US3425572A - General-purpose hydraulic shovel - Google Patents

General-purpose hydraulic shovel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3425572A
US3425572A US595890A US3425572DA US3425572A US 3425572 A US3425572 A US 3425572A US 595890 A US595890 A US 595890A US 3425572D A US3425572D A US 3425572DA US 3425572 A US3425572 A US 3425572A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shovel
bucket
platform
axis
truss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US595890A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ignacy Brach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Politechnika Warszawska
Original Assignee
Politechnika Warszawska
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PL111765A external-priority patent/PL54052B1/pl
Application filed by Politechnika Warszawska filed Critical Politechnika Warszawska
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3425572A publication Critical patent/US3425572A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
    • E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/963—Arrangements on backhoes for alternate use of different tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/10—Supports for movable superstructures mounted on travelling or walking gears or on other superstructures
    • E02F9/12—Slewing or traversing gears
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/18—Counterweights

Definitions

  • a hydraulic shovel comprising a rotary platform having a horizontally longitudinally extending truss structure in the form of a frame with two transversely spaced sets of bars extending upwardly from chords formed by the truss structure and interconnected crosswise by a toryening frame.
  • the invention relates to a general-purpose hydraulic shovel, which can operate as a hydraulic push shovel, hydraulic hoe shovel, hydraulic loading shovel or as a crane with hook, two-rope clamshell or drag-line scraper.
  • the principal object of the invention is to eliminate the considerable weight and inconvenience of the above-described arrangements and to provide an improved generalpurpose shovel.
  • this object is achieved through the use of an extensible-framework frame or plain girder frame, forming a rigid entity, the separate beams of Which do not undergo bending.
  • this extension beam is used as a support for the rotation axis of various equipment: e.g. the push shovel, the hoe, or a crane structure.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in diagrammatic elevational view, the shovel with push bucket
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view, partly broken away, of the shovel with push equipment
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the shovel
  • FIG. 4 shows a siede view of the mechanism, drawn to an elnlarged scale, for extending the counterweight or pedesta
  • FIG. 5 shows the view of the counterweight-extending mechanism from rear of the shovel;
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view, partly in diagrammatic form, of the framework stilening the extension frames
  • FIG. 7 shows the top View of the extension frames shifted inwardly with respect to the axis of the shovel
  • FIG. 8 shows a side view of the extension frames of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 shows a side view of the shovel provided with hoe equipment
  • FIG. 10 shows the side view of the shovel with a lift bucket
  • FIG. 1l shows a side view of the shovel provided with crane equipment.
  • extension frames 1 and 1 On the rotary platform of any shovel there are mounted extension frames 1 and 1 (FIGS. 1 and 6), whereby these frames with their lower beams 2 and 2 are longitudinally and horizontally shiftable over the platform 3 of the shovel and over two longitudinal guide supports 4 and 4 (FIGS. 1 and 2) xed therebelow.
  • the bifurcated lever 5 has legs 5 which, together with bucket 6, revolve by means of a servomotor hydraulic cylinder 7 around the point O1 (FIG. 1) and is shiftable longitudinally in a housing 8 (FIG. 1) with guide sleeves 8 (FIG. 2) by means of hydraulic-cylinder servomotors 9'.
  • Extension of frames 1 is performed by means of cylinders 10 or 10' (FIGS. 4 and 2, respectively) fitted upon the platform 3 of the shovel.
  • the non-movable part of these servomotors is iixed to the platform, while the extensible part, usually the piston head, is fixed to the lower beam 2 and 2 forming the lower part of the extension frame 1 and 1.
  • the extension beams may be made of profile steel, bent steel plates or of tubes.
  • the extension frames 1 and 1' vplaced on these beams are cross-connected with frameworks 11 and 12 (FIG. 6) in order to obtain a rigid truss structure, which is of importance especially when the platform 3 revolves.
  • the extension frames are set back and so shaped along edges of the platform 3 that they ⁇ do not create obstacles to tting and operation of mechanisms mounted on the rotary platform.
  • the framework at the rear of the extension frames provides clearance for the motor and other devices.
  • the extension frames can be shifted in to the center, i.e. near to the longitudinal axis of the rotary platform, but then the extension beam 2 must be arranged under the mechanisms or in the interior of the platform frame and may have a tubular cross section.
  • the rear parts of frame 1 may extend beyond the edge of the platform, for they do not hinder the mechanisms.
  • the frameworks 13 and 14 may, alternatively, connect both frames as shown in FIG. 7.
  • a combustion engine or an electric motor 15 drives pum-ps 16 and 16' supplying the hydraulic cylinders 9, 10, 10', etc.
  • a twin-drum hoisting winch should be used as shown at 17 (FIG. 2); the winch is driven by rotary hydraulic motors.
  • the drivers cage 18 is placed along the median axis of the platform and may be xed either to the platform 3 or to frames 1, thus being extendable. In the case when the frames are set in toward the middle of the platform, the drivers cage rests on one side.
  • the drive and power mechanisms are covered by a shield 19.
  • an extending counterweight 20 is used; the counterweight moves oppositely to the frame structure so that when the frame with its equipment is shifted forwardly, the counterweight is shifted rearwardly over the same or a reduced distance and vice versa (FIG. 1).
  • the extension frame 1 In a shovel provided with a hoe (FIG. 9), the extension frame 1 is deprived of its front beams. As the rotation axis of the boom 23 the axis 0 is used. At the end of the boom on the rotation axis 24, I provide a rocking handle of the bucket 2S. The bucket 25 is driven by means of cylinder 9. The extension of the handle for given digging conditions is fixed with locating pins 26. The rotation of the handle S and of boom 23 is accomplished with cylinders 27 and 7, respectively, of the same type as in the push shovel.
  • the lever 28 (FIG. rocks round the rotation center 29 on the rearwardmost bar of the basic triangular truss structure and it is driven by the servomotor 7 pivoted at a joint proximal by the junction of the forward bar on chord 2 of the truss.
  • Lifting the bucket 30 is performed by means of an four-bar linkage, i.e. of a system of levers 28, 32, 33, 34 forming a quadric mechanism assuring a parallel guiding of the bucket.
  • Rotation of the bucket 30 around its rotation axis 35 arranged on a toggle 36, is performed by means of a cylinder 37.
  • the drive and manner of rotation of the bucket may be by one of the known methods.
  • a boom 38 journaled in suitable rotation point of the beam 2 is hinged on a tie-bar or stiff bar 39, where a possibility of length adjustment is provided by a turnbuckle 40.
  • An advantage of such a method of slicing is the smallest slicing angle, as there is no need of giving the clearance angle, and the tooth describes an arc always of the same shape and radius. By diminishing the cutting angle, the capacity of the bucket may be increased by more than 50%.
  • the path described by the tooth of the bucket may also be comprised between the arc a of the elevated bucket and the arc b upon extending the bucket downwardly.
  • the operation of the shovel with the hoe equipment runs from the farthest range M" to the nearest one M after stepwise shifting the point 0" to the point 0 over the slice thickness.
  • Digging is performed along defined circular arcs, which will be identical if the depth of digging H is constant and if the rotation center 24 is at the same depth. Slicing will be then performed along the same arcs from the arc o to the arc d at constant and possibly smalles cutting angle.
  • extension frames in the loader renders it possible to shift the bucket over a distance m without the necessity of riding upon the pile or of digging with the entire shovel when loading.
  • the shovel After bringing the machine near to the pile and placing it in the point P, the shovel does not travel further under an action of the drive mechanism, as it takes place by all front loaders, but the further extending the bucket is performed through the extension of the frame 1.
  • the bucket is filled being revolved simultaneously with the cylinder 37. After filling the bucket, there follows a revolution of the entire shovel and the dumping of the excavated material onto a conveyor or other conveyance located nearby; the extending motion of the frame enables the operator to set the bucket above the conveyor.
  • Extending the bucket of the loader with frame 1 has also the advantage that there is no need to use a drive on both axles of a vehicle having wheels provided with tires; such drives have been necessary in conventional front loaders since, during filling the bucket and operating with the cylinder 9, there can occur a lifting of front wheels of the shovel, thereby making it impossible to proceed when only this front axle is driven. In a shovel according to the invention such a situation does not arise because use of the travel mechanism is not necessary in the course of filling.
  • extension frames in accordance with the invention, on a shovel having crane equipment also greatly simplifies the construction, since it renders it possible to mount the boom 38 rigidly. Changing of the radius of the hook from the point S to the point S is performed by frames 1.
  • the boom would have to be brought down by means of a separate drive, with alteration of slope angle eg. from to 30; at the distance L1, the rope pulley is shifted to the position T.
  • the lifting gear should have, as is usual, two drums 17 with couplings and brakes.
  • a hydraulic shovel comprising a mobile platform rotable about a generally vertical axis; a pair of similar horizontally spaced truss structures interconnected for joint longitudinal horizontal movement relatively to said platform, said truss structures each including at least one longitudinally extending substantially horizontal chord slidably mounted on said platform and at least one pair of upwardly converging bars interconnected at a vertex above said chord and anchored at longitudinally spaced locations relatively thereto, said truss structures defining a first pivotal axis on said chords proximal to the forwardmost of said bars for enabling selective pivotal connection to said truss structures of backhoe means, crane means and means for manipulating pusher-bucket means and scooploader means, a second pivotal axis at said vertexes for enabling selective pivotal connection to said truss structure of means for manipulating said backhoe means and means for supporting said crane means, a third pivotal axis above said chords and forwardly of said first pivotal axis for enabling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
US595890A 1965-11-25 1966-11-21 General-purpose hydraulic shovel Expired - Lifetime US3425572A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL111765A PL54052B1 (cs) 1965-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3425572A true US3425572A (en) 1969-02-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US595890A Expired - Lifetime US3425572A (en) 1965-11-25 1966-11-21 General-purpose hydraulic shovel

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3425572A (cs)
CS (1) CS165323B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE1634943B2 (cs)
FR (1) FR1501604A (cs)
GB (1) GB1169750A (cs)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3604577A (en) * 1969-03-14 1971-09-14 Ludwig Otto Heilmeier Can-lifting apparatus
US3612310A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-10-12 Schaeff Kg Maschfab Karl Dredging loader
US3997987A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-12-21 Tomlinson Audie B Backhoe
US4049070A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-09-20 Ingebret Soyland Excavator having lifting legs and cooperating boom mounted bucket for "walking"
FR2450227A1 (fr) * 1979-03-02 1980-09-26 Gottwald Kg Leo Grue sur vehicule
US4310975A (en) * 1979-04-10 1982-01-19 Gilbert Bibaut Dredging or excavating machine for marshes or canals
US4843742A (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-07-04 Continuous Concrete Casting Pty. Limited Trenching apparatus and methods of forming inground retaining walls
US5189819A (en) * 1991-05-08 1993-03-02 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Trenching apparatus
WO2008135944A3 (en) * 2007-05-04 2009-05-22 Colin Wray Shaw Excavation machine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL120220B1 (en) * 1979-01-26 1982-02-27 Ts Osrodek Badawczo Rozwo Rocking member ballancing assembly operating in dependence on the rocking angle,in particular for a body of wheeled loadera v zavisimosti ot ego otklonenija-glavnym obrazom dlja kuzova kolesnojj pogruzochnojj mashiny

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1277214A (en) * 1914-12-22 1918-08-27 Manfred T Hoster Shoveling or mucking machine.
US1307448A (en) * 1919-06-24 Mekrnesota
US1504427A (en) * 1920-10-11 1924-08-12 Robert S Butler Mine shovel
US1506906A (en) * 1922-12-08 1924-09-02 Koehring Co Convertible crane
US2726778A (en) * 1954-10-22 1955-12-13 Hough Co Frank Tractor loaders
US3148789A (en) * 1960-08-16 1964-09-15 Cie Des Engins Hydromecaniques Mechanical shovel capable of working as a lifting device or loader
US3181716A (en) * 1958-03-05 1965-05-04 Brach Ignacy Lever-shovelling machines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1307448A (en) * 1919-06-24 Mekrnesota
US1277214A (en) * 1914-12-22 1918-08-27 Manfred T Hoster Shoveling or mucking machine.
US1504427A (en) * 1920-10-11 1924-08-12 Robert S Butler Mine shovel
US1506906A (en) * 1922-12-08 1924-09-02 Koehring Co Convertible crane
US2726778A (en) * 1954-10-22 1955-12-13 Hough Co Frank Tractor loaders
US3181716A (en) * 1958-03-05 1965-05-04 Brach Ignacy Lever-shovelling machines
US3148789A (en) * 1960-08-16 1964-09-15 Cie Des Engins Hydromecaniques Mechanical shovel capable of working as a lifting device or loader

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3612310A (en) * 1968-06-20 1971-10-12 Schaeff Kg Maschfab Karl Dredging loader
US3604577A (en) * 1969-03-14 1971-09-14 Ludwig Otto Heilmeier Can-lifting apparatus
US4049070A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-09-20 Ingebret Soyland Excavator having lifting legs and cooperating boom mounted bucket for "walking"
US3997987A (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-12-21 Tomlinson Audie B Backhoe
FR2450227A1 (fr) * 1979-03-02 1980-09-26 Gottwald Kg Leo Grue sur vehicule
US4310975A (en) * 1979-04-10 1982-01-19 Gilbert Bibaut Dredging or excavating machine for marshes or canals
US4843742A (en) * 1986-06-13 1989-07-04 Continuous Concrete Casting Pty. Limited Trenching apparatus and methods of forming inground retaining walls
USRE34620E (en) * 1986-06-13 1994-05-31 Foundation Technology Limited Trenching apparatus and methods of forming inground retaining walls
US5189819A (en) * 1991-05-08 1993-03-02 Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. Trenching apparatus
WO2008135944A3 (en) * 2007-05-04 2009-05-22 Colin Wray Shaw Excavation machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1169750A (en) 1969-11-05
DE1634943B2 (de) 1976-11-25
FR1501604A (fr) 1967-11-10
DE1634943A1 (de) 1970-08-27
CS165323B2 (cs) 1975-12-22

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