US3425204A - Method and apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands from staple fibers,especially from glass staple fibers - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands from staple fibers,especially from glass staple fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3425204A
US3425204A US579632A US3425204DA US3425204A US 3425204 A US3425204 A US 3425204A US 579632 A US579632 A US 579632A US 3425204D A US3425204D A US 3425204DA US 3425204 A US3425204 A US 3425204A
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Prior art keywords
tube
strand
fibers
axis
staple fibers
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US579632A
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English (en)
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Wolfgang Schuller
Harald Hohlfeld
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands from staple fibers, especially from glass staple fibers.
  • machines of known construction are used in which glass filaments produced from thin streams of molten glass are withdrawn by means of a fast rotating drum and, before passing over the whole circumference of the drum, are divided into fibers of irregular staple length by :a doctor blade engaging the outer drum surface, and guided by this blade and the air stream produced by the fast rotating drum into a substantially cylindrical or conical member or spinning tube having an axis parallel to the drum axis.
  • the fibers are gathered in the aforementioned member to form a strand which is withdrawn in axial direction from the member whereby the strand is slightly rotated and the number of twists will depend on the time the fibers remain in the aforementioned member, that is on the withdrawal speed of the strand from the member. In other words, the tensile strength of the strand, respectively the compactness of the strand structure, will depend on the withdrawal speed.
  • Machines of the aforementioned type are also known in which the filaments withdrawn by a single drum are guided into a plurality of correspondingly shorter spinning tubes so that a relatively large mass of fibers may be simultaneously formed into a plurality of fiber strands. Due to the shorter spinning tubes the fibers will remain a short time therein and leave the tubes twisted to a lesser degree.
  • the method for manufacturing [a twisted fiber strand from glass fibers basically comprises the steps of guiding a stream of fibers along a surface of substantially circular cross section, withdrawing the fibers along the axis of said surface to form a strand of fibers, and rotating the air surrounding the strand at high speed about the strand axis so as to twist at least the outer layer of said strand about said axis.
  • the apparatus for carrying out the aforementioned method mainly comprises a hollow member of circular cross section, means for guiding staple fibers substantially parallel to each other and transverse to the axis of the member into the latter and for subjecting the same therein to a rotary motion substantially about the axis of the member, a tube coaxial with the member and extending with an end portion through an end wall thereof into the latter, means mounting the tube turnable about its axis, means for rotating the tube about its axis, and means for withdrawing a strand of fibers formed in the member in axial direction through the tube, which has an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the strand of fibers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic rear view of a known apparatus for manufacturing a fiber strand
  • FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of an apparatus according to the present invention drawn to a larger scale than FIG. 1, the portion shown in FIG. 2 is a portion corresponding to the portion encompassed by the dashdotted circle II of FIG. 1, and it is to be understood that the apparatus of the present invention only partially shown in FIG. 2 includes otherwise the elements of the apapratus shown in FIG. 1; and
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a modified component of the apparatus as shown in FIG. 2 and drawn to a further increased scale.
  • the apapratlus mainly comprises a filament-producing device 1 which may include a container adapted to contain a mass of molten glass and provided at its bottom with a plurality of nozzles 2 through which thin streams of molten glass are discharged from the container, or a filament-producing device may comprise a plurality of glass rods arranged closely adjacent to each other, the bottom ends of which are subjected to heat and from which thin glass filaments are withdrawn in plastic state to form in either case after hardening a plurality of solid thin glass filaments 3.
  • a filament-producing device 1 may include a container adapted to contain a mass of molten glass and provided at its bottom with a plurality of nozzles 2 through which thin streams of molten glass are discharged from the container, or a filament-producing device may comprise a plurality of glass rods arranged closely adjacent to each other, the bottom ends of which are subjected to heat and from which thin glass filaments are withdrawn in plastic state to form in either case after hardening a plurality of solid
  • the filaments 3 are in actuality obviously produced in much greater numbers and arranged much closer to each other than schematically shown in FIG. 1.
  • the filaments are engaged by the outer surface of a drum '4 rotating at high speed in the direction indicated by the arrow A whereby the filaments are withdrawn from the divec 1, 2 and drawn out to a desired thickness.
  • a doctor blade 5 engaging the drum surface, the filaments are lifted from the drum surface and divided into staple fibers of non-uniform length.
  • the drum 4 is mounted in bearings 6 for rotation about its axis and is rotated by means not shown in FIG.
  • a tube 9 extends coaxial with the spinning tube 7 through an end wall 8 of the latter and the continuously produced fiber whirl in the spinning tube is withdrawn in form of a fiber strand .10 from the latter through the tube 9, guided over a guide roll and finally wound up on a spool 11.
  • the schematically illustrated apparatus according to the prior art as shown in FIG. 1 is improved according to the present invention in that instead of a stationary tube 9 as shown in FIG. 1, the tube of the apparatus according to the present invention through which the fiber strand formed in the member 7 is withdrawn is mounted for rotation about its axis and driven at considerable speed about its axis.
  • the tube 12, corresponding to the tube 9 in FIG. 1 is mounted for rotation about its axis on ball bearings 13 and rotated about its axis by drive means 14, shown in FIG. 2 as a gear drive.
  • drive means for instance a belt drive, may be used for rotating the tube 12 about its axis.
  • the air in the tube surrounding the strand of fibers passing therethrough is, due to the frictional engagement with the inner tube surface, also rotated so as to produce on the fiber strand passing therethrough a twisting action whereby the outer fibers of the strand are pressed onto the strand core and spirally wound about the same.
  • the speed of rotation of the tube 12 is chosen in dependence on the speed of withdrawal of the fiber 7 strand through the tube and in experiments carried out by the inventor the fiber strand was withdrawn with a speed of 375 meters per minute and the tube 12 was rotated with 9000 revolutions per minute about its axis.
  • the tube is rotated with 5 to 30 revolutions per minute.
  • the rotation of the tube 12 may be carried out in the same or in the opposite direction in which the fibers rotate in the spinning tube 7 by the air whirl produced therein.
  • a stationary guide tube 15 is preferably arranged coaxially with the tube 12 spaced a short distance from the outer end thereof through which the strand is guided after leaving the tube 12.
  • the guide tube 15 may be provided with a short feed tube 16, extending transversely thereto and communicating with the interior thereof, for feeding binder or lubricating material into the guide tube 15, whereby such lubricating or binding material may be fed onto the rotating fiber strand passing through the guide tube.
  • the withdrawal tube comprises a cylindrical tube portion 17 which is mounted for rotation about its axis on ball bearings or the like, as shown for the tube 12 in FIG. 2, and a conical end portion 18 which projects into the spinning tube 7 not shown in FIG. 3.
  • the end face 19 of the conical end portion 18 is formed with slots 20 extending from the end face 19 into the portion 18 and which may be arranged in form of a cross as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the slots 20 serve to feed fibers freely flying in the spinning tube 7 and which are not engaged by the forming fiber strand, for instance fibers which are introduced into the spinning tube in the region B, into the strand.
  • fibers introduced into the spinning tube 7 in the direction of the arrows C or D will, when impinging on the conical end portion 18, be deflected by the same to slide on the outer surface thereof in direction of the arrow E and be engaged wither by the fiber cone 'F forming at the inlet end of the conical end portion 18 of by one of the slots 20 and thereby wound in spiral form about the forming fiber strand.
  • the compactness of the formed strand is influenced by the arrangement of the withdrawal tube relative to the spinning tube 7 and the compactness is increased the farther the withdrawal tube 12 extends into the spinning tube 7. For this reason the withdrawal tube 12 may, alone or together with its drive 14, be shifted in axial direction of the tube 12 towards the right or the left as indicated by the arrows G and H so that the tube 12 as shown in FIG. 2 or the tube 17 with the conical end portion 18 as shown in FIG. 3 extends to a greater or lesser degree into the spinning tube 7. In this case, the end wall 22 shown in FIG. 3 has of course to be fixedly connected to the remainder of the spinning tube.
  • the axial adjustability of the withdrawal tube provides a simple means to compact the fiber strand to a greater or lesser degree.
  • the method and apparatus according to the present invention are used for producing a twisted fiber strand of increased tensile strength and compactness and the method and apparatus according to the present invention have proven especially advantageous if the amount of fibers introduced per time unit into the spinning tube is relatively great, respectively when the fiber strand is withdrawn at high speed from the spinning tube, or when the space for forming a strand from the whirling fibers is relatively small.
  • the withdrawal tube may be formed slightly different from the forms as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, for instance instead of a cone 18 other means may be provided to introduce free flying fibers into the strand, and for this purpose the portion of the withdrawal tube projecting into the spinning tube 7 may be provided on the circumference thereof with a plurality of openings communicating with the interior of the tube, or appropriate guide vanes may be provided on the spinning tube 7 projecting into the interior thereof.
  • the withdrawal tube 12 may also have an inner diameter decreasing from the inner toward the outer end thereof and such decrease of the inner diameter may either be formed in steps or in a continuous manner.
  • the withdrawal tube may also be formed from a plurality of coaxial sections rotated at different speeds, whereby the speed of successive sections preferably increases in direction of movement of the strand passing therethrough. To obtain such a result appropriate drives for the tube sections must be provided.
  • the method according to the present invention permits to vary the compactness, tensile strength, the absorbency and impregnation capacity of the produced strand within wide limits.
  • the withdrawability of the strand from cylindrical spools is thereby greatly increased which is important for further processing of the strand at a high speed. Due to the improved withdrawal of the strand from a spool or bobbin on which it is wound the total amount of yarn wound on a bobbin may be increased from 1 kilogram to about 4 to 5 kilograms, which in turn reduces the necessary time for exchanging the bobbins during weaving to a fourth respectively to a fifth.
  • the method of the present invention permits also the weaver to vary the structure, that is the compactness of the produced fabric without changing the spacings between the weft and warp threads.
  • This permits also in a very simple manner to vary the possibility of the weft and warp threads to shift in the produced fa'bric relative to each other or to vary the absorbency, the impregnation capability and the stiffness of the produced fabric.
  • a method of manufacturing twisted fiber strands comprising, the steps of guiding a stream of air with fibers suspended therein along a stationary, a concave and continuous surface of circular cross-section in direction transverse to the axis of said surface; withdrawing the fibers along the axis of said surface to form a strand of fibers; and rotating the air surrounding said strand at high speed about the strand axis so as to twist at least the outer layer of said strand about said axis.
  • Apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands comprising, in combination, a stationary hollow member of substantially circular cross section; means for guiding staple fibers substantially parallel to each other and transverse to the axis of said member into the latter and for subjecting the same therein to a rotary motion substantially about the axis of said member; a tube coaxial with said member and extending with an end portion through an end wall of said member into the latter; means mounting said tube turnable about its axis relative to said stationary member; means cooperating with the tube for rotating the same about its axis relative to said stationary member and means for withdrawing a strand of fibers formed in said member in axial direction through said tube, said tube having an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of said strand of fibers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Coiling Of Filamentary Materials In General (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US579632A 1965-09-16 1966-09-15 Method and apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands from staple fibers,especially from glass staple fibers Expired - Lifetime US3425204A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG0044694 1965-09-16

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US3425204A true US3425204A (en) 1969-02-04

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US579632A Expired - Lifetime US3425204A (en) 1965-09-16 1966-09-15 Method and apparatus for manufacturing twisted fiber strands from staple fibers,especially from glass staple fibers

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US (1) US3425204A (sv)
AT (1) AT283629B (sv)
BE (1) BE686970A (sv)
ES (1) ES331179A1 (sv)
GB (1) GB1164102A (sv)
NL (1) NL155603B (sv)
SE (1) SE304089B (sv)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10086571B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2018-10-02 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Pre-stressed fiber reinforcing member and method for its manufacture
US10195818B2 (en) 2014-08-13 2019-02-05 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Reinforcing article

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2700866A (en) * 1953-07-24 1955-02-01 Peter M Strang Method of concatenating fibrous elements
CA536990A (en) * 1957-02-12 C. Riedel Johann Process for preparing a yarn without using cards or spindles
US2808697A (en) * 1955-04-14 1957-10-08 Harrison B Williams Textile spinning
US2911783A (en) * 1959-11-10 Process and apparatus for spinning a yarn
US3330008A (en) * 1964-09-21 1967-07-11 Werner Hugo Wilhelm D Schuller Apparatus for manufacturing slivers or yarns from glass filaments or the like

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA536990A (en) * 1957-02-12 C. Riedel Johann Process for preparing a yarn without using cards or spindles
US2911783A (en) * 1959-11-10 Process and apparatus for spinning a yarn
US2700866A (en) * 1953-07-24 1955-02-01 Peter M Strang Method of concatenating fibrous elements
US2808697A (en) * 1955-04-14 1957-10-08 Harrison B Williams Textile spinning
US3330008A (en) * 1964-09-21 1967-07-11 Werner Hugo Wilhelm D Schuller Apparatus for manufacturing slivers or yarns from glass filaments or the like

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10195818B2 (en) 2014-08-13 2019-02-05 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Reinforcing article
US10857757B2 (en) 2014-08-13 2020-12-08 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Reinforcing article
US10086571B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2018-10-02 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Pre-stressed fiber reinforcing member and method for its manufacture
US11325329B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2022-05-10 Integrated Composite Products, Inc. Pre-stressed fiber reinforcing member and method for its manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE686970A (sv) 1967-02-15
NL6613091A (sv) 1967-03-17
GB1164102A (en) 1969-09-17
SE304089B (sv) 1968-09-16
AT283629B (de) 1970-08-10
ES331179A1 (es) 1967-07-01
NL155603B (nl) 1978-01-16

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