US3430567A - Combination fuze for explosive devices - Google Patents

Combination fuze for explosive devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3430567A
US3430567A US621327A US3430567DA US3430567A US 3430567 A US3430567 A US 3430567A US 621327 A US621327 A US 621327A US 3430567D A US3430567D A US 3430567DA US 3430567 A US3430567 A US 3430567A
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Prior art keywords
fuze
impact
delay
selector
systems
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Expired - Lifetime
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US621327A
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English (en)
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Andre Losfeld
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/142—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes combined time and percussion fuzes in which the timing is caused by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/08—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze with delayed action after ignition of fuze or after impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/23—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin by unwinding a flexible ribbon or tape

Definitions

  • the fuze according to this invention is simple to manufacture and of relatively moderate cost, and can be readily fitted to grenades also of low cost type such as thermoplastic grenades with an external metal tube internally prefragmented and fitted with a screw type fastening affording a simple means of assembly onto the thermoplastic device.
  • a fuze for explosive devices has already been proposed, notably for grenades, with which the explosive device can be operated as an impact or delay device; this fuze being provided with a selector to be set after removal of the fuze cover and before projecting the device to permit the operation of one or other of the two mechanisms (impact or delay).
  • the two aforesaid mechanisms are locked by separate arming pins spring-loaded in the ejection direction, and retained in this locked condition by a wound tape adapted to unwind itself after removal of the fuze cover and during the initial part of the trajectory of the device.
  • the selector consists of a rotatable cylindrical sleeve mounted on the body and formed with apertures in an intermediate angular portion of the sleeve, adapted to free the ejection passage of both arming pins, and in two other lateral angular positions adapted to free the ejection passage of only one of the arming pins.
  • the fuzes so designed are rather costly to manufacture owing to the complicated construction resulting from the use of two arming pins disposed transversely in the body. Moreover, the greater part of the rotating selector sleeve mounted about the body is more or less covered by the wound tape after the removal of the fuze cover, and further, the positioning of this sleeve in the angular setting corresponding to the desired mode of operation is impaired by frictional contact with the wound tape and may thereby cause a premature and undesired unwinding thereof.
  • the fuze has a single straight arming pin adapted to hold both the impact system and the delay system against activation, and the release both mechanisms during its ejection (after the wound tape has been unwound), and the selector consists of a flat rotatable disc mounted in a circular recess formed in the upper section of the assembly, adapted to be rotated by means of a radial lug or control arm bent upward externally of the protective cap.
  • This disc has an aperture of which the inner contour is so designed that in a mean setting of the control arm, it permits the free operation of both impact and delay mechanisms, and in another position of the control arm which is offset to one or the other side with respect to the mean position, it will lock one or the other said mechanisms.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates the fuze closed by the fuze cover
  • FIGURE 2 shoWs the fuze after removal of the fuze cover
  • FIGURE 3 is an axial section view of the fuze in its normal or storage condition, the section being taken along a plane containing the axes of the fuze and of the arming
  • FIGURE 4 is a similar section showing the fuze during the initial phase of the trajectory of a device fitted with the fuze, after the tape has been unwound and the arming pin ejected;
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross section taken along the line VV of FIGURE 4, to show the upper section of the cylinder and the manner in which the selector disc interacts with the impact mechanism and the delay mechanism, with a selector setting corresponding to the function of both impact and delay systems;
  • FIGURE 6 shows in a like manner the selector in the delay only operating position
  • FIGURE 7 shows in a like manner the selector in the impact only operating position
  • FIGURE 8 shows in a like manner a form of the upper section of the cylinder with the selector in a safety position in which it simultaneously locks the impact mechanism and the delay mechanism;
  • FIGURE 9 shows on a large scale a specific form of the embodiment of the impact and delay striker pin assemblies
  • FIGURE 10 shows a modified construction of the impact mechanism aiming at improving the reliability of operation of this mechanism in case of the protective cap withstanding frontal impact.
  • FIGURE 11 shows a modified construction of the protective cap also aiming at increasing the reliability of operation of the impact system in the event of frontal impact.
  • the fuze con sists of stacked elements mounted on a base 1 having a detonator 15 or any other fire transmitting device crimped thereon and carrying therein a fire relay 16 serving the purpose of prolonging the fire from the two operating systems to the detonator 15.
  • a sliding piston 7 is mounted coaxially within a cylinder 2, carries an impact primer 26 and is forced by a spacer spring 13 against a ball 6 which in turn is forced against the protective cap 4.
  • the upper face of the piston 7 which presses against the ball 6 may be either flat, as shown in the drawing, or tapered, or of any other suitable shape adapted to transmit an axial thrust to the piston when the ball 6 in the protective cap 4 is shaken or moved by the jar of impact of a device fitted with the fuze. This arrangement constitutes the impact system.
  • the delay system is offset from the axis of the cylinder 2, and consists of the delay primer 14 fitted into a recess formed in the plate 3 mounted on the top face of cylinder 2 and a firing pin assembly 8 under tension of a spring 9 seated on the metal sheath containing the combustible delay composition, 10.
  • Both systems are held against activation by a straight arming pin 12 carrying a release washer 17 at one end; this washer being held under tension by an ejector spring 11.
  • the pin 12 may have any desired and suitable cross sectional contour, and is retained in the cylinder 2 against the tension of spring 11 by a wound tape 18 carrying at its outer end a lead weight 19 for facilitating the unwinding thereof.
  • the weight may be replaced by a spoon or any other safety device.
  • a rotatable selector 27 is mounted between the cylinder 2 and the plate 3, and is held in the mean position corresponding to the functioning of both firing systems (impact/ delay) by means of a lock ball 20.
  • a fuze cover provided with a pull-off ring 21 seals the fuze at the annular gasket 22.
  • This cover 5, in the form of embodiment illustrated in the drawing is held down by a bayonet mounting comprising the radial pins 23, but it may also be secured to the base 1 by screwing, or by cri-mped notches, or through any other suitable quickly detachable arrangement.
  • the fuze operates as follows:
  • the selector 27 which is easily operated by means of its lug projecting from the protective cap 4, can be set in one or the other direction around the protective cap to select any one of the following three modes of operation:
  • the ball 6 will move within the protective cap 4 and produce an axial movement of piston 7, the latter thus causing the impact primer 26 to hit the firing pin 24; in this case fire is propagated through the axial passage of cylinder 2, and transmitted to the relay 16 so as to ignite the detonator 15.
  • the firing pin 24 is fixed, the protective cap being sufiiciently deformable to cause the operation of the impact mechanism in the case of head-on impact. If the protective cap is resistant to deformation, the reliability of function is provided for by one of the modified forms of embodiment illustrated in FIGURES 10 and 11.
  • the firing pin assembly 24 is mounted on a movable piston 2? formed with a lower shoulder engaged by the spacer spring 13.
  • This piston 29 should be advantageously weighted to have a momentum sufficient for effective functioning under operating conditions.
  • the above-mentioned shoulder will preferably have a greater diameter than the axial passage containing the spring 13, the piston bore in cylinder 2A being shaped accordingly.
  • the protective cap 4a has a circular aperture in its upper section, and in this case the system operates by reverse-thrust.
  • the firing pin assemblies may be mounted in a simple and economical manner as shown for example in the case of the firing pin assembly of the impact mechanism in FIGURE 9.
  • a blind hole in which a steel pin is driven like a nail, is formed in the annular face surrounding the axial fire passage of the firing pin support member. The end of the projecting portion of the steel pin is then cut obliquely by means of suitable shears to give a sharp point.
  • the arming pin 12 constitutes an efiicient fire protection barrier; ignited gas from the primers being allowed to dissipate through the passages formed between the cylinder 2 and the plate 3, and by the aperture in the selector disc 27.
  • a combination fuze for explosive devices notably for grenades, comprising a detonator, two independent, isolated systems, disposed side by side in a fixed position, the impact system and the delay system, a primar in each of said systems, a selector which can be set prior to projecting the device for determining at will the mode of operation of the fuze, said selector consisting of a fiat part moving in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axes of said systems, said part being shaped in such a way that its positioning liberates the mechanism of the impact system, or of the delay system, or of both systems together, and a single straight arming pin to block all mechanisms of said systems and to close all accesses between the primers and the detonator.
  • a combination fuze for explosive devices comprising, a body, a detonator, two independent, isolated systems, disposed side by side in a fixed position comprising an impact system and a delay system, a primer in each of said systems, a selector operable prior to projecting the explosive device for determining the mode of operation of the fuze, said selector consisting of a flat part moving in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axes of said systems, said part being shaped so that its positioning liberates the mechanism of the impact system, or of the delay system, or of both systems together, a single straight arming pin to releasably lock all mechanisms of said systems and to close all accesses between the primers and the detonator, said body comprising a base, a cylinder, 21 plate and a protective cap, and said base, cylinder, plate and protective cap being superposed disposed one upon the other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US621327A 1966-03-07 1967-03-07 Combination fuze for explosive devices Expired - Lifetime US3430567A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR52320A FR1485576A (fr) 1966-03-07 1966-03-07 Bouchon allumeur pour engin explosif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3430567A true US3430567A (en) 1969-03-04

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ID=8603073

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US621327A Expired - Lifetime US3430567A (en) 1966-03-07 1967-03-07 Combination fuze for explosive devices

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3430567A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE694804A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1485576A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1174805A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU53080A1 (en:Method)
NL (1) NL166123C (en:Method)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877379A (en) * 1972-09-01 1975-04-15 Christian Losfeld Multipurpose percussion fuse

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2030719A6 (en:Method) * 1969-01-29 1970-11-13 Losfeld Andre
FR2517048A1 (fr) * 1981-11-23 1983-05-27 Luchaire Sa Bouchon allumeur pour grenade a main
FR3000791B1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2015-03-27 Dixi Microtechniques Dispositif de mise a feu de type fusee d'impact et fusee d'impact pour projectile equipee d'un tel dispositif

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US674163A (en) * 1901-01-24 1901-05-14 Krupp Gmbh Combination-fuse.
US1318098A (en) * 1919-10-07 of act-out vale
US2173620A (en) * 1937-10-19 1939-09-19 Harold M Brayton Combination projectile fuse
US3078802A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-02-26 Graviner Manufacturing Co Missile fuzes
US3112703A (en) * 1954-12-13 1963-12-03 Urdapilleta Jose Luis Amilibin Universal hand grenades and projectiles

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1318098A (en) * 1919-10-07 of act-out vale
US674163A (en) * 1901-01-24 1901-05-14 Krupp Gmbh Combination-fuse.
US2173620A (en) * 1937-10-19 1939-09-19 Harold M Brayton Combination projectile fuse
US3112703A (en) * 1954-12-13 1963-12-03 Urdapilleta Jose Luis Amilibin Universal hand grenades and projectiles
US3078802A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-02-26 Graviner Manufacturing Co Missile fuzes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877379A (en) * 1972-09-01 1975-04-15 Christian Losfeld Multipurpose percussion fuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1174805A (en) 1969-12-17
NL166123C (nl) 1981-06-15
NL166123B (nl) 1981-01-15
NL6703456A (en:Method) 1967-09-08
FR1485576A (fr) 1967-06-23
DE1578489B2 (de) 1977-07-14
BE694804A (en:Method) 1967-07-31
DE1578489A1 (de) 1971-09-09
LU53080A1 (en:Method) 1967-04-28

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