US3431177A - Horizontal coke ovens with controlled two stage heating and air admission - Google Patents

Description

March 4, 1969 E. F. SCHC'JN HORIZONTAL COKE] OVENS WITH CONTROLLED TWO STAGE HEATING AND AIR ADMISSION Filed June 9. 1966 Sheet INVENTOR ERICH F. SCHON ATTORNEYS.

March 4, 1969 E. F. SCHCN 3,431,177

HORIZONTAL COKE OVENS WITH CONTROLLED TWO STAGE HEATING AND AIR ADMISSION Filed June 9, 1966 Sheet FIG. 2.

FIG.

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United States Patent 14 Claims This invention relates to horizontal coke ovens with vertical heating flues and particularly to improvements in controlling the heating of horizontal coke ovens with vertical heating flues which are adapted to be heated by the combustion of rich gas.

The standard horizontal coke oven battery comprises a plurality of elongated ovens which are spaced apart by coke oven heating walls. Each coke oven heating wall includes two spaced liners with vertical flues extending therebetween. The flues may be interconnected in a number of different fashions such as by connecting one flue only with the adjacent flue to thereby form what is commonly known as a hairpin flue oven, or the flues may be so connected that all of the fines distributed along one end of the oven are up flues whereas all the flues on the other end are down flues (and vice versa) to thereby form a two divided oven. There are also what is known as four divided ovens and cross over ovens, in the latter of which the flues in one heating wall serve as up flues and the flues in the heating wall on the other side of the coke oven chamber serve as down flow flues, and vice versa.

Regardless of which type of flue arrangement is employed all of the conventional types of coke ovens utilize a principle of introduction of air and gas into the bottoms of a plurality of up flow flues wherein the gas and air combine and burn to thereby yield heat, which heat is transmitted through the heating wall liners and into the coke oven chamber wherein the coal charge is heated and converted to coke. It is always desirable in coking a charge of coal that the charge be coked at a substantially constant rate at all levels of the charge whereby when any portion of the charge is fully coked the remainder thereof is also fully coked to thereby make the entire charge ready to be pushed from the coke oven chamber and thereby render the coke oven chamber ready for subsequent recharging. Regenerator chambers communicating with the flues, which regenerator chambers are below the coking chambers and heating walls and extend transversely of the battery, serve to supply preheated air to the up flues and to remove combustion products and waste gas from the down flues.

There are two types of gas which are normally employed in coke ovens for providing the fuel therefor. There is a rich coke oven gas which has a heating value of approximately 500 to 1000 B.t.u.s per cubic foot and a lean coke oven gas which has a heating value of approximately 80 to 150 B.t.u.s per cubic foot. When lean gases are employed the reaction of the gas with the air is usually slow thus yielding a long flame which may extend from the bottom of a flue of conventional height to almost its top. With combustion taking place throughout substantially the entire length of the flue the heating throughout the flue is substantially constant and hence the coking rate from the bottom of the oven to the top thereof will be substantially constant. However, when rich gas and air are introduced into a flue of a coke oven the rate of combustion is usually much higher thereby yielding a relatively short flame with a great concentration of heat at the bottom of the oven and substantially lower temperatures towards the top thereof.

There have been a number of attempts to compensate for the bad temperature distribution in rich gas ovens.

3,431,177 Patented Mar. 4, 1969 The most common expedient for overcoming this difficulty has been to step the thickness of the heating Wall liners (stepped wall liners) making the bottom of the liners substantially thicker than the top thereof to thereby retard heat transfer at the bottom as compared with the top to render the temperature in the coke oven chamber substantially constant from bottom to top. While this expedient does work, it will be obvious that what is being done is to reduce the temperature at the bottom of the coke oven chamber so that it will equal the lower temperature at the top of the coke oven chamber. This, however, is not wholly desirable since the coking rate is dependent upon the temperature. Accordingly, by using this expedient the coking rate may well be lower than can be economically achieved at higher temperatures which are not possible when using the stepped wall liner expedient. Furthermore, the cost of thickening the bottoms of the heating wall liners adds to the total cost of the coke oven and, in addition, subjects the bottom of the heating wall liner to very high temperatures which hastens the deterioration of the fire bricks.

Still another means of achieving uniform heating in rich gas ovens has been the use of the Christmas tree oven, as exemplified by US. Patent No. 1,901,770, granted to Herman Petsch on Mar. 14, 1933. In these ovens rich gas is introduced at the bottom of the oven and air is introduced at various levels into the heating flue by means of a branched inclined passage through the binder wall. Thus a portion of the gas will combine with the air at different levels and distribute the combustion along the length of the vertical heating flue and thereby tend to eliminate the hot bottom spots prevalent in conventional rich gas ovens. However, the Christmas tree oven has never been adopted in America due to the fact that the air must be passed up to the various levels in the flue by means of a passage in the heating wall binders which passage tends to weaken the binder and hence the entire coke oven wall structure. Moreover, there is no opportunity for regulating the amount of air introduced at various levels which thereby renders the oven a fairly inflexible device which cannot be adapted to different types of rich gas.

In underiet horizontal coke ovens wherein the gas is introduced at the bottom of the oven through steel pipes. the problem of eliminating the hot spot at the bottom of the oven has been reduced by introducing the gas at two levels, that is by providing high and low burners. By utilizing high and low burners the variation in temperature over the height or length of the flue is reduced as there are two vertically spaced heat sources. However, there still remains substantial variation in temperature of the order of about half that encountered when just a low burner is employed. Moreover, the expedient of high and low burners has never been successful in gun flue ovens due to the fact that the rich gas passing to the upper level is cracked due to the high temperatures at the bottom of the oven to thereby yield carbonization and the deposi ing of gums and resins at the high burner which clog the burner and reduce the heating value of the gas.

An excellent discussion of these problems is presented in an article entitled Wilputte Issues a White Paper, by Louis Wilputt, May, 1939 issue of Blast Furnace and Steel Plant magazine.

:In 'U.S. Patent No. 3,211,632 granted to Carl Otto on Oct. 12, 1965, there is described an important improvement in coke oven construction for achieving uniform heating in coke ovens. This improved coke oven construction comprises a coke oven battery having a plurality of coke oven chambers spaced apart by heating walls wherein each heating wall is made of two liners of substantially uniform thickness throughout the vertical length thereof with a plurality of flues disposed between the heating wall liners. In each flue there is provided a gas entrance at the bottom for introduction of rich gas in substantially a wholly vertical direction and means remote from the zone of introduction of the gas for in troducing air in an upward path parallel to the path of the gas at two levels. A portion of the air is introduced at the same level as the gas and slowly admixes with the gas to thereby retard total combustion of the gas as it passes up the flue. The remainder of the air is introduced at a higher level. That gas which has not been oxidized by the air introduced at the lower level by the time it passes the upper level of air introduction will slowly admix with the air introduced in said upper level to continue burning as the gas moves up the flue. Thus combustion will take place along substantially the entire length of the flue and at a relatively uniform rate to thereby render a substantially uniform temperature throughout the length of the heating flue.

To obtain efiicient and flexible operation of such coke oven construction and to obtain maximum benefit therefrom, it is necessary to regulate the total amount of combustion air introduced into each flue and the proportion of the combustion air introduced at the lower level and the higher level. In the construction described in U.S. Patent No. 3,211,632 the same regenerator supplies air to both levels. Regulation of air flow is achieved by sliding bricks slidably disposed at the openings of the air passages at each level, these bricks being adapted to control the size of the opening of each passage into the flue. In order to adjust to the desired air flow rates it is necessary to manipulate the sliding bricks by means of long poles which are extended downwardly from an opening in the top of each flue. Such adjustment has proved cumbersome and diflicult, in part due to the considerable height of the flue and in part because each brick to be individually manipulated, making uniformity of adjust- .ent along a row of flues difficult to achieve.

The main object of the present invention is the prO- vision of a new and improved horizontal coke oven utilizing rich gas, which oven will provide substantially uniform heating along the vertical length of the heating walls and will include means remote from the heating flues for etfectively and conveniently regulating the flow of air to said heating flues.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved rich gas gun flue horizontal coke oven which will provide substantially uniform heating along the entire vertical length of the heating wall and wherein the flow of air to the heating flues is effectively and conveniently regulated.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved rich gas horizontal coke oven having means remote from the heating flues for effectively and conveniently regulating the flow of air to said heating flues during the operation of the oven.

Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of a new and improved rich gas gun flue coke oven having air introduction means in the heating flues arranged to render combustion substantially uniform throughout the length of the flues and improved means remote from said heating flues for regulating the flow of air to the air introduction means more effectively, conveniently and accurately than was heretofore possible.

In accordance with the present invention, I provide a coke oven battery having a plurality of coke oven chambers spaced apart by heating walls. Each heating wall is made of two liners of preferably substantially uniform thickness throughout the vertical length thereof with a plurality of flues disposed between the heating wall liners. Each flue is provided with a gas inlet at the bottom thereof for introduction of rich gas in substantially solely a vertical direction and a pair of air inlets remote from the gas inlet for introducing air at two levels in an up- Ward path substantially parallel to the path of the gas. One of the air inlets is at the same level as the gas inlet and the other air inlet is at a higher level. I provide separate banks of regenerators for serving the upper and lower air inlets. With this construction, the amount of air supplied to the upper inlets is determined by the amount of air supplied to the regenerators serving the upper inlets and the amount of air supplied to the lower inlets is similarly controlled by controlling the supply of air to the regenerators serving the lower inlets. Regulation of air supply to the regenerators can be thus conveniently controlled by means remote from the flues and convenient to the operator. In accordance with one improvement of said invention, separate air supply means are provided for the regenerators serving the upper and lower air inlets, respectively.

The above and other objects, characteristics and features of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying illustrative drawings,

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a transverse view, partially in section, of a coke oven battery embodying the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically illustrating one arrangement of regenerators supplying air to the low and high air outlets in accordance with the present invention.

Referring tothe drawings in detail, FIG. 1 illustrates a horizontal coke oven battery generally designated by the reference numeral 10. The coke oven battery 10 as illustrated is of the hairpin flue type of horizontal regenerative coke oven battery adapted especially for burning rich gas although the invention is not necessarily limited to this type of battery and is also applicable to two divided, four-divided, and crossover batteries, etc. The battery 10 comprises a supporting masonry layer 12 which is preferably made of concrete and may or may not form the roof of a conventional basement space 14. Layer 12 provides a support for the coke oven brickwork which forms an upper section 16 and a lower section 18 which are divided by an intermediate horizontal refractory deck 20. The upper section 16 comprises horizontally elongated coking chambers 22 alternating with heating walls 24. In the illustrated hairpin flue type of oven each heating wall 24 is divided into a plurality of non-communicating pairs of vertical flues 26 and 28, the two flues of each pair being connected at the upper ends by passage 30.

Lower section 18 is divided into a plurality of regenerator chambers 32, 34, 36 and 38 by vertical pillar walls 40. The regenerator chambers underlie the heating walls 24 and the coking chambers 22. A row of regenerator chambers extends from one side of the battery to the other. However, for simplicity of illustration only a few of the regenerators are shown in the drawing.

Each heating wall 24 is made up of two spaced vertical brickwork liners 42 and 44 between which extend the hairpin flues 26 and 28 and the connecting passages 30. To define the flues 26 and 28 and the passages 30 vertically extending binder walls 46 and 48 extend between the brickwork liners 42 and 44 at spaced intervals to divide the space between the liners 42 and 44 into the flues 26 and 28. As seen in FIG. 1 the walls 46 do not extend to the tops of the flues but are spaced apart therefrom to provide for the passages 30 and the walls 48 extend to the top of the flues to separate one pair of hairpin flues 2628 from the adjacent pairs thereof. Each of the brickwork liners 42 and 44 is preferably of substantially uniform thickness throughout save for the bottommost courses of bricks not exceeding about three of standard dimensions in number, which bottommost courses are thickened to provide for erosion resistance to the action of the pusher. As has been pointed out hereinbefore, the use of the uniformly thick liners 42 and 44 can only be effectuated provided the burning or heating in the flues 26 and 28 is substantially uniform throughout the height thereof.

As shown in FIG. 2 the fuel gas is supplied to the lower ends of the flues 26 and 28 by means of gun flues and 52 which are disposed in the horizontal refractory deck 20. Branching off at spaced intervals from each gun flue 50 is a plurality of inclined passages 54 for conveying gas from the gun flue 50 to a vertically directed nozzle 57 disposed in gas inlet 56 located at the bottom of each flue 26 at one side thereof. Preferably the inlets 56 are each centrally located with respect to the width of the flues 26 although this is not absolutely essential. Branching off at spaced intervals from each gun flue 52 is a plurality of inclined passages 58 for conveying rich gas from the gun flue 52 to a vertically directed nozzle 59 disposed in inlets 60 located at the bottom of each flue 28, preferably relatively close to one side of its flue 28 and centrally of the width thereof. It will be understood that gas is alternately fed to the gun flues 50' and 52 depending upon the flow of heating products through the flues 26 and 28. When air and gas are moving upwardly through the flues 26 and combustion products are moving downwardly through the flues 28 then rich gas is fed to the nozzles 57 in the inlets 56 by means of the gun flues 20 and at that time no gas is flowing through the gun flues 52. When the flow is reversed, gas ceases to flow through gun flues 50 and gas is supplied through gun flues 52 to the nozzles 59 in the inlets 60. Rich gas flow to flues 50 and 52 is regulated by switching valves 61 and 63, respectively. Although the gun flue construction is preferred, the present invention can also be practiced with other constructions such as underjet ovens.

As mentioned hereinbefore, to provide for the uniform heating throughout the height of the flues, each flue 26 is provided with two air inlets for introducing air thereinto at two levels in a substantially wholly vertical direction parallel to the path of the gas. An air inlet 62 is located at the bottom of each flue 26 approximately at the same level as gas inlet 50, the second inlet comprising a vertical conduit or chimney 64 the lower end of which is anchored to the refractory deck 20 at the bottom of flue 26. The chimney 64, which has a vertically extending passage 66 therethrough, extends upwardly a substantial distance above the refractory deck 20- to convey additional combustion air for admixture with the upwardly moving gas at a point in the flue substantially above the bottom thereof. For instance, in a typical coke oven construction wherein the vertically extending flue 26 is approximately eleven feet in height, the top of the chimney may be approximately two feet above the refractory deck 20. Each flue 28 is similarly provided with a lower air inlet 68 and a chimney 70 having a vertically extending passage 72 therethrough.

Thus it will be seen that combustion air enters the flues 26 and 28 through two separate openings, one of which is at the level of the bottom of the flues or the top of the refractory deck 20 and one of which is disposed substantially above said level. As is described in greater detail herein and in U.S-. Patent 3,211,632, it is due to the vertically spaced introduction of the combustion air into the flues and the fact that the combustion air introduced at the bottom of the flues and at the higher level moves vertically upward in a path substantially parallel to the path of the gas introduced through the nozzles at 56 and 60 that the flame is greatly elongated to provide for uniform heating.

In accordance with a major feature of the present invention, each of the air inlets, namely inlet 62, chimney passage 66, inlet 68 and chimney passage 72 is in communication with a separate regenerator chamber 32, 34, 36 and 38, this feature affording improved means for independently regulating the flow of combustion air to each of the said inlets. In the arrangement shown, each of the regenerator chambers 32, 34, 36 and 38 extending from one side of the battery to the other is divided by walls 74 into end to end sections in order to provide the opportunity for uniform supply of air to all flues along the length of the regenerator, as is well known.

Referring particularly to FIG. 2 and the schematic illustration of FIG. 3, each section of regenerator chamer 32 is connected to air inlet 62 of each of tWo flues 26 in a pair of heating walls 24 adjacent thereto by means of inclined channels 76 and 78. Similarly, each section of regenerator chamber 34 is connected to passage 66 within chimney 64 of each of two flues 26 in a consecutive pair of heating walls 24 by means of inclined channels 80 and 82. Likewise, each section of regenerator chamber 36 is connected to air inlet 68 of each of two flues 28 in a consecutive pair of heating walls 24 by means of inclined channels 84 and 86 and each section of regenerator chamber 38 is connected to passage 72 within chimney 70 of each of two flues 28 in a consecutive pair of heating walls 24 by means of inclined channels 88 and 90. With respect to each flue 26 the total amount of combustion air introduced therein and, further, the distribution of the air between that introduced at the bottom of the flue and that introduced at the top of the chimney can be conveniently regulated by controlling the amount of air fed to regenerator chambers 32 and 34. Similar control of the supply of air to regenerator chambers 36 and 38 can achieve the same result in flue 28 for upward flow of combustion air therein.

In accordance with another constructional feature of the present invention each of regenerator chambers 32, 34, 36 and 38 is in communication with its own 'subjacent sole channel 92, 94, 96 and 98, respectively, and each sole channel is in turn in communication with an associated air input chamber and, through a waste heat valve 102, with chimney flue 104. Waste gases are dis charged through flue 104, which flue extends throughout the entire length of the battery. When products of combustion flow upwardly through flues 26 and downwardly through flues 28, chambers 32 and 34 receive air from sole channels 92 and 94, respectively, while chambers 36 and 38 discharge products of combustion through channels 96 and 98, respectively. When the flow is reversed, chambers 32 and 34 discharge products of combustion into channels 92 and 94, respectively, and chambers 36 and 38 receive air from channels 96 and 98, respectively. As is well known, the direction of flow through the flues 26 and 28 is ordinarily reversed at regular intervals, usually a half hour each. As shown, spent products of combustion are discharged into sole channel 92 and 94 or into channels 96 and 98 in accordance with the direction of the flow through the associated regenerator chambers and flues. Air under pressure may be supplied alternately to the channels 92 and 94 or to the channels 96 and 98 and air is alternately successively withdrawn through the channels, by suction, into the chimney flue 104. The air flow to each of the sole channels 92, 94, 96 and 98 may be conveniently independently regulated by controlling the air supply to each associated input chamber 100 as by valve 105.

In operation, assuming that air and gas are being introduced into and moving upward in the flues 28 and the products of combustion are moving downwardly and out through the flues 26, rich gas is introduced in a vertical direction through the nozzle in gas inlet 60 and air is introduced through inlet 68 and passage 72 in a vertical direction parallel to the gas ejected through the inlet 60. With the air and the gas moving in parallel paths, i.e., substantially laminar flow, there will not be complete mixing of the air and the gas but only a partial admixing thereof, some of the gas remaining uncombined with the air. This fractional combination of air and gas is enhanced by the fact that the volume of air introduced at the bottom of the flue is insuflicient to combine With the total volume of gas. Thus there will only be a partial or incomplete burning of the gas as it moves upwardly in the area of the chimney 70. Moreover, this burning will be continuous as there is constant admixing of the streams of air and gas as they move parallel upWardly through the flue 28 in laminar flow. However, as the additional stream of air is added at the top of the chimney 70 this air will be available for further combination with the gas as it continues moving upwardly through the flue 28. Again, as in the zone of the chimney, this mixing, due to the fact that the streams of air and gas move in parallel direction, will be gradual so that the combusion will continue throughout substantially the entire length of the flue. To maintain the streams of air and gas flowing in parallel paths, it is preferable that turbulence in streams be kept to a minimum. Thus, the flame emanating from the nozzle extends for substantially the full length or height of the flue 28 in much the same fashion as is achieved with lean gas. Hence, with proper regulation of the volume of air introduced into the flues 28 and with proper regulation of the relative amounts introduced at the bottom of the flue and top of the chimney, complete combustion of the gas can be achieved by the time the stream reaches the top of the flue 28 and throughout the length of the flue combusion will continue. With proper regulation this combustion can be substantially uniform throughout to thereby yield a substantially constant temperature throughout the entire height of the flue 28. Temperature differences throughout flues of the described construction can be readily kept to less than 30 C. This regulation of the air flow is achieved more precisely and much more easily than was possible with the sliding brick arrangement and single sole chamber servicing each flue heretofore employed by controlling the air supply to the regenerator chambers 96 and 98 which service air inlet 68 and chimney passage 72, respectively in accordance with the present invention. Naturally, the products of complete combustion in the flue 28 will pass through the passage 30 and downwardly through the associated flue 26 and out through the regenerators 32 and 34 and sole channels 92 and 94.

After due passage of time, the flow will be reversed to introduce air and gas upwardly in a substantially strict vertical direction through the flues 26 and downwardly through the flues 28. Naturally, regulation of the volume of combustion air available to flues 26 can be achieved by controlling the air supply to regenerator chambers 92 and 94 and, further, the relative amounts of air introduced at the bottom and top of the chimney can also be so regulated. Again, as is true with upwardly flow through the flues 28, with proper proportioning of the volume of air at the bottom of the flue 28 and the top of the chimney 64 and with the strict vertical passage of the streams of air and gas through said flue 26 the length of the flame in the flue 26 can be substantially the full length or height of the flue 26 to yield uniform heating throughout the height of the heating wall. Of course, with the products of combustion moving upwardly through the flue 26 they will pass through the passages 30 and down through the flues 28 and out through the regenerators 36 and 38 and the sole channels 96 and 98.

Hence, it will be seen that by utilizing the features of the present invention and particularly by supplying air to each of the air inlets in the flues 26 and 28 from separate regenerator chambers and, desirably, by supplying air to each of the chambers from a separate associated sole channel, more accurate, efl'lciently and easily controlled regulation of the air supply to the flues can be achieved than was heretofore possible, as in constructions using a single regenerator chamber to supply air to both the upper and lower air inlets in the flue and regulating the supply of air by means of sliding bricks.

While I have herein shown and described the preferred form of the present invention, it will be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention.

What I claim is:

1. A horizontal coke oven battery comprising a plurality of spaced apart coke oven chambers and a plurality of heating walls therebetween, at least one of said heating walls comprising a pair of spaced apart heating wall liners and a multiplicity of transversely extending spaced apart binders between said heating wall liners defining a plurality of vertically extending heating flues, each of said flues having means at the bottom thereof for intro ducing rich gas therein, a refractory deck underlying said coke oven chambers and said heating walls, a plurality of regenerators underlying said refractory deck, a first air passage extending through said deck and communicating a first of said regenerators with the bottom of at least one of said heating flues, the upper end of said first air passage terminating at the bottom of said heating flue at a point horizontally spaced from said rich gas introducing means, a second air passage extending through said deck and terminating at a point substantially above the bottom of said heating flue for communicating a second of said regenerators with said heating flue at a level substantially above the bottom of said flue, said first regenerator being in non-communicating relation with said second air passage, said second regenerator being in non-communicating relation with said first air passage, means for regulating the air supply to said first regenerator and means for regulating the air supply to said second regenerator, whereby to regulate the total air supply to said heating flue and to proportion said air supply between said first and second air passages.

2. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said air supply regulating means are external to said battery.

3. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, further comprising a separate sole channel underlying each regenerator and in communication therewith for supplying air to said regenerator, the supply of air to each sole channel being regulated by separate air supply regulating means.

4. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said heating wall liners are of substantially uniform thickness.

5. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, wherein the ends of said air passages communicating with said heating flues are substantially solely vertically directed for introducing air into said heating flues in substantially solely a vertical direction.

6. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, wherein at least one of said heating flues further comprises a substantially solely vertically directed chimney anchored to said deck and extending to a level substantially above the bottom of said flue, said chimney defining the portion of said second air passage above said refractory deck.

7. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 6, wherein said chimney is spaced from said heating wall liners. I

8. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 5, wherein said rich gas introducing means is substantially solely vertically directed for introducing rich gas into said heating flues in substantially solely a vertical direction.

9. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 7, wherein the gas introducing means comprises a gun flue for substantially each liner, said gun flues extending horizontally through said deck, a substantially solely vertically directed inlet at the bottom of each of said flues, and passage means for connecting said inlets to said gun flues.

10. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 1, further comprising a multiplicity of transversely extending spaced apart partition walls disposed in at least one each of said first and second regenerators and defining a plurality of vertically extending end to end sections therein.

11. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 9, further comprising a multiplicity of transversely extending spaced apart partition walls disposed in at least one each of said first and second regenerators and defining a plurality of vertically extending end to end sections therein.

12. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 11, wherein each section of said first rcgenerator is in communication with two of said first air passages in a pair of adjacent heating walls and each section of said second regenerator is in communication with two of said second air passages in a pair of adjacent heating walls.

13. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 12, wherein said heating fines are hairpin flues.

14. A horizontal coke oven battery as defined in claim 13, wherein said heating wall liners are of substantially uniform thickness.

References Cited

Claims (1)

1. A HORIZONTAL COKE OVEN BATTERY COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF SPACED APART COKE OVEN CHAMBERS AND A PLURALITY OF HEATING WALLS THEREBETWEEN, AT LEAST ONE OF SAID HEATING WALLS COMPRISING A PAIR OF SPACED APART HEATING WALL LINERS AND A MULTIPLICITY OF TRANSVERSELY EXTENDING SAPCED APART BINDERS BETWEEN SAID HEATING WALL LINERS DEFINING A PLURAITY OF VERTICALLY EXTENDING HEATING FLUES, EACH OF SAID FLUES HAVING MEANS AT THE BOTTOM THEREOF FOR INTRODUCING RICH GAS THEREIN, A REFRACTORY DECK UNDERLYING SAID COKE OVEN CHAMBERS AND SAID HEATING WALLS, A PLURALITY OF REGENERATORS UNDERLYING SAID REFRACTORY DECK, A FIRST AIR PASSAGE EXTENDING THROUGH SAID DECK AND COMMUNICATING A FIRST OF SAID REGENERATORS WITH THE BOTTOM OF AT LEAST ONE OF SAID HEATING FLUES, THE UPPER END OF SAID FIRST AIR PASSAGE TERMINATING AT THE BOTTOM OF SAID HEATING FLUE AT A POINT HORIZONTALLY SPACED FROM SAID RICH GAS INTRODUCING MEANS, A SECOND AIR PASSAGE EXTENDING TRHOUGH SAID DECK AND TERMINATING AT A POINT SUBSTANTIALLY ABOVE THE BOTTOM OF SAID HEATING FLUE FOR COMMUNICATING A SECOND OF SAID REGENERATORS WITH SAID HEATING FLUE AT A LEVEL SUBSTANTIALLY ABOVE THE BOTTOM OF SAID FLUE, SAID FIRST REGENERATOR BEING IN NON-COMMUNICATING RELATION WITH SAID SECOND AIR PASSAGE, SAID SECOND GENERATOR

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