US3423513A - Furnace having housing wall shielding furnace packing - Google Patents

Furnace having housing wall shielding furnace packing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3423513A
US3423513A US601596A US3423513DA US3423513A US 3423513 A US3423513 A US 3423513A US 601596 A US601596 A US 601596A US 3423513D A US3423513D A US 3423513DA US 3423513 A US3423513 A US 3423513A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
cover
pump
packing
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US601596A
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English (en)
Inventor
Thaddaus Kraus
Roman Schertler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balzers Patent und Beteiligungs AG
Original Assignee
Balzers Patent und Beteiligungs AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Balzers Patent und Beteiligungs AG filed Critical Balzers Patent und Beteiligungs AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3423513A publication Critical patent/US3423513A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/04—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere

Definitions

  • a closed evacuable furnace includes a substantially cylindrical furnace housing which is closed at its bottom end,and has an opposite end with a flanged opening for receiving a cover member.
  • the cover member is of hoodshaped configuration and includes a flange around the shoulder portion of the hood which engages with the flange of the housing to form a vacuum-tight closure.
  • the cylindrical housing includes a side wall with a fitting for connecting the apparatus to an evacuation pump.
  • the hood construction includes a cylindrical wall portion which extends inwardly into the housing at a spaced location from the interior walls thereof and provides a shield around a furnace heating area defined between the housing bottom and the interior of the substantially cylindrical wall of the cover.
  • a heater is mounted in the housing and extends upwardly into the cover.
  • the invention deals with furnaces which are maintained at a pressure which is below atmospheric pressure so that sealing of the various housing parts of the furnace using conventional sealing elements such as plastic gaskets or rubber gaskets presents a great problem.
  • sealing materials must not be overheated since they tend to become brittle and unusable when subjected to excessive heat.
  • the sealing materials will give off gases upon excessive heating if a high vacuum is maintained within the furnace which interfere with the heating processes to be carried out.
  • a further diflicult problem is encountered in the construction of such high temperature vacuum furnaces in the connection of the pump to the furnace. This requires not only additional gaskets for the pump nipple and any valves which must also be protected against overheating, but also the radiant heat flowing into the pump nipples may cause evaporation of the lubricants and the fuels used in the oil vapor pumps and any existing oil traps and penetration of the vapors get into the furnace heating area. This, of course, will mean a loss of the lubricants or fuels in the pump, but also the gases and vapors which will form will have a deleterious effect on the materials being treated in the furnace. In analytical apparatus, an undesired gas source is additionallyproduced.
  • a furnace constructed with at least two interengageable furnace wall parts which are sealed in respect to each other and with at least one of the parts being fashioned to extend downwardly into the other part and around an area which is to be subject to the heating inorder to shield the surrounding area and particularly the packing Patented Jan. 21, 1969 "ice between the parts and the associated pump connections, etc., against the high temperatures.
  • the closed evacuable furnace is provided with a fixed housing part which carries a pump connection and which also supports a hood-shaped cover which in the closed position of the furnace protrudes into the fixed part and shields the associated packing connections between the parts against high temperatures which exist within the shielded part during operation.
  • the furnace includes a bottom housing portion which is of doublewalled construction with means for circulating a cooling fluid through the space between the double walls and a central cylinder connection for connecting a pipe nipple to an evacuating pump which supports a flange portion of a substantially dome-shaped double-walled top part or cover having means for circulating a cooling fluid in the space between the walls, the cover being such that it extends downwardly into the bottom portion and provides a central furnace heating area and shields the remaining portions of the housing from the high temperatures of the heating area.
  • a furnace which is connected to a pump for evacuating the furnace to maintain a pressure within the furnace below atmosphere
  • a housing portion is formed of a substantially cylindrical configuration in the manner of a hood providing a shield between a high temperature heating area of the furnace and the surrounding portion of the furnace in order to shield the packing elements in the surrounding portion of the furnace against high temperatures.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a furnace which is adapted to operate at pressures below atmospheric pressures and which includes a connection for connecting the furnace to an evacuation pump wherein the bottom portion of the furnace and the top portion are of double-walled construction and have means for circulating a cooling liquid therethrough, with at least one of these portions being of substantially U-shaped configuration and forming a hood within the central portion of the furnace protecting the surrounding areas including the packing and the pump connection from the high temperatures within the central portion of the furnace.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a furnace which is simple in design, rugged in construction and economical to manufacture.
  • the invention embodied therein comprises a furnace structure generally designated 20 which includes a double-walled 'bottom portion generally designated 3, a double-walled hood-shaped cover or top portion generally designated 4, and an intermediate cylindrical portion or flange member 1 having a nipple or connecting flange 2 for connecting the furnace to a pump (not shown) for evacuating the air therefrom in order to provide operation within the interior of the furnace at a predetermined vacuum.
  • a cooling fluid is circulated through an inlet opening 3a and a discharge opening 3b of the bottom portion and through an inlet opening 4a and a discharge opening 411 of the top portion.
  • Combination heating electrodes and supports 6, 6 extend through the bottom wall 3 and are connected to a heating element 5 to supply the necessary current for the operation thereof.
  • the exterior of the supports 6, 6 are connected to respective electrical current supply lines 7, 7.
  • the cover portion 4 advantageously includes a cylindrical portion 8a which is closed by a glass cover 8 with the interposition of suitable packing 8b. Inspection of the operating conditions within the furnace and particularly within a shielded chamber portion 22 defined centrally within the cover 4 may be viewed through the window 8.
  • the cover 4 is also provided with a flange extension 24 which is seated on an internal flange formation 26 of the intermediate portion 1 and a suitable sealing ring 9 is interposed in a groove 26a of the flange 26.
  • An external flange 28 is formed at the lower end of the intermediate portion and it seats on a flange Portion 30 of the bottom member 3.
  • a sealing ring 10 is disposed within a groove 30a of the flange portion 30.
  • the nipple 2 is provided with a flange 2a having an annular groove 2b for accommodating a sealing ring 11 for interposition between it and a flange of the connecting member of a pump (not shown).
  • the cover member 4 is designed as a hood and it extends downwardly through the intermediate portion 1 and into the bottom portion 3 sufliciently to provide a complete shield of the chamber 22 at which the high temperatures of the operating furnace will be concentrated.
  • the cover 4 provides a protection of the pump (not shown) which is connected to the nipple 2 as well as all of the gasket elements 9, 10 and 11 which will be shielded against radiant heat and against the vapors issuing upon heating of the material to be treated in the chamber portion 22.
  • the heating apparatus 5 and the connections 6,6 for supplying suflicient current for operation thereof is of conventional design and is not set forth in detail.
  • An evacuable heating furnace comprising a double wall substantially cylindrical bottom portion, a heater supported on said bottom portion, terminal means for said heater extending through said bottom portion, an intermediate cylindrical portion having a nipple connection for connecting said furnace to an evacuation pump, a hoodshaped cover portion having wall portions of double wall construction extending downwardly into said furnace through said intermediate portion and a portion of said bottom portion and surrounding said heater, said hood shaped cover, said intermediate portion and said bottom portion each having flanges which are interengaged and which are sealed by packing, said cover defining a high temperature reaction furnace area therewithin and shielding the packing and said pump nipple connection against the high temperatures surrounding said heater.
  • An evacuable heating furnace comprising a double wall substantially cylindrical bottom portion, a heater supported on said bottom portion, an intermediate cylindrical portion having a nipple connection for connecting said furnace to an evacuation pump, a hood-shaped cover having wall portions of double wall construction extending downwardly through said intermediate portion and a portion of said bottom portion and defining an unobstructed substantially cylindrical wall surrounding said heater, said cover, said intermediate portion and said bottom portion each having flanges which are interengaged and which are sealed by packing to form a vacuum-tight closure, said cover defining an unobstructed substantially cylindrical high temperature reaction furnace area therewithin opening downwardly to said bottom portion and shielding said pump nipple against the high temperature surrounding said heater.
  • An evacuable heating furnace including means for circulating a cooling fluid through the space between the double walls of said bottom portion and said cover.
  • hood shaped cover includes a central cylindrical window portion having an opening at its upper end, and a glass cover closing the opening of said cylindrical window portion and permitting viewing of said heater from the top of said cover.
  • An evacuable heating furnace including a pair of electrical terminal elements extending through the double wall of said bottom portion, and means for circulating a cooling medium in the space between said bottom portion double walls for cooling said bottom portion and said terminals.
  • a closed evacuable furnace including a cylindrical housing portion having a closed end and an opening at an opposite end with a sealing flange therearound and a side wall with a fitting for a pump connection, and a hoodshaped cover, said cover having an upper shoulder with an exterior outwardly extending flange disposed in sealing engagement with said sealing flange of said housing portion, said cover having a cylindrical wall extending downwardly from said shoulder and into said cylindrical housing portion below said pump fitting and terminating in an interior substantially circular unobstructed opening, said cover cylindrical wall being adapted to surround the material to be treated and to shield said pump fitting, and a heater mounted in said housing portion within said cover cylindrical wall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US601596A 1965-12-31 1966-12-14 Furnace having housing wall shielding furnace packing Expired - Lifetime US3423513A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1816765A CH450636A (de) 1965-12-31 1965-12-31 Geschlossener, evakuierbarer Ofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3423513A true US3423513A (en) 1969-01-21

Family

ID=4430984

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US601596A Expired - Lifetime US3423513A (en) 1965-12-31 1966-12-14 Furnace having housing wall shielding furnace packing

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3423513A (de)
CH (1) CH450636A (de)
DE (1) DE1283861B (de)
FR (1) FR1506976A (de)
GB (1) GB1117558A (de)
NL (1) NL6601290A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4753192A (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-06-28 Btu Engineering Corporation Movable core fast cool-down furnace

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0765974B2 (ja) * 1988-10-26 1995-07-19 セイコー電子工業株式会社 熱分析装置の加熱炉部冷却装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2266735A (en) * 1939-03-11 1941-12-23 Berghaus Glow discharge oven
US2826624A (en) * 1956-12-05 1958-03-11 Stanton L Reese Vapor shield for induction furnace
US2971039A (en) * 1957-11-26 1961-02-07 Hayes Inc C I Resistance heating element for vacuum furnaces and the like

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE708276C (de) * 1939-02-28 1941-07-17 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Wassergekuehlter Deckel fuer Schmelzoefen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2266735A (en) * 1939-03-11 1941-12-23 Berghaus Glow discharge oven
US2826624A (en) * 1956-12-05 1958-03-11 Stanton L Reese Vapor shield for induction furnace
US2971039A (en) * 1957-11-26 1961-02-07 Hayes Inc C I Resistance heating element for vacuum furnaces and the like

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4753192A (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-06-28 Btu Engineering Corporation Movable core fast cool-down furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH450636A (de) 1968-01-31
DE1283861B (de) 1968-11-28
FR1506976A (fr) 1967-12-22
GB1117558A (en) 1968-06-19
NL6601290A (de) 1967-07-03

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