US3420067A - Production of piles and pile structures in the ground - Google Patents

Production of piles and pile structures in the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
US3420067A
US3420067A US577996A US3420067DA US3420067A US 3420067 A US3420067 A US 3420067A US 577996 A US577996 A US 577996A US 3420067D A US3420067D A US 3420067DA US 3420067 A US3420067 A US 3420067A
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Prior art keywords
anvil
pipe
pile
driving
earth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US577996A
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English (en)
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Sven-Erik Bjerking
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/385—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with removal of the outer mould-pipes

Definitions

  • a further object of the present invention is to simplify methods of forming cast piles in the earth and providing less expensive apparatus for the formation of such piles.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a method and means for driving pile-forming apparatus into the earth, providing reinforcing means for the piles and casting piles all in one continuous operation.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to make it possible to control the position of the pile shoe both before and after the removal of the anvil pipe by utilizing reinforcing rods of finite lengths secured to the pile shoe and after having cast the piles utilizing the upper ends of the reinforcing rods as levelling means.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a pile-forming apparatus in which the air entrapped in the anvil pipe may escape and in which the apparatus is independent of any casting material that may have penetrated upwards.
  • FIGURE 1 is a vertical cross-section of the pile-forming apparatus
  • FIGURE 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1
  • FIGURE 3 is a horizontal cross-section taken along the line 33 of FIGURE 1
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-section taken along the line 44 of FIGURE 1
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross-section similar to FIGURE 3 except that the device is in an unlatched condition
  • FIGURE 6 is a partial side elevation showing the latch position of the apparatus in the condition shown in FIGURE 5
  • FIGURE 7 is a right side, vertical cross- Cir "ice
  • FIGURE 8 is a right side view of the pile-forming apparatus of the present invention in exploded form
  • FIGURE 9 is a partial, vertical cross-section of the right side of one modification of the pile-forming apparatus of the present invention
  • FIGURE 10 is a horizontal crosssection taken along the line 10-10 of FIGURE 9
  • FIG- URE 11 shows a plurality of cast, interconnected piles formed in accordance with two variations of the present method
  • FIGURE 12 is a cross-section of an individual cast pile formed in accordance with the method of the present invention.
  • the numeral 10 generically designates the pile-driving and casting material supply unit of the apparatus.
  • the numeral 12 generically refers to the stamping or anvil unit of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • the numeral 14 generically represents the pile shoe of the present invention.
  • the pile-driving and casting material supply unit includes a casting material hopper 16 into which the casting material is poured. Hopper 16 has its lower end tapered downwardly to terminate at its lower end in a throat or small cylindrical outlet 18. Outlet 18 is in open communication with casting material supply pipe 20. Longitudinally disposed about the outer periphery of supply pipe 20 are flanges or fins 22. Flanges or fins 22 are radially-disposed about supply pipe 20 and thus act as spacers for the supply pipe, as will be hereinafter pointed out.
  • pile-driving weight 24 Surrounding at least a portion of hopper 16 and supply pipe 20 is pile-driving weight 24. Attached to the lower end of weight 24 is annular striking plate 26.
  • Striking plate 26 acts against the anvil pipe 22 and prevents damage to weight 24.
  • protective skirt 27 Surrounding weight 24 and protecting the weight as well as the upper end of the anvil pipe is protective skirt 27.
  • Driving and supply unit 10 is lowered and raised by means of Wire cable 28.
  • Wire cable 28 passes over pully 30 which is disposed in hopper 16 and journaled to weight 24 by means of shaft 32.
  • latching hooks or eyelets 34 Disposed in the lower end of protective skirt 27 are latching hooks or eyelets 34, whose purpose will be hereinafter described.
  • the lower end of protective skirt 27 is split at points ninety degrees removed from latching eyelets 34 and projecting from the split sections of skirt 27 are outwardly projecting pairs of latching flanges 35 and 36, respectively.
  • Flanges 35 and 36-, as well as 37, may be used to guide the driving unit.
  • Latching flanges 35 and 36 have welded between them reinforcing plates 38 and 40, respectively. Passing through generallyrectangular holes in flanges 35 and 36 are arcuat e latches or curved bolts 42 and 44, respectively.
  • Anvil pipe 46 Disposed below driving and supply unit 10 is stamping or anvil pipe 46.
  • Anvil pipe 46 has an internal diameter sufliciently large to just clear fins 22 of supply pipe 20 so that supply pipe 20 will remain centered in anvil pipe 46 during the reciprocal movement of supply pipe 20 through anvil pipe 46 while driving unit is in operation to drive the anvil pipe 46 into the earth.
  • Pins 22 therefore center supply pipe 20 in an anvil pipe 46 and also provide an annular space between supply pipe 20 and anvil pipe 46. Projecting outwardly from the sides of anvil pipe 46 are flanges 48 and 50, respectively.
  • the latches 42 and 44 are rotated into position through the holes in flanges 35 and 36 so that flanges 48 and 50 are supported atop latches 42 and 44. This will thus permit anvil pipe 46 to be withdrawn along with the driving and supply unit.
  • FIGURE 5 shows latches 42 and 44 in the unlatched position where the driving unit and supply pipe 20 are free to move relative to anvil pipe 46.
  • Pile shoe 14 Disposed beneath the anvil pipe 46 and in contact therewith is the pile shoe 14.
  • Pile shoe 14 Disposed beneath the anvil pipe 46 and in contact therewith is the pile shoe 14.
  • Pile shoe 14 as a lower generally-pointed nose portion 52.
  • nose 52 can take any desired configuration depending upon the properties of the earth into which it is to be driven.
  • Mounting plate 54 provides means for supporting metallic reinforcing rods 56. Reinforcing rods 56 may be bolted or otherwise attached to mounting plate 54 and protrude upwardly through the annular space between anvil pipe 46 and supply pipe 20.
  • reinforcing rods 56 may be maintained in place throughout the process of driving shoe 14 and anvil pipe 46 into the earth and during the casting or molding of the pile about reinforcing rods 56.
  • Formed longitudinally along opposing sides of anvil pipe 46 are converging flanges 58 and 60, respectively.
  • Converging flanges 58 and 64 ⁇ form, with the outer periphery of anvil pipe 46, generally-triangular spaces whose purpose will be hereinafter pointed out.
  • FIGURE 7 of the drawings ShOWs a right hand crosssectional view of the apparatus of FIGURE 1 with the supply and driving unit as well as the anvil unit partially withdrawn from the earth and a pile 62 being formed in the molded space voided by the anvil pipe, between the shoe 14 and the anvil pipe 46.
  • FIGURE 12 of the drawings shows a cross section of an individual pile 62 formed by the apparatus of FIGURE 7. It is to be noted that concrete mass 62 has outwardly projecting, generally triangular extensions or projections 64 and 66. Projections 64 and 66 provide a stabilizing means where a single pile 62 is formed in the earth and thus prevent the pile from rotating as there is often a tendency to do when weight is applied to the pile. Projections 64 and 66 also perform other functions as will be pointed out in more detail hereinafter.
  • the shoe 14 has reinforcing rods 56 of appropriate length attached thereto and set in position on the surface of the earth.
  • Clay or plastic or another suitable material is preferably packed in the voids of flanges 58 and 60 to prevent earth and debris from entering the voids.
  • the anvil unit 12 is then positioned on top of the shoe 14 and the driving and supply unit 10 is positioned atop the anvil pipe 46 with the latches 42 and 44 in an unlatched position as shown in FIGURES and 6.
  • Anvil unit 12 and shoe 14 are then driven into the earth by repeatedly raising driving unit by means of cable 28 and then releasing it and allowing it to drop and plate 26 to contact the upper end of anvil pipe 46.
  • This repeated raising and lowering of the driving unit drives anvil unit 12 and pile shoe 14 into the earth to the desired depth.
  • latches 42 and 46 are slid into their latching positions, as shown in FIGURE 3, to latch the driving and supply unit 10 to the anvil unit 12.
  • concrete or other flowable casting material is poured into hopper 16 and the driving and supply unit and anvil unit are slowly withdrawn to form the cast mass of concrete or the like in the void space vacated by anvil unit 12 as it is withdrawn from the earth.
  • annular space between anvil pipe 46 and supply pipe 20 provides a passage for the escape of air which may be trapped in the anvil unit during the driving and casting operations as well as providing space for reinforcing rods 56 and the fins 22 provide a positive guide for the driving and supply unit within anvil pipe 46 during the driving operation.
  • FIGURES 9 and 10 show still another form of the 4 apparatus of the present invention.
  • an anchor plate or strip 68 is disposed between the converging flanges 60 of anvil pipe 46. The purpose of this anchor plate will be described in connection with FIG- URE 11.
  • FIGURE 11 shows two methods of forming interconnected cast piles in accordance with the present invention.
  • a pile 70 having projections 72 and 74, is cast in exactly the same manner as was previously described.
  • a second pile 76 is formed before pile 70 has set.
  • flanges 58 or 60 of the anvil unit 12 are driven into projection 74 to thereby spread the projection and form an anchor between projection 74 and projection 78 of pile 76.
  • an anchor plate or strip 80' may be inserted.
  • the anchor plate 80 may serve as an anchor connecting to adjacent, such as pile 76 and pile 84. This is done by permitting pile 76 to set with anchor strip 80 disposed therein in projection 82.
  • pile 84 is formed by placing an appropriate anchor plate 86 in one of flanges 58 and 60 and sliding the other one of flanges 58 and 60 over anchor 80 during the driving of the pile. Finally the anvil unit 12 is withdrawn as pile 84 is formed with projections 88 and 90.
  • Apparatus for forming cast piles in the earth comprising: driving weight means casting material hopper means formed as a part of said driving weight means; casting material supply pipe means secured to, extending downwardly from and moveable with said driving weight means; anvil pipe means having its upper end operatively associated with said driving weight means and surrounding at least the lower end of said supply pipe means; guide means, mounted about the exterior of said supply pipe means, adapted to guide said supply pipe means during longitudinal relative movement through said anvil pipe means; and pile shoe means, associated with and adjacent the lower end of said anvil pipe means, adapted to have attached thereto vertically-disposed reinforcing rods, whereby upon lowering and raising of said driving weight means, said hopper means and said supply pipe means drives said anvil pipe and pile shoe into the earth.
  • latch means are provided on the driving weight means and the anvil pipe means which cooperate to latch said anvil pipe means .to said driving weight means for simultaneous movement of said driving weight means and said anvil pipe means.
  • flanges are generally triangular in shape and hollow with a slot formed at the outer-most juncture of the sides of the triangle.
  • a method of forming a cast piling in the earth comprising: vertically mounting at least one reinforcing rod on a pile shoe; surrounding said renforcing rods with an anvil pipe; slidably disposing a casting material supply pipe within said anvil pipe; reciprocally moving a driving weight into and out of contact with said anvil pipe while simultaneously reciprocating said supply pipe in said anvil pipe to drive said shoe and said anvil pipe into the earth a predetermined distance; latching said supply pipe and said driving weight to said anvil pipe; withdrawing said anvil pipe from the earth while simultaneously supplying a fiowable casting material through said supply pipe and into the void in the earth left by the withdrawal of said anvil pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
US577996A 1965-09-13 1966-09-08 Production of piles and pile structures in the ground Expired - Lifetime US3420067A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1192365 1965-09-13

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540225A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-11-17 Ludwig Muller Construction pile and a method of producing same in situ
FR2466572A2 (fr) * 1979-10-05 1981-04-10 Labrue Jean Marie Tariere creuse a double tube concentrique pour le forage en vue du moulage de pieux en beton
US4840517A (en) * 1986-02-28 1989-06-20 Roger Bullivant Of Texas, Inc. Soil displacement tools
EP0332767A1 (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Jerry A. Steding Method and apparatus for installing a concrete pile in soil
US5186582A (en) * 1989-03-15 1993-02-16 Bullivant Roger A Process for forming piles and product
US6030150A (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-02-29 Dana A. Schmednecht Method and apparatus for constructing subterranean walls comprised of granular material
US20040115011A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2004-06-17 Geotechnical Reinforcement Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for building support piers from one or successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US20080101873A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2008-05-01 The Fox Family Trust Method and Apparatus For Building Support Piers From One or Successive Lifts Formed In A Soil Matrix
US9169611B2 (en) 2000-06-15 2015-10-27 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for building support piers from one or more successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
WO2021105569A1 (en) * 2019-11-29 2021-06-03 Pirkan Laatupalvelu Oy Method for forming a pile wall in ground and a corresponding pile wall

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US890765A (en) * 1905-05-05 1908-06-16 Corrugated Concrete Pile Company Of America Apparatus for sinking concrete piles.
US1858204A (en) * 1927-11-15 1932-05-10 Frankignoul Pieux Armes Method and device for the production of piles of concrete and the like
US2146645A (en) * 1936-01-27 1939-02-07 William J Newman Foundation construction
CH233374A (de) * 1942-03-08 1944-07-31 Wiener Pfahl Und Betongesellsc Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung stahlbewehrter Ortbetonpfähle.
GB644258A (en) * 1948-08-13 1950-10-04 Johan Fredrik Hagrup Method and equipment for the making of piles of concrete in situ
FR999378A (hr) * 1952-01-31

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR999378A (hr) * 1952-01-31
US890765A (en) * 1905-05-05 1908-06-16 Corrugated Concrete Pile Company Of America Apparatus for sinking concrete piles.
US1858204A (en) * 1927-11-15 1932-05-10 Frankignoul Pieux Armes Method and device for the production of piles of concrete and the like
US2146645A (en) * 1936-01-27 1939-02-07 William J Newman Foundation construction
CH233374A (de) * 1942-03-08 1944-07-31 Wiener Pfahl Und Betongesellsc Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung stahlbewehrter Ortbetonpfähle.
GB644258A (en) * 1948-08-13 1950-10-04 Johan Fredrik Hagrup Method and equipment for the making of piles of concrete in situ

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540225A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-11-17 Ludwig Muller Construction pile and a method of producing same in situ
FR2466572A2 (fr) * 1979-10-05 1981-04-10 Labrue Jean Marie Tariere creuse a double tube concentrique pour le forage en vue du moulage de pieux en beton
US4840517A (en) * 1986-02-28 1989-06-20 Roger Bullivant Of Texas, Inc. Soil displacement tools
EP0332767A1 (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-09-20 Jerry A. Steding Method and apparatus for installing a concrete pile in soil
US5186582A (en) * 1989-03-15 1993-02-16 Bullivant Roger A Process for forming piles and product
US6247875B1 (en) 1998-02-25 2001-06-19 Dana A. Schmednecht Method and apparatus utilizing a hollow beam for constructing subterranean walls comprised of granular material
US6030150A (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-02-29 Dana A. Schmednecht Method and apparatus for constructing subterranean walls comprised of granular material
US20040115011A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2004-06-17 Geotechnical Reinforcement Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for building support piers from one or successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US7226246B2 (en) 2000-06-15 2007-06-05 Geotechnical Reinforcement, Inc. Apparatus and method for building support piers from one or successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US20080101873A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2008-05-01 The Fox Family Trust Method and Apparatus For Building Support Piers From One or Successive Lifts Formed In A Soil Matrix
US8152415B2 (en) 2000-06-15 2012-04-10 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for building support piers from one or more successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US9169611B2 (en) 2000-06-15 2015-10-27 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for building support piers from one or more successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US20070206995A1 (en) * 2003-10-23 2007-09-06 Geotechnical Reinforcement, Inc. Apparatus and method for building support piers from one or successive lifts formed in a soil matrix
US7901159B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2011-03-08 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for building support piers from one or more successive lifts
WO2021105569A1 (en) * 2019-11-29 2021-06-03 Pirkan Laatupalvelu Oy Method for forming a pile wall in ground and a corresponding pile wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI45367B (hr) 1972-01-31
FI45367C (fi) 1972-05-10
NO119728B (hr) 1970-06-22

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