 13. Circu~ferentially spaced 28 gauge copper wires 15 are encapsulated in layer 12 and helically wound about tube 11 as grounding wires.
The relnforcing material may be any suitable fibrous material such as Dacron, the polyester fiber sold ~ by Dupont, aromatic polyamide, nylon or the like. The i strands of reinforcing material may be braided or helically wound about the core tube in one or more layers and preferably ' one to four layers~ The sheath may be any suitable extruded resin such as polyurethane, nylon, "Hytrel", synthetic rubb~r or other suitable flexible, abrasion and solvent resistant covering material.
~ ~ .
', 3~S~7~3 The electrically conductive strands will be, usually, a flexible, thin copper wire or other wires. The pitch distance of the helically wound wire may vary with the diameter of the core tube provided that it is so disposed about the core tube that it will not materially reduce the flexibility of the composite hose. However, it is preferred that the pitch distance be relatively great. For example, the distance be-tween corresponding axially spaced points on the convolutions may be about 2 to 6 inches.
` 10 As the hose provided by the invention expands radially in response to pulsating of the liquid being pumped therethrough, the grounding wires and semi-conductive layer must respond by also moving radially outwardly. If the wires should become brittle and break, the semi-conductive layer will conduct electricity between the ends of the wires to avoid loss of conductivity.
The grounding system provided by the invention may be used to advantage in hoses designed for use at any internal pressure but it is particularly advantageous in high pressure hoses having a minimum burst strength of 12,000 psi or more.
Although the invention has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that variations can ~e made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention except as it may I be limited by the claims.
'I ~
, .
. :
'. ,.
., ~ - 7 -
~ ., . ~:
: .
The Eoregoing objects and others are accomplished in accordance with this invention, generally speaking, by providing a composite hose having a synthetic resinous core tube, a semi-conductive layer about the core tube or as a ; part thereof, a fibrous reinforcing layer about the core tube and adjacent to the semi-conductive layer, a protective sheath about the fibrous layer and a plurality of circumferentially spaced electrically conductive strands encapsulated in the semi-conductive layer and helically wound about the core tube and connected to ground. The semi-conductive layer and the electrically conductive strands, preferably wire, extend throughout the length of the hose and a means is provided for grounding any static electricity accumulated -therein.
The hose provided by the invention may be in long lengths which are later subdivided into the lengths desired for attaching to suitable ~ittings for making the hose. The ;;` circumferentially spaced electrically conductive strands may be wound about the core tube while the semi-conductive layer is still soft from extrusion or after the semi-conductive layer has been heated to soften it. It is preferred, however, to soften the surface of the semi-conductive layer with a solvent therefor and to wind the strands thereabout under suf-ficient tension to embed the strands in the layer and to cause encapsulation of the strands to provide intimate contact with the electrical1y conductive layer. The fibrous reinforcing material is preferably braided, lapped or otherwise disposed about the semi-conductive layer while it is still soft or tacky so the contiguous sur~aces of the reinforcing layer and the semi-conductive layer beaome bonded together.
The high pressure hose provided by the invention may have any suitable cross-section but in most embodiments the _ ~ _ . ' ~
~ S~7~
core tubes internal diameter will be from abou-t 0.25 inch to 0.5 inch. In hoses of this sixe, from about 6 to 10 electrically conductive strands are adequate for groundinq.
The strands may be relatively small diameter copper, aluminum or other metallic wires of about 28 to 32 gauge.
The semi-conductive layer and strands may be connected electrically to metallic fittings on the hose by cutting a notch through the core tube to provide for current flow to the member of the fitting disposed in the bore of the core tube.
A high pressure paint hose must act as an accumulator for pulses as paint is pumped therethrough and must have a grounding means which remains conductively to lead off static charges which accumulate on the metal fittings during spraying.
The prior art hoses may lose continuity at least temporarily under severe conditions of flux and impulse. The hose pro-vided by this invention insures against loss of continuity if a wire breaks by providing a semi-conductive material which is capable of carrying current across short breaks in the ' wires. The combination of electrically conductive strands and a semi-conductive layer is advanta~eous over a semi-con-ductive layer alone because in long lengths of hose the electrical resistance of the semi-conductive layer is too high to be practical in hose constructions. The electrically conductive strands minimize resistance.
The core tube and the semi-conductive layers are preferably bondecl together. The core tube may be formed by extrusion and the semi-conductive layer may be coaxially extruded thereabout either simultaneously or sequentially.
~S~7~333 The inner surEace of the core tube should be chemically resistant to the paint or other fluid to be conveyed there-through. Preferably, the core tube is nylon or an elastomeric polyester or copolyester such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,766,146 or the one sold commercially as "Hytrel" by E.I.
duPont de Nemours & Co. The resin in the semi-conductive layer should be compatible with that of the core tube in the sense that the two will become bonded together. "Hytrel", for example, may be used but preferably, the semi-conductive layer is an elastomeric polyurethane having particles of an electrical conductor such as carbon black, graphite or metallic particles substantially uniformly disposed therein.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, a composite hose 10 has an extruded nylon core tube 11, an ex-trudable layer 12 of electrically semi-conductive polyurethane ,i :
! having carbon particles dispersed therein, a braided nylon ; reinforcing layer 13 helically wound about tube 11 and a polyurethane sheath 14 about the braid 13. Circu~ferentially spaced 28 gauge copper wires 15 are encapsulated in layer 12 and helically wound about tube 11 as grounding wires.
The relnforcing material may be any suitable fibrous material such as Dacron, the polyester fiber sold ~ by Dupont, aromatic polyamide, nylon or the like. The i strands of reinforcing material may be braided or helically wound about the core tube in one or more layers and preferably ' one to four layers~ The sheath may be any suitable extruded resin such as polyurethane, nylon, "Hytrel", synthetic rubb~r or other suitable flexible, abrasion and solvent resistant covering material.
~ ~ .
', 3~S~7~3 The electrically conductive strands will be, usually, a flexible, thin copper wire or other wires. The pitch distance of the helically wound wire may vary with the diameter of the core tube provided that it is so disposed about the core tube that it will not materially reduce the flexibility of the composite hose. However, it is preferred that the pitch distance be relatively great. For example, the distance be-tween corresponding axially spaced points on the convolutions may be about 2 to 6 inches.
` 10 As the hose provided by the invention expands radially in response to pulsating of the liquid being pumped therethrough, the grounding wires and semi-conductive layer must respond by also moving radially outwardly. If the wires should become brittle and break, the semi-conductive layer will conduct electricity between the ends of the wires to avoid loss of conductivity.
The grounding system provided by the invention may be used to advantage in hoses designed for use at any internal pressure but it is particularly advantageous in high pressure hoses having a minimum burst strength of 12,000 psi or more.
Although the invention has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that variations can ~e made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention except as it may I be limited by the claims.
'I ~
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. :
'. ,.
., ~ - 7 -
Claims (10)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A composite hose adapted for conveying pressurized pulsating fluids comprising a core tube, a layer of semi-conductive resinous material in electrical contact with the core tube and forming the external surface thereof, electrically conductive strands helically wound about the core tube and in electrical contact with the semi conductive resinous material, and a fibrous reinforcing material about the core tube, said semi-conductive layer and said conductive strands being substantially coextensive in length with the core tube.
2. The composite hose of Claim 1 having a protective sheath about the fibrous material.
3. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the distance between axially spaced points on adjacent convolutions of said electrically conductive strands is from 2 to 6 inches.
4. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the core tube is nylon having a surface coating of polyurethane containing particles of an electrical conductor dispersed therein.
5. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the strands are copper wires.
6. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the core tube is nylon, the fibrous material is nylon, the sheath is polyurethane, the semi-conductive layer is polyurethane having carbon particles dispersed therein and the strands are copper wires.
7. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the core tube is nylon, the fibrous material is polyester, the sheath is nylon, the semi-conductive layer is polyurethane and the strands are copper wires.
8. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the core tube and semi-conductive resinous layer are bonded together.
9. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the core tube and layer of semi-conductive resinous material have been formed by coaxial extrusion.
10. The composite hose of Claim 1 wherein the said strands are embedded in the layer of semi-conductive material.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57084675A | 1975-04-23 | 1975-04-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1051793A true CA1051793A (en) | 1979-04-03 |
Family
ID=24281290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA247,456A Expired CA1051793A (en) | 1975-04-23 | 1976-03-09 | Composite paint hose |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS51129919A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE840122A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1051793A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5216204A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-06-01 | International Business Machines Corp. | Static dissipative electrical cable |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5444409U (en) * | 1977-09-02 | 1979-03-27 | ||
| JPS6338943Y2 (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1988-10-13 | ||
| JP2009236258A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-15 | Bridgestone Corp | Anti-static hose |
| CN108700227A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-10-23 | 株式会社八兴 | Static dissipative pitch tube |
-
1976
- 1976-03-09 CA CA247,456A patent/CA1051793A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-26 BE BE165641A patent/BE840122A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-04-13 JP JP51040957A patent/JPS51129919A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5216204A (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-06-01 | International Business Machines Corp. | Static dissipative electrical cable |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE840122A (en) | 1976-07-16 |
| JPS51129919A (en) | 1976-11-11 |
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