US3423202A - Methods for refining pig iron - Google Patents
Methods for refining pig iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3423202A US3423202A US570173A US57017366A US3423202A US 3423202 A US3423202 A US 3423202A US 570173 A US570173 A US 570173A US 57017366 A US57017366 A US 57017366A US 3423202 A US3423202 A US 3423202A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- refining
- slag
- phase
- longitudinal axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/32—Blowing from above
Definitions
- a method of refining pig iron comprises the steps of carrying out two refining stages, separated by a, deslagging stage.
- an oxygen-containing gas is blown into a converter containing metal to be refined initially while the converter is stationary and subsequently while rotating the converter about its longitudinal axis.
- oxygen-containing gas is blown into the converter while rotating it about its longitudinalaxis.
- slight additional movement is applied to the converter towards the end of the second refining stage so as to bring about increased contact between slag and metal and thus stiffen the slag.
- the present invention concerns improvements in methods for the pneumatic refining of pig iron carried out in a symmetrical, solid bottomed converter adapted to rotate about its longitudinal axis, and in particular to the application of such methods to phosphorus-containing pig iron in the manufacture of steels with a low content of phosphorus.
- the method is well known at the present time of carrying out a pneumatic refining operation of pig iron in two phases -by means of an oxidising gas injected from above the bath into a symmetrical, solid bottomed converter adapted to rotate about its longitudinal axis.
- the first phase consists in keeping the converter in an upright position without any rotary motion and in blasting-in the oxidising gas onto and/or into the bath by means of a submerged lance, the necessary slagging agents being added in particulate and/or powder form.
- the second phase is started, during which the converter rotates about its longitudinal axis whilst the oxidising gas is blasted onto and/or into the bath, and the necessary slagging agents are introduced into the said bath in particulate and/ or powder form.
- the aim of the present invention is a method by which it is possible to overcome these disadvantages and to produce steels which have a very low content of phosphorus.
- the method of the invention in which pig iron is refined in two phases separated by deslagging, by means of an oxidising gas injected from above the bath into a solid bottomed converter adapted to rotate about its longitudinal axis, has the essential feature that the first phase is begun with the converter fixed in upright position and is terminated with the converter rotating about its longitudinal axis; the second phase, after deslagging being conducted with the converter rotating about its longitudinal axis.
- the period of rotation preceding the intermediate deslagging makes it possible easily and economically to produce steels with a very low phosphorus content in for instance lower than 0.015%, for low carbon steels (C, 0.15%), and lower than 0.025% for high carbon steels (C, 0.35
- the slags obtained have an iron content which does not exceed 10%, while maintaining the qualities necessary for their utilisation in agriculture.
- the foaming of the slag is less than if it had taken place in the upright phase, and it is accordingly possible to keep more slag in the refining vessel, which is obviously an advantage.
- the intermediate deslagging takes place when the carbon content of the bath is greater by 0.020% to 0.70% than the carbon content that it is desired finally to obtain.
- the relatively slight movement of the refining vessel can for instance be a rotation about its longitudinal axis inclined with respect to the horizontal, at a speed equal to or less than 10 rotations per minute.
- the said relatively slight movement of the refining vessel can also be brought about by a periodic oscillation about the pivot axis of the said vessel, the said axis being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel.
- EXAMPLE 1 FOR LOW CARBON STEEL
- 29 tons of pig iron were introduced, having 3.6% carbon and 1.9% phosphorus, together with 7,000 kgs. of scrap. Refining took place in two phases by means of pure oxygen, using the slag remaining from the preceding refining.
- the metal contained 0.8% carbon and 0.15% phosphorus.
- the temperature of the metal was 1590 C. and the metal contained 0.5% carbon and 0.8% phosphorus, the slag containing 9% iron.
- EXAMPLE 2 (FOR HIGH CARBON STEEL) 30 tons of pig iron of the same analysis as in Example 1 were introduced into the converter, together with 8 tons of scrap. Again, the slag remaining from the preceding refining process was used.
- the metal contained 1% carbon and 0.08% phosphorus, whereas the slag titrated 10% iron.
- a method for refining a bath of pig iron contained in a solid-bottomed converter which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis comprising the steps of (a) blowing an oxidising gas into the converter from above the bath of pig iron while maintaining the converter stationary in an upright position, in a first refining phase,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE40624 | 1965-09-02 | ||
| BE40698 | 1965-11-17 | ||
| LU50148 | 1965-12-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3423202A true US3423202A (en) | 1969-01-21 |
Family
ID=27158413
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US570173A Expired - Lifetime US3423202A (en) | 1965-09-02 | 1966-08-04 | Methods for refining pig iron |
Country Status (5)
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3540879A (en) * | 1967-06-27 | 1970-11-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method for controlling phosphorus removal in a basic oxygen furnace |
| US3844769A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-10-29 | A Calderon | Method of controlling emissions from furnaces |
| US3849117A (en) * | 1968-10-07 | 1974-11-19 | Foseco Int | Treatment of slags covering molten metals |
| US4431444A (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1984-02-14 | Skw Trostberg Ag | Process for reducing the iron content of cao-rich slags formed during the desulphurization of crude iron |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2853377A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1958-09-23 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Two step refining process in a tiltable rotary furnace |
| CA583431A (en) * | 1959-09-15 | K. E. Johansson Folke | Method of refining phosphorus containing pig iron with oxygen into steel in a rotating furnace | |
| GB831251A (en) * | 1957-03-12 | 1960-03-23 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Improvements relating to processes for refining phosphorus-containing pig iron |
| US3136626A (en) * | 1960-08-19 | 1964-06-09 | Lorraine Laminage | Method of refining cast-iron |
| US3172756A (en) * | 1965-03-09 | Process of dephosphorizing pig iron |
-
1965
- 1965-09-02 BE BE669135A patent/BE669135A/xx unknown
- 1965-11-17 BE BE672473A patent/BE672473A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-28 LU LU50148D patent/LU50148A1/xx unknown
-
1966
- 1966-06-27 BE BE683241A patent/BE683241A/xx unknown
- 1966-07-22 GB GB33034/66A patent/GB1100577A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-08-04 US US570173A patent/US3423202A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-08-09 NL NL6611214A patent/NL6611214A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA583431A (en) * | 1959-09-15 | K. E. Johansson Folke | Method of refining phosphorus containing pig iron with oxygen into steel in a rotating furnace | |
| US3172756A (en) * | 1965-03-09 | Process of dephosphorizing pig iron | ||
| US2853377A (en) * | 1954-11-25 | 1958-09-23 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Two step refining process in a tiltable rotary furnace |
| GB831251A (en) * | 1957-03-12 | 1960-03-23 | Phoenix Rheinrohr Ag | Improvements relating to processes for refining phosphorus-containing pig iron |
| US3136626A (en) * | 1960-08-19 | 1964-06-09 | Lorraine Laminage | Method of refining cast-iron |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3540879A (en) * | 1967-06-27 | 1970-11-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method for controlling phosphorus removal in a basic oxygen furnace |
| US3849117A (en) * | 1968-10-07 | 1974-11-19 | Foseco Int | Treatment of slags covering molten metals |
| US3844769A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1974-10-29 | A Calderon | Method of controlling emissions from furnaces |
| US4431444A (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1984-02-14 | Skw Trostberg Ag | Process for reducing the iron content of cao-rich slags formed during the desulphurization of crude iron |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE672473A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00033.png) | 1966-05-17 |
| GB1100577A (en) | 1968-01-24 |
| BE683241A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00033.png) | 1966-12-27 |
| BE669135A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00033.png) | 1966-03-02 |
| LU50148A1 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00033.png) | 1967-06-28 |
| NL6611214A (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00033.png) | 1967-03-03 |
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