US3429790A - Acidic tin depositing bath - Google Patents
Acidic tin depositing bath Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3429790A US3429790A US537300A US3429790DA US3429790A US 3429790 A US3429790 A US 3429790A US 537300 A US537300 A US 537300A US 3429790D A US3429790D A US 3429790DA US 3429790 A US3429790 A US 3429790A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- bath
- baths
- brightening agent
- acidic tin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- -1 aliphatic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,3-dione Chemical compound CCCC(=O)C(C)=O MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- OJUGVDODNPJEEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylglyoxal Chemical compound O=CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OJUGVDODNPJEEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BVQVLAIMHVDZEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione Chemical compound CC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BVQVLAIMHVDZEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRUAHXANJKHFIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1 WRUAHXANJKHFIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O FAKFSJNVVCGEEI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
- C25D3/32—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin characterised by the organic bath constituents used
Definitions
- United States Patent 6505921 U5. (:1. 2o4-s4 rm. c1. C23b 5/14, 5/46 2 Claims The invention relates to an acidic tin-depositing bath on the basis of sulphate, sulphonate or fiuoborate by means of which bright tin deposits can be obtained.
- a type of known bright tin-depositing baths contains as a brightening agent, a combination of two colloids of opposite electrical charges, for example a phenol resin and an extract of beech wood.
- a brightening agent for example a phenol resin and an extract of beech wood.
- these baths are very unstable, so that they are not suitable for practical use.
- this type of brightening agent contaminates the work pieces to a high extent so that an additional cleaning operation is required after the work piece is removed from the bath.
- acidic tin-depositing baths containing 'as a brightening agent an aromatic or heterocyclic aldehyde and, in addition, formaldehyde.
- a disadvantage of these baths is, however, that they provide bright deposits only in a very narrow range of current densities, i.e. between 5 and a./dm. This means that strongly profiled work pieces having sharp edges and small apertures, the deposition of tin on which gives rise to current density variations by a factor of even 100, cannot be covered with a uniform tin deposit of uniform gloss. The current density variations are even much larger in the case of tin deposition with the aid of drums.
- the tin-depositing baths according to the invention permit of obtaining without difficulty bright tin deposits, even on sharply profiled work pieces having sharp edges or small apertures and even in an electroplating process by means of a drum. In operation this bath allows variations in current density up to a factor 1000 without any objection. Moreover, the tinplating baths according to the invention are extremely stable.
- the acidic electroplating bath containing bivalent tin ions and, as anions, sulphate-, sulphonateor fluoborateions is characterized in accordance with the invention in that it contains as a brightening agent one or more adequately soluble compounds of the general formula:
- RrCC-Rz II II 0 wherein R is an aliphatic, aromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group or a mixed aliphatic-aromatic group having, as the case may be, nonionisable substitutes or substituents not reducible in this medium, and R is hydrogen or one of the said groups or wherein the group:
- 3-R2 t t is a ring system or part of a ring system and in that, moreover, the bath contains a surface-active compound of non-ionic character.
- the effect of the brightening agent gets lost, if the aforesaid compound contains a substituent reducible in this medium, for example a nitro-group or an ionisable substituent, for example a sulphonic acid-, a carboxylic acid-, an aminoor a substituted amino-group.
- a substituent reducible in this medium for example a nitro-group or an ionisable substituent, for example a sulphonic acid-, a carboxylic acid-, an aminoor a substituted amino-group.
- ketones or keto-aldehydes operating as brightening agents in the scope of the invention for example coupling products with aniline, so-called Schifis bases, have the same effect, since, dissolved in the tinplating bath, they are converted by hydrolysis into the ketones or keto-aldehydes themselves.
- the quantity of the brightening agent to be added for having a satisfactory brightening effect need only be small: quantities from 25 to 500 mg. per liter of bath liquid are in a satisfactory way active. There is no limit above which the effect disappears, but the addition of large quantities is, of course, not advisable for economic reasons. Moreover, a limit may be imposed by the solubility.
- Lissapol N is a non-ionic, surface-active substance, a condensate of alkylphenols and ethylene oxide.
- the brightening agents employed are:
- An aqueous acidic electro-plating bath for depositing tin, containing bivalent tin ions, as anions sulphate-, sulphonateor fluoborate-ions and, as a brightening agent, one or more sufiiciently soluble compounds of the general formula:
- Rr-fi-C-Rl 0 0 wherein R is an aliphatic, aromatic, ,alicyclic or heterocylic group or a mixed aliphatic aromatic group, substituted only with non-ionisable substituents or substituents not reducible in said bath and R is hydrogen or one of the said groups or wherein the group References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1/ 1949 Du Rose et a1 204-43 1/ 1968 Korpiun et al 204--54 JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL6505921A NL6505921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1965-05-11 | 1965-05-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3429790A true US3429790A (en) | 1969-02-25 |
Family
ID=19793123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US537300A Expired - Lifetime US3429790A (en) | 1965-05-11 | 1966-03-25 | Acidic tin depositing bath |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3429790A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AT (1) | AT263473B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE680770A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1264919B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ES (1) | ES326510A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR1479037A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1084378A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL6505921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5066367A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1991-11-19 | Learonal Inc. | Limiting tin sludge formation in tin or tin/lead electroplating solutions |
| US5094726A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1992-03-10 | Learonal, Inc. | Limiting tin sludge formation in tin or tin-lead electroplating solutions |
| US5174887A (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1992-12-29 | Learonal, Inc. | High speed electroplating of tinplate |
| US5814202A (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1998-09-29 | Usx Corporation | Electrolytic tin plating process with reduced sludge production |
| EP1167582A1 (en) * | 2000-07-01 | 2002-01-02 | Shipley Company LLC | Metal alloy compositions and plating method related thereto |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1538593A (fr) * | 1967-07-27 | 1968-09-06 | Parker Ste Continentale | Procédé et solution pour le dépôt électrolytique d'étain |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2460252A (en) * | 1946-02-09 | 1949-01-25 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Lead-tin alloy plating |
| US3361652A (en) * | 1963-08-28 | 1968-01-02 | Max Schlotter Dr Ing | Electrodeposition of bright tin |
-
1965
- 1965-05-11 NL NL6505921A patent/NL6505921A/xx unknown
-
1966
- 1966-03-25 US US537300A patent/US3429790A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-05-06 GB GB20143/66A patent/GB1084378A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-05-09 FR FR60763A patent/FR1479037A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-05-09 DE DEN28502A patent/DE1264919B/de active Pending
- 1966-05-09 AT AT436166A patent/AT263473B/de active
- 1966-05-09 ES ES0326510A patent/ES326510A1/es not_active Expired
- 1966-05-09 BE BE680770D patent/BE680770A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2460252A (en) * | 1946-02-09 | 1949-01-25 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Lead-tin alloy plating |
| US3361652A (en) * | 1963-08-28 | 1968-01-02 | Max Schlotter Dr Ing | Electrodeposition of bright tin |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5066367A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1991-11-19 | Learonal Inc. | Limiting tin sludge formation in tin or tin/lead electroplating solutions |
| US5094726A (en) * | 1981-09-11 | 1992-03-10 | Learonal, Inc. | Limiting tin sludge formation in tin or tin-lead electroplating solutions |
| US5174887A (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1992-12-29 | Learonal, Inc. | High speed electroplating of tinplate |
| US5814202A (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1998-09-29 | Usx Corporation | Electrolytic tin plating process with reduced sludge production |
| EP1167582A1 (en) * | 2000-07-01 | 2002-01-02 | Shipley Company LLC | Metal alloy compositions and plating method related thereto |
| US6706418B2 (en) | 2000-07-01 | 2004-03-16 | Shipley Company L.L.C. | Metal alloy compositions and plating methods related thereto |
| US20040086697A1 (en) * | 2000-07-01 | 2004-05-06 | Shipley Company, L.L.C. | Metal alloy compositions and plating methods related thereto |
| US6773568B2 (en) | 2000-07-01 | 2004-08-10 | Shipley Company, L.L.C. | Metal alloy compositions and plating methods related thereto |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT263473B (de) | 1968-07-25 |
| NL6505921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1966-11-14 |
| FR1479037A (fr) | 1967-04-28 |
| ES326510A1 (es) | 1967-07-01 |
| GB1084378A (en) | 1967-09-20 |
| DE1264919B (de) | 1968-03-28 |
| BE680770A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1966-11-09 |
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