US3424578A - Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn - Google Patents

Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3424578A
US3424578A US644460A US3424578DA US3424578A US 3424578 A US3424578 A US 3424578A US 644460 A US644460 A US 644460A US 3424578D A US3424578D A US 3424578DA US 3424578 A US3424578 A US 3424578A
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permanent magnets
yco5
magnets
mixtures
particles
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US644460A
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English (en)
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Karl J Strnat
Gary I Hoffer
John C Olson
Werner Ostertag
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United States Department of the Air Force
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United States Department of the Air Force
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/928—Magnetic property

Definitions

  • yttrium pentiacobaltide YCo5. It is to be understood that neither the discovery tof YCo5 per se or its property of ferromagnetism is alleged but rather a specific process for treating YCo5 and related compounds to form a permanent magnet.
  • ferromagnet and permanent magnet are by no means synonymous.
  • the tirst term simply indicates the existence of an ordered ⁇ arrangement of the atomic magnetic spin moments, a basic physical phenomenon also found in iron and in many other substances.
  • a permament magnre however, is a specific device for technological application. While a material has to be ferroor ferri-magnetic to qualify for use in permanent magnets, the properties demanded of the latter are not inherent in any ferromagnetic material, The material must have a certain combination of basic properties -which may be optimized by such measures as adding alloying elements or heat treating. Furthermore, rather complicated processing of the material is usually necessary to produce a permanent magnet with the best possible properties.
  • the present invention consists essentially of a novel method of preparing a permanent magnetic material and the product resulting therefrom which is characterized by a high saturation magnetization, a reasonably high Curie temperature of several hundred degrees C., and high coercive force.
  • the permanent magnets 'made by the present method are made from particles with magneto-crystalline anisotropy instead of shape anisotropy, and thereby avoid a number of disadvantages noted of the latter.
  • the permanent magnets of the present invention nd application in communication equipment, control devices, navigational instruments, auxiliary power generators, etc. Specific examples include instruments which are based on the galvanometer principle, small electrical motors and generators, microwave tubes (in magnetrons and as focusing magnets in traveling wave tubes), biasing magnets for relays, microphones and telephones, and loudspeakers.
  • instruments which are based on the galvanometer principle, small electrical motors and generators, microwave tubes (in magnetrons and as focusing magnets in traveling wave tubes), biasing magnets for relays, microphones and telephones, and loudspeakers.
  • the use of magnets in motors to replace the conventional stator windings is rapidly gaining acceptance and, while until recently only very small rotating electrical machines were built this way, permanent magnets are now invading tihe medium-power motor field.
  • New concepts for equipment to be used on board of airor spacecraft are presently under study which require strong, large-volume, steady magnetic elds such as magnetohydrodyn-amic energy converters, devices which would direct the flow of hot plasma or of radiation particles around a space vehicle, and miagneto-plasmadynamic engines for space vehicles.
  • FIGURE 1 is a graph showing the intrinsic coercive force of powders produced by ballmilling plotted as a function of grinding time and particle diameter;
  • iFIGURE 2 is a graph showing the magnetization curves of a spherical single crystal of YCo5 measured in the easy and hard directions.
  • the present invention is predicated rupon the discovery that permanent magnet materials or alloys having a potential energy product which surpasses available permanent magnet material by a factor of over 2.5 can be prepared from (1) a rare earth metallic component selected from the group consisting -of yttrium, scandium, lauthanum, cerium, praeseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lholminurn, erbiurn, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetivum including mixtures thereof and (2) a second metallic component selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese and iron including mixtures thereof.
  • the permanent magnet materials of the present invention are prepared by melting together the desired amounts of the two general components, such as Y and Co, under a protective noble gas atmosphere or under a vacuum.
  • rDhis step may be effected by arc melting on a cold copper hearth, induction melting in pure alumina crucibles, or containerless levitationmelting so as to avoid crncible contamination.
  • the resulting alloy, such as YCo5 can be formed in -30 gram buttons and then crushed and thereafter ground in .a ball mill or a vibratory mill.
  • the particles of the alloy are bonded together which may be effected by several methods.
  • an organic resin or plastic binder such as an epoxy resin
  • an organic resin or plastic binder such as an epoxy resin
  • ⁇ magnets that are sturdy, easy to shape, and corrosion resistant. They will not be usable at temperatures much above room temperature.
  • High temperature capability may be achieved by sintering or hotpressing the powder without a binder, or with an inorganic binder such ⁇ as boron nitride or a metal power.
  • magnetic eld of at least several kilo-oersteds must be applied before or during the consolidation if oriented magnets with optimum magnetic properties are desired.
  • the nely divided particles of YCo5 have been formed into magnets by the following three different methods: (l) The powder was mixed with molten paraffin and the mixture permitted to solidify in a magnetic field of -l4K oe.; (2) The powder was compacted to ya density of -60 volume percent by means of a hydraulic press in a field of -6K oe. and the resulting magnet soaked in a polystyrene solution and subsequently dried; (3) The powder was stirred into a quick-setting epoxy resin which hardened while the magnet was in a homogeneous 20K oe. field.
  • YCo5 was found to have a single easy magnetic direction, the c-axis, and no detectable anisotropy in the basal plane in which the crystal is hardest to magnetize.
  • the maximum applied external field of -45K oe. t was by far insucient to saturate the crystal in a direction in the basal plane.
  • a straight line extrapolation of the M vs. H curve for the basal plane yields a saturation eld HAl32K oe. (also called anisotropy eld). Based on this extrapolation one can calculate the extremely high anisotropy constant.
  • EXAMPLE I The metals yttrium (Y) and cobalt (Co), both commercial products of 99.9% nominal purity, were mixed in the weight ratio of l to 3.31 (atomic ratio 1:5). Peasize lumps or chips from machining on a lathe were used. In the latter case, it was found advantageous to precompact the charge to prevent loss of chips during melting.
  • the charges of 5 to l0 lgrams were melted in a levitation furnace (USAF Technical Documentary Report No. ML-TDR-64-90, A Levitation Melting Apparatus for tihe Preparation of Ultrapure Samples of Reactive Materials, by John C.
  • the YCo5 alloy was prepared by fusing the alloying constituents Y and Co in an arc melting furnace having a water-cooled copper hearth and a nonconsumable tungsten electrode. Melting was done under a protective atmosphere of either pure argon gas or an argon-helium mixture, the charges weighing between 30 and ⁇ 60 grams. Each charge was melted and resolidied three to four times to assure good mixing, the buttons were turned over between meltings. The ingot usually broke into several pieces under the thermal stress. They were vacuum-annealed for five days at 1,100 C. The material prepared in this manner was again crushed to a coarse powder in the steel mortar. 100 g.
  • the application form must be a true solution or a colloidal suspension of particles having an average size below -0.l,u.
  • the application viscosity must be centipoise (cps.), preferably on the order of 1 cp.
  • the boiling point of the solvent should tbe under C., preferably near 50 C; the coating left on the particles after evaporation of the solvent must bond them into a solid body under pressures of less than 50,000 p.s.i. at temperatures below 70 C.; the resulting plastic must have very low absorption for water from the atmosphere.
  • a -resin to be effective as a binder or matrix for coercive force specimens should have the following general properties:
  • a method of making a permanent magnet comprising the steps of:
  • pulverizing an alloy consisting essentially of a rst component A selected from the group consisting of Y, Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu an-d mixtures thereof and a second component B selected from the group consisting of (a) Co alone, (b) Co and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Mn and Fe in the ratio of 11 to 22 atomic percent for component A and 78 to 89 atomic percent for component B,
  • component A is yttrium and component B is cobalt.
  • component A is yttrium-rich tmischmetal and component B is cobalt.
  • CARL D. QUARFORTH Primary Examiner.
  • A. I. STEINER Assistant Examiner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
US644460A 1967-06-05 1967-06-05 Method of producing permanent magnets of rare earth metals containing co,or mixtures of co,fe and mn Expired - Lifetime US3424578A (en)

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US (1) US3424578A (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT290865B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE716121A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH500573A (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES355020A1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1567697A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1216607A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL6807894A (en, 2012)
RO (1) RO55788A (en, 2012)
YU (1) YU33213B (en, 2012)

Cited By (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3501358A (en) * 1967-08-30 1970-03-17 Gen Electric Method of making permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3523836A (en) * 1967-01-21 1970-08-11 Philips Corp Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r
US3546030A (en) * 1966-06-16 1970-12-08 Philips Corp Permanent magnets built up of m5r
DE2121452A1 (de) * 1970-04-30 1971-11-25 Gen Electric Wärmegealterte, gesinterte intermetallische Verbindung aus Kobalt und seltenem Erdmetall und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3625779A (en) * 1969-08-21 1971-12-07 Gen Electric Reduction-fusion process for the production of rare earth intermetallic compounds
US3639181A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-02-01 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth bodies and method of production
US3639182A (en) * 1969-03-27 1972-02-01 Gen Electric Method for improving the effectiveness of a magnetic field for magnetizing permanent magnets
US3652343A (en) * 1970-09-14 1972-03-28 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3655464A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Process of preparing a liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3655463A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic process using solid sintering additive
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3806743A (en) * 1970-02-09 1974-04-23 Omega Brandt & Freres Sa Louis Oscillating harological motor
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3855017A (en) * 1971-06-15 1974-12-17 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Powderized cobalt rare earth metal compounds and process for making such compounds
DE2435077A1 (de) * 1973-07-20 1975-02-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dauermagnetmaterialien
US3878412A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-04-15 Kurpanek W H Magneto-motive reciprocating device
US3891876A (en) * 1973-12-21 1975-06-24 Singer Co Permanent magnet electric motor having a non-ferrous solid armature
US3901741A (en) * 1973-08-23 1975-08-26 Gen Electric Permanent magnets of cobalt, samarium, gadolinium alloy
US3905839A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3905840A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3909645A (en) * 1974-07-10 1975-09-30 Singer Co Permanent magnet motor-tachometer having a single non-ferrous armature wound with two mutually-insulated windings each connected to a separate commutator
US3919003A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3919004A (en) * 1970-04-30 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3919001A (en) * 1974-03-04 1975-11-11 Crucible Inc Sintered rare-earth cobalt magnets comprising mischmetal plus cerium-free mischmetal
US3949351A (en) * 1974-06-03 1976-04-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Variable delay line
US3950194A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-04-13 Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet materials
US3956031A (en) * 1969-12-24 1976-05-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Magnetic materials and the formation thereof
US3977917A (en) * 1974-06-17 1976-08-31 Tohoku Metal Industries Limited Permanent magnet materials
US3982971A (en) * 1974-02-21 1976-09-28 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd Rare earth-containing permanent magnets
JPS51122405A (en) * 1973-03-13 1976-10-26 Seiko Epson Corp Pickup cartridge
US3997371A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-12-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet
US4011478A (en) * 1975-06-02 1977-03-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Magnetic speed sensing mechanism
US4059775A (en) * 1976-11-22 1977-11-22 Control Data Corporation Linear motor
US4082582A (en) * 1974-12-18 1978-04-04 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited As - cast permanent magnet sm-co-cu material, with iron, produced by annealing and rapid quenching
US4101348A (en) * 1970-07-30 1978-07-18 Spin Physics Process for preparing hot-pressed sintered alloys
US4110645A (en) * 1976-02-23 1978-08-29 Vibrac Corporation Electric motor
US4116726A (en) * 1974-12-18 1978-09-26 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company Limited As-cast permanent magnet Sm-Co-Cu material with iron, produced by annealing and rapid quenching
US4152178A (en) * 1978-01-24 1979-05-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Sintered rare earth-iron Laves phase magnetostrictive alloy product and preparation thereof
DE3119927A1 (de) * 1980-05-23 1982-04-29 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo Seltenerdmetall enthaltende legierungen fuer dauermagnete
US4375372A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Use of cubic rare earth-iron laves phase intermetallic compounds as magnetostrictive transducer materials
US4378258A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy
US4544904A (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-10-01 Kishore Tarachand Composite magnet and magnetic circuit
US4585473A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-04-29 Crucible Materials Corporation Method for making rare-earth element containing permanent magnets
US4710242A (en) * 1980-08-11 1987-12-01 Fujitsu Limited Material for temperature sensitive elements
US4810572A (en) * 1986-02-17 1989-03-07 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. Permanent magnet and process for producing the same
US4832891A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-23 Eastman Kodak Company Method of making an epoxy bonded rare earth-iron magnet
US20130076469A1 (en) * 2011-09-26 2013-03-28 Yongjun Hu Novel composite permanent magnetic material and preparation method thereof
WO2016144811A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-15 SDCmaterials, Inc. Coated magnetic particle and methods of making and using the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2110755A5 (en, 2012) * 1970-10-29 1972-06-02 Sermag

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US2384215A (en) * 1944-07-03 1945-09-04 Hpm Dev Corp Powder metallurgy
GB590392A (en) * 1942-04-07 1947-07-16 Electro Chimie Metal Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of magnets
US2661387A (en) * 1949-09-10 1953-12-01 Basf Ag Porous electrode plates and process for making such articles
US2825670A (en) * 1952-08-21 1958-03-04 Adams Edmond Permanent magnet and process for making same
US2849312A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-08-26 Milton J Peterman Method of aligning magnetic particles in a non-magnetic matrix
US3180012A (en) * 1963-07-12 1965-04-27 Du Pont Cobalt alloys
US3287112A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-11-22 Selas Corp Of America Production of filter membranes
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US1893330A (en) * 1928-08-07 1933-01-03 Charles L Jones Permeable metal and method of making the same
GB590392A (en) * 1942-04-07 1947-07-16 Electro Chimie Metal Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of magnets
US2384215A (en) * 1944-07-03 1945-09-04 Hpm Dev Corp Powder metallurgy
US2661387A (en) * 1949-09-10 1953-12-01 Basf Ag Porous electrode plates and process for making such articles
US2825670A (en) * 1952-08-21 1958-03-04 Adams Edmond Permanent magnet and process for making same
US2849312A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-08-26 Milton J Peterman Method of aligning magnetic particles in a non-magnetic matrix
US3322536A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-05-30 Stephen D Stoddard Tungsten slip casting method
US3180012A (en) * 1963-07-12 1965-04-27 Du Pont Cobalt alloys
US3287112A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-11-22 Selas Corp Of America Production of filter membranes

Cited By (52)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546030A (en) * 1966-06-16 1970-12-08 Philips Corp Permanent magnets built up of m5r
US3523836A (en) * 1967-01-21 1970-08-11 Philips Corp Permanent magnet constituted of fine particles of a compound m5r
US3501358A (en) * 1967-08-30 1970-03-17 Gen Electric Method of making permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3839102A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-10-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Permanent magnet
US3790414A (en) * 1967-11-15 1974-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd As-CAST, RARE-EARTH-Co-Cu PERMANENT MAGNET MATERIAL
US3664892A (en) * 1968-01-31 1972-05-23 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3639182A (en) * 1969-03-27 1972-02-01 Gen Electric Method for improving the effectiveness of a magnetic field for magnetizing permanent magnets
US3625779A (en) * 1969-08-21 1971-12-07 Gen Electric Reduction-fusion process for the production of rare earth intermetallic compounds
US3956031A (en) * 1969-12-24 1976-05-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Magnetic materials and the formation thereof
US3806743A (en) * 1970-02-09 1974-04-23 Omega Brandt & Freres Sa Louis Oscillating harological motor
US3919004A (en) * 1970-04-30 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3655463A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic process using solid sintering additive
US3655464A (en) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-11 Gen Electric Process of preparing a liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
DE2121452A1 (de) * 1970-04-30 1971-11-25 Gen Electric Wärmegealterte, gesinterte intermetallische Verbindung aus Kobalt und seltenem Erdmetall und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3639181A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-02-01 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth bodies and method of production
US4101348A (en) * 1970-07-30 1978-07-18 Spin Physics Process for preparing hot-pressed sintered alloys
US3652343A (en) * 1970-09-14 1972-03-28 Gen Electric Permanent magnet material powders having superior magnetic characteristics
US3755007A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-08-28 Gen Electric Stabilized permanent magnet comprising a sintered and quenched body of compacted cobalt-rare earth particles
US3855017A (en) * 1971-06-15 1974-12-17 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Powderized cobalt rare earth metal compounds and process for making such compounds
US3919003A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3905839A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Liquid sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US4375372A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Use of cubic rare earth-iron laves phase intermetallic compounds as magnetostrictive transducer materials
US4378258A (en) * 1972-03-16 1983-03-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Conversion between magnetic energy and mechanical energy
US3905840A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3919002A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-11-11 Gen Electric Sintered cobalt-rare earth intermetallic product
US3878412A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-04-15 Kurpanek W H Magneto-motive reciprocating device
JPS51122405A (en) * 1973-03-13 1976-10-26 Seiko Epson Corp Pickup cartridge
US3950194A (en) * 1973-07-20 1976-04-13 Matsushita Electrical Industrial Co., Ltd. Permanent magnet materials
DE2435077A1 (de) * 1973-07-20 1975-02-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Dauermagnetmaterialien
US3901741A (en) * 1973-08-23 1975-08-26 Gen Electric Permanent magnets of cobalt, samarium, gadolinium alloy
US3997371A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-12-14 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet
US3891876A (en) * 1973-12-21 1975-06-24 Singer Co Permanent magnet electric motor having a non-ferrous solid armature
US3982971A (en) * 1974-02-21 1976-09-28 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd Rare earth-containing permanent magnets
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES355020A1 (es) 1969-11-16
CH500573A (de) 1970-12-15
NL6807894A (en, 2012) 1968-12-06
GB1216607A (en) 1970-12-23
YU33213B (en) 1976-06-30
BE716121A (en, 2012) 1968-11-04
FR1567697A (en, 2012) 1969-05-16
YU121468A (en) 1975-12-31
RO55788A (en, 2012) 1974-03-01
AT290865B (de) 1971-06-25

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