US3429486A - Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head - Google Patents

Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head Download PDF

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Publication number
US3429486A
US3429486A US519558A US3429486DA US3429486A US 3429486 A US3429486 A US 3429486A US 519558 A US519558 A US 519558A US 3429486D A US3429486D A US 3429486DA US 3429486 A US3429486 A US 3429486A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
stopper
fused silica
nozzle
head
ladle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US519558A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerald R Cope
Thomas W Smoot
Albert L Renkey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dresser Industries Inc
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Dresser Industries Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dresser Industries Inc filed Critical Dresser Industries Inc
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Publication of US3429486A publication Critical patent/US3429486A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers

Definitions

  • Nozzles and stoppers used with ladles have been the source of many problems and difiiculties in the past.
  • the nozzles are fabricated from clay which is pyroplastic at pouring temperatures.
  • the stopper-heads are usually clay graphite compositions.
  • the purpose of incorporating graphite in the clay-graphite stopper-heads is to prevent sticking between the stopper-head and nozzle. This addition substantially reduces the thermal shock resistance of the stopper-heads. This marginal thermal shock resistance could be tolerated in the past.
  • increased tapping temperatures are being used the clay-graphite stopper-heads are no longer satisfactory.
  • an improved bottom-pour-ladle nozzle and stopper assembly is provided.
  • the nozzle is fabricated of conventional refractory which resists molten metal and slags and which does not materially crack or spall away in contact therewith at operating temperatures.
  • the stopper-head is fabricated substantially from fused silica and is ceramically bonded prior to use. Up to 5% plastic clay or other plasticizer may be a desirable addition to the batch used to form the stopper-heads.
  • fused silica means several things. As used in this specification, it means silica that is at least 85 amorphous or vitreous. Such silica is most often formed by electrical fusion, but may be formed by other methods. For example, vitreous silica may be formed according to Patent No. 3,314,758, assigned to the same assignee. A very finely divided form is manufactured by vapor deposition and is known in the refractories art as volatilized silica. It is preferable that the fused 'ice silica used in this invention be at least amorphous, and contain up to 3% other oxides including CaO, FeO, MgO, Na O, and K 0.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation in partial section of a bottompour-ladle nozzle and stopper assembly according to the concepts of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevation in partial section of the nozzle and stopper-head of the arrangement of FIG. 1.
  • a bottom-pourladle having a stopper and nozzle assembly, according to this invention.
  • a ladle normally includes an outer metal shell 10 lined with suitable refractory composition.
  • the sidewalls 11 are commonly lined with alumina-silica ladle brick, because they are cheap yet satisfactory in most instances.
  • the bottom of the ladle includes an outer metal shell 12, also lined with a refractory composition 13, usually similar to that which is used to line the sides.
  • a slag lip 14 opens through a portion of the upper periphery of the sidewall, and is usually fabricated of a refractory monolith.
  • Stopper-heads may be of various constructions. Their surfaces are shaped to fit over the top of a nozzle thereby sealing off the flow through the nozzle. Most often, they have a well extending downwardly thereto into which the bottom of the stopper-rod is inserted. The well may be internally threaded, thereby to mate with the external threads on the stopper-rod. Other more elegant means are also used for fastening the stopper-head to the stopperrod.
  • a fused silica stopper-head according to this invention was manufactured from a batch consisting, by weight, of 99% fused silica and 1% bentonite. The batch was sized so that about 15% rested on 10 mesh, 25% was 10+28 mesh, 15% was 28+65 mesh, 45% was 65 mesh, and 40% was mesh. To the batch was added a dispersant; for example, 0.2 to 0.5% sodium hexametaphosphate sold under the trade name of Calgon. The batch was tempered with about 4% water and cast with the aid of vibration into plaster molds. The cast stopper-heads were then burned at about 1800" F.
  • a stopper-head made according to the technique disclosed in the last paragraph is attached to a stopper-rod assembly within a ladle.
  • the ladle is filled with hot metal which is intermittently poured from the ladle by raising and lowering the fused silica stopper-head over the pouring nozzle.
  • the fused silica stopper-heads are tar-impregnated and baked to cokify the tar. This treatment provides additional slag and hot metal resistant without effecting other desirable properties.
  • the impregnation is preferably made with a cokable, nonaqueous, carbonaceous material such as tar or pitch.
  • tar material is heated to about 400 F. Thereafter, it
  • Fused silica stopper-heads have the following advantages: They have extremely high thermal shock resistance and can, therefore, be brought into contact with molten metal without shattering. This increased thermal shock 3 resistance is especially desirable for casting metals at about 3000 F.
  • the fused silica stopper-head does not tend to stick to the nozzle. Furthermore, because of its low thermal conductivity it does not cool the nozzle thereby causing skulling or constriction of the nozzle by solidified metal.
  • a vessel for handling molten metal comprised of a shell, a refractory lining in the shell, a stopper-head and a stopper-rod assembly operatively associated with said vessel and a pouring nozzle the improvement which comprises said stopper-head being ceramically bonded tarimpregnated fused silica.
  • fused silica stopper-head is prepared from a batch comprising fused silica being at least 85% amorphous and having up to 3% other oxides including CaO, FeO, MgO, Na O, and K 0.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
US519558A 1966-01-10 1966-01-10 Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head Expired - Lifetime US3429486A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51955866A 1966-01-10 1966-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3429486A true US3429486A (en) 1969-02-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US519558A Expired - Lifetime US3429486A (en) 1966-01-10 1966-01-10 Tar impregnated fused silica stopper head

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3429486A (de)
DE (1) DE1297828B (de)
FR (1) FR1507694A (de)
GB (1) GB1124566A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3554489A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-01-12 Vesuvius Crucible Co Coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle
US3780788A (en) * 1971-09-07 1973-12-25 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method for continuously casting steel using a partially coated refactory nozzle
US3949106A (en) * 1969-12-29 1976-04-06 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing isotropic pyrolisis carbon coatings
US4627945A (en) * 1984-07-27 1986-12-09 Dresser Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing an injection molded refractory shape and composition thereof
US4650619A (en) * 1983-12-29 1987-03-17 Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. Method of machining a ceramic member
US4951852A (en) * 1988-06-23 1990-08-28 Gilbert Rancoulle Insulative coating for refractory bodies
WO2005095293A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Vesuvius Crucible Company Refractory articles for quiding or conveying a solidified material and process for the manufacture thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4930892B1 (de) * 1968-08-30 1974-08-16

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB817446A (en) * 1955-08-09 1959-07-29 Koppers Co Inc Improvements in or relating to thermally resistant refractory articles, the pores ofwhich contain low temperature carbonized-bitumen, and chambers for non-oxidizing thermal conditions lined therewith
US3192582A (en) * 1962-10-03 1965-07-06 Harbison Walker Refractories Bottom pour ladle nozzle and stopper rod construction

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1070084B (de) *
US2122582A (en) * 1934-11-09 1938-07-05 Burgess Lab Inc C F Filter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB817446A (en) * 1955-08-09 1959-07-29 Koppers Co Inc Improvements in or relating to thermally resistant refractory articles, the pores ofwhich contain low temperature carbonized-bitumen, and chambers for non-oxidizing thermal conditions lined therewith
US3192582A (en) * 1962-10-03 1965-07-06 Harbison Walker Refractories Bottom pour ladle nozzle and stopper rod construction

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3554489A (en) * 1968-08-26 1971-01-12 Vesuvius Crucible Co Coated stopper head for controlling outflow of molten metal through the nozzle of a bottom pour receptacle
US3949106A (en) * 1969-12-29 1976-04-06 Toyo Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing isotropic pyrolisis carbon coatings
US3780788A (en) * 1971-09-07 1973-12-25 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method for continuously casting steel using a partially coated refactory nozzle
US4650619A (en) * 1983-12-29 1987-03-17 Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. Method of machining a ceramic member
US4627945A (en) * 1984-07-27 1986-12-09 Dresser Industries, Inc. Method of manufacturing an injection molded refractory shape and composition thereof
US4951852A (en) * 1988-06-23 1990-08-28 Gilbert Rancoulle Insulative coating for refractory bodies
WO2005095293A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Vesuvius Crucible Company Refractory articles for quiding or conveying a solidified material and process for the manufacture thereof
US20070238602A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2007-10-11 Vesuvius Crucible Company Refractory Article for Guiding or Conveying a Solidified Material and Process for the Manufacture Thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1124566A (en) 1968-08-21
DE1297828B (de) 1969-06-19
FR1507694A (fr) 1967-12-29

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