US3422764A - Rifled projectile fuze for practice projectiles - Google Patents

Rifled projectile fuze for practice projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3422764A
US3422764A US450709A US45070965A US3422764A US 3422764 A US3422764 A US 3422764A US 450709 A US450709 A US 450709A US 45070965 A US45070965 A US 45070965A US 3422764 A US3422764 A US 3422764A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuze
casing
centrifugal
projectile
bolt
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US450709A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Kaiser
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MESSRS Gebr JUNGHANS AG
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MESSRS Gebr JUNGHANS AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/142—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes combined time and percussion fuzes in which the timing is caused by combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/08—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze with delayed action after ignition of fuze or after impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/141—Impact fuze in combination with a clockwork time fuze
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rifled projectile fuze for practice projectiles. This must ensure maximum safety, that is, enable the practice projectile to be fired also on shooting ranges of very restricted area. For this purpose it is not sufficient to fit as many as possible safety devices independent of each other for superquick and slowaction impact detonation. A deciding factor is also where these devices are arranged in the fuze.
  • the fuze is so constructed that, as is known per se, a superquick or sensitive impact fuze is arranged in the fuze point of the fuze head which is otherwise solid and through which a pressure transmission channel leads to the main detonation mechanism, which in turn is accommodated together with all safety devices in a fuze shaft casing located in the interior of the projectile casing and mounted on the fuze head.
  • a transmission bolt is therefore provided in front of the mouth of the pressure transmission channel and has several functions.
  • the main detonation mechanism In the main detonation mechanism it is attempted to attain a maximum degree of safety in its operation by double arrangement of fuze elements, a measure which is known per se. In particular a double arrangement of the self-destroying detonation charges is employed. At the same time uniform combustion of the two sets of charges must be attempted in order to avoid as far as possible disturbances in the equilibrium of the fuze and consequently of its trajectory. In addition, therefore, the invention also shows a way of producing uniform combustion of these sets of charges by a compensation of pressure between the two.
  • FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal section of the fuze in inoperative or rest position
  • FIG. 1a is a similar view through the fuze shaft casing, with the left half in inoperative and the right half in operative or live position, while FIGS. 1b and 1c are side and sectional views respectively showing details,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section through the fuze point taken on line 11 of FIG. 1, in the direction of the arrows,
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section on line 33 of FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b are cross-sections through the fuze shaft casing taken on the plane 3a3b, the fuze being in locked or safety position in FIG. 3a, while in FIG. 3b it is in unlocked or live state,
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section taken on line 44 of FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows,
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-section on line 55 of FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-section on line 6-6 of FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows
  • FIG. 6a is a cross-section on plane 6a-6a of FIG. 1a.
  • FIG. 7 is a part cross-section.
  • the fuze consists of a fuze shaft casing Sch in which the fuze head T is screwed from the front.
  • the shaft casing Sch is of such thickness that diametrically opposite axially parallel bores can be arranged therein in each of which a detonation charge 18 is accommodated.
  • a primer or ignition pellet 17 is located in front of each detonation charge set. In front of each primer pellet 17 there is a steadying pin bolt 12 mounted on a known blocking spring 16 and held by a transverse shear pin 11.
  • the fuze shaft casing Sch is closed at the front by a screw cover 37.
  • a corepiece 40 is slidable, on the front end of which a cover 41 carrying an axial socket 42 is screwed.
  • an axial transmission bolt 111 is located which is surrounded by a striker spring 133 which bears at its front end against a shoulder of its guide bore and at the rear end against a hammer casing 132 on the transmission bolt 111.
  • the hammer casing 132 is engaged from behind by centrifugal weights and 131 which maintain the striker spring under tension and are slidably mounted at the front on the housing of a time control mechanism 112.
  • the time control mechanism 112 is held in the corepiece 40 by the cover 41.
  • Two half-ring-shaped centrifugal segments 19 bear against the front end face of the socket 42 and engage behind a disc head 111a on the front end of the transmission bolt 111, thereby securing it against movement towards the rear. Both rear surfaces of the centrifugal segments 19 rest on a shear plate 13 which in turn rests on the front face of the axial socket 42.
  • centrifugal segments 19 are held together by a centrifugal coil spring 110 and this is secured from the front on the shear plate 13 by a steadying casing 14 which stands on the edge of the shear plate 13 and by a cup spring 15 which is firmly clamped by the screw cap 37.
  • this centrifugal safety device can also be differently constructed in that centrifugal levers can be substituted for the centrifugal cheeks or jaws.
  • a centrifugal lever 38, 39 is freely rotatable.
  • the centrifugal lever 39 has two noses 39a and 39b and the centrifugal lever 38 one nose 38a.
  • the lever 38 is loaded by a spiral spring in swung-in safety position, whereas the centrifugal lever 39 is freely rotatable about its axle 52.
  • both centrifugal levers 38 and 39 assume the position shown in FIG. 3a in which their noses 38a and 33a engage under the disc head 111a of the transmission bolt 111.
  • centrifugal lever 39 On one end the centrifugal lever 39 has a nose 35c which, in swung-in or safety position of the two levers, hooks in a curved recess 38b in the other centrifugal lever 38.
  • the centrifugal lever 38 swings out against the action of its spiral spring 51. As a result it unhooks the nose 390 on the lever 39 out of its curved recess 38b so that the centrifugal lever 39 can also swing outwards and entirely frees the transmission bolt 111.
  • This centrifugal safety device is less sensitive to jolts than a shear plate safety device.
  • each B or detonation set 18 there is a pellet holder swivel slide 43 (FIG. 6) which turns about an axle 44 mounted in the fuse shaft casing Sch and carries a detonator 114 so that in locked or safety position it is eccentrically displaced in front of a coordinated transmission pellet 134.
  • Wound around the axle 44 is a spiral spring 115 one end arm of which bears against the swivel slide 43 and the other end against a stationary pin 45.
  • These springs tend to hold the slide 43 in safety position, that is with their detonators 114 outside the firing channel coming from the B sets 18. They with their detonators 114 are turned behind the B sets .18 and held in their live position by spring bolts 116 (FIG. 7
  • retarding bolts 44 are loosely inserted in the slides, which, on firing, enter blind holes 45a in the closing bottom and only allow the turning movement 43 to commence under the influence of the centrifugal force after the acceleration of the projectile has terminated (FIGS. la and 6a).
  • centrifugal swivel slide 46 In the bottom of the corepiece 40, behind the time control clockwork mechanism 112 there is another centrifugal swivel slide 46 which is rotatable about an axle 47 and carries eccentricall'y a detonator .117. In locked or safety position, in which the detonator 1117 is displaced behind the primer or firing pin 113, this centrifugal swivel slide 46 is held by a control shaft 118 which projects at the rear from the housing of the time control clockwork mechanism 112 and rotatable by the clockwork mechanism. A blocking centrifugal ball 1.19 in a cell in the outer wall of the slide 46 is provided for fixing same in the live position.
  • a set pin bolt 120 which engages with its beveled rear edge 123 in two centrifugal jaws or checks 121 in known manner which are held together in safety position by a coil spring 122.
  • the centrifugal jaws or cheeks 121 bear against the front face of a screw plug 48 in which a primer pellet 124 is located behind the set pin bolt 120. From the primer pellet an axial fire channel 125 leads to the disc head 11a on the transmission bolt 111. Otherwise the fuze head T is solid.
  • a transmission charge 126 for the impact charge 49 Screwed in the corepiece 40 behind the detonator 117 in the centrifugal swivel slide 46 is a transmission charge 126 for the impact charge 49 which is located in an impact charge capsule 127 screwed onto the end of the fuze shaft casing Sch.
  • This unit is supported in front by a blocking spring 128 to prevent unintentional forward movement, the screw cap 37 forming the front abutment for this spring.
  • a guide pin 129 serves for preventing the pellet bolt unit from turning in the fuze shaft casing Sch.
  • Transmission pellets 134 are located between the detonators 114 in the centrifugal swivel slides 43 and the relay charge 49.
  • the two shear pins 11 are sheared by the backward-moving pin bolts 12.
  • the backward-moving retarding casing 14 shears off the edge of the shear plate 13 on which it rests.
  • the two retarding pin bolts pierce the primer pellets 17 thereby compressing their blocking springs 16. These pellets then ignite the two detonation charge sets 18.
  • the time control clockwork mechanism 112 When the centrifugal force due to the twist or rotation sets in, the time control clockwork mechanism 112 is also set in operation. After it has run-down a certain time it releases the primer pins 113 so that they are free to move.
  • the running-down time of the clockwork mechanism 112 corresponds to a field safety trajectory of 50 to 100 metres.
  • the two pellet holder centrifugal swivel slides 43 Under the action of the centrifugal force the two pellet holder centrifugal swivel slides 43 also swing outwards and turn their detonators 114 behind the B or detonation charge sets 18 of the pyrotechnical self-destroying detonation devices.
  • the pellet holder centrifugal swivel slides 43 are held in live or primed position by the spring bolts 116 (FIG. 7).
  • the control shaft 118 rotates in known manner, releases the centrifugal swivel slide 46 in the core piece 40 which turns its detonator 117 behind the firing pin 113 and is held in this live position by its centrifugal locking ball 119.
  • the pin bolt 120 is held in known manner during the acceleration of the projectile by the centrifugal segments 121, 122 which, when the acceleration ceases, fly outwards and release it, whereupon it creeps forward and bears against the inner side of the head diaphragm.
  • the penetrating target material knocks back the pin bolt 120 so that it pierces the primer pellet 124.
  • the fire gases developed thereby flash back through the axial fire channel 125 onto the disk head 11a of the transmission bolt 111.
  • the corepiece 40 with the clockwork mechanism 112 and the centrifugal swivel slide 46 located therein as well as the transmission pellet 126 then act as inertia or time-lag bolt. They all shoot forward against the action of the blocking spring 128.
  • the firing pin 113 which after being freed by the clockwork mechanism 112 is loosely shiftable, strikes with its front end against the rear face of the transmission bolt 111 which bears with its disc-shaped head 111a against the screw cap 37.
  • the transmission bolt 111 which is now firmly Supported, holds the firing pin 113 so that the primer pellet 117 advancing with the inertia pellet bolt unit is impaled on the primer pin 113, that is pierced. It ignites the explosive charge 127 through the intermediary of the transmission charge 126.
  • the fire channel 125 and the space in which the blocking spring 128 is accommodated act as expansion chambers.
  • FIG. 1a Its construction for this purpose is recognizable in FIG. 1a.
  • the fuze elements hitherto employed have the same reference as in FIG. 1.
  • the self-destroying B-set fuze is shown in inoperative position, whereas in the right half it is shown in operative state.
  • the stabilizing pin bolts are again designated by 12, their primer pellet by 17, the B-charge sets by 18. Between the primer pellet 17 and the B-set 18 a sleeve 35 is now introduced which is shown in top plan view in FIG. 1b and in central longitudinal section in FIG. 1c. It has an intermediate bottom with an axial fire hole 35a and the sleeve wall is slit crosswise below the intermediate bottom.
  • the guide casings for the stabilizing pin bolts 12 are now inserted with external play S in the slot bores in the thick wall of the fuze shaft casing Sch. The play S leads in front to an annular groove 3711 which is cut in the rear side of the screw cap 37.
  • the two B-sets are now brought into communication with each other through the intermediary of the cross-slits in the wall of the sleeve 35, the annular spaces formed by the play S and the annular groove 37a in the screw cap 37, so that a compensation of pressure can take place between the B-sets of the two self-destroying B-fuzes.
  • Rifled projectile fuze for practice projectile comprising a casing, a fuze head mounted on the casing, a main fuze ignition mechanism in the casing, said fuze head having a pressure transmission channel therein leading to the main fuze ignition mechanism, safety devices mounted in the casing, a transmission bolt having a disc head at the same end of the transmission channel as the main fuze mechanism and provided in the casing, a time-controlled mechanism in the casing adjacent the transmission bolt and having a primer pin therein in axial alignment with the transmission bolt, and an inertia internal housing in the casing having the time-controlled mechanism mounted therein and having a pellet holding means pivoted therein, the time control mechanism on forward travel of the projectile fuze causing the transmission bolt to cooperate with the transmission channel as a pneumatic piston and upon forward movement of the internal housing by inertia the time controlled mechanism and the pellet holding means strikes against the bottom of a fuze base and acts as an abutment for the primer pin which is driven into the primer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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US450709A 1965-04-23 1965-04-26 Rifled projectile fuze for practice projectiles Expired - Lifetime US3422764A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH567365A CH425549A (de) 1965-04-23 1965-04-23 Drallgeschosszünder für Übungsgeschosse

Publications (1)

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US3422764A true US3422764A (en) 1969-01-21

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US450709A Expired - Lifetime US3422764A (en) 1965-04-23 1965-04-26 Rifled projectile fuze for practice projectiles

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3422764A (enExample)
CH (1) CH425549A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1578481B2 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1106789A (enExample)
NL (1) NL140333B (enExample)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4421033A (en) * 1980-09-19 1983-12-20 S.A. Prb, Societe Anonyme Exercise projectile
US4553482A (en) * 1980-12-20 1985-11-19 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Practice projectile
US4567830A (en) * 1983-02-15 1986-02-04 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Impact fuze
US4697524A (en) * 1985-01-17 1987-10-06 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft After-firing safety
US4736682A (en) * 1984-12-19 1988-04-12 Rheinmetall Gmbh Fuse for self-destroying shell
US5576510A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-11-19 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Percussion fuse for ammunition
ES2115470A1 (es) * 1993-10-14 1998-06-16 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Dispositivo de ignicion y de seguridad para un proyectil de granada provisto de un suplemento de carga hueca.
US20220026186A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2022-01-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Test and/or practice ammunition

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US541588A (en) * 1895-06-25 Executor
US1531716A (en) * 1924-02-05 1925-03-31 Remondy Leon Emile Apparatus for transmitting the firing to the charge in projectiles of elongated shape
US1706802A (en) * 1925-07-24 1929-03-26 Schneider & Cie Means for igniting the bursting charge of projectiles
US2359777A (en) * 1940-01-29 1944-10-10 Wiley T Moore Fuse
US2593775A (en) * 1944-08-14 1952-04-22 Gen Time Corp Fuse
US2672094A (en) * 1946-09-18 1954-03-16 Claudius H M Roberts Fuze

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US541588A (en) * 1895-06-25 Executor
US1531716A (en) * 1924-02-05 1925-03-31 Remondy Leon Emile Apparatus for transmitting the firing to the charge in projectiles of elongated shape
US1706802A (en) * 1925-07-24 1929-03-26 Schneider & Cie Means for igniting the bursting charge of projectiles
US2359777A (en) * 1940-01-29 1944-10-10 Wiley T Moore Fuse
US2593775A (en) * 1944-08-14 1952-04-22 Gen Time Corp Fuse
US2672094A (en) * 1946-09-18 1954-03-16 Claudius H M Roberts Fuze

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4421033A (en) * 1980-09-19 1983-12-20 S.A. Prb, Societe Anonyme Exercise projectile
US4553482A (en) * 1980-12-20 1985-11-19 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Practice projectile
US4567830A (en) * 1983-02-15 1986-02-04 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Buhrle Ag Impact fuze
US4736682A (en) * 1984-12-19 1988-04-12 Rheinmetall Gmbh Fuse for self-destroying shell
US4697524A (en) * 1985-01-17 1987-10-06 Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft After-firing safety
ES2115470A1 (es) * 1993-10-14 1998-06-16 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Dispositivo de ignicion y de seguridad para un proyectil de granada provisto de un suplemento de carga hueca.
US5576510A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-11-19 Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Percussion fuse for ammunition
US20220026186A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2022-01-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Test and/or practice ammunition
US12085375B2 (en) * 2018-11-26 2024-09-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Test and/or practice ammunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1106789A (en) 1968-03-20
DE1578481A1 (de) 1971-03-18
NL6506048A (enExample) 1966-11-14
NL140333B (nl) 1973-11-15
DE1578481B2 (de) 1976-02-05
CH425549A (de) 1966-11-30

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