US3418984A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3418984A
US3418984A US603276A US60327666A US3418984A US 3418984 A US3418984 A US 3418984A US 603276 A US603276 A US 603276A US 60327666 A US60327666 A US 60327666A US 3418984 A US3418984 A US 3418984A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valves
valve
intake
camshaft
internal combustion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US603276A
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English (en)
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Skatsche Othmar
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/34—Lateral camshaft position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • FIG 2 frzverziof Gila/yak S/QzlscAe y 40% ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
  • An internal combustion engine having two intake valves and two exhaust valves for each cylinder arranged in a row along the side of the engine and having a camshaft for operating the valves with separate cams for each valve and a push rod and rocker arm for each valve actuated each by one cam of the camshaft.
  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising two intake valves and two exhaust valves located one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the engine and actuated 'by'means of a camshaft via a push rod and rocker arm.
  • This conventional design offers the advantage of comparatively short valve ports resulting in a lesser resistance to fiow, but this advantage is offset by the drawback inherent in a considerably greater overall length as compared with internal combustion engines comprising only one intake and one exhaust valve for each cylinder, due to the fact that more space is required for the acommodation of the relatively bulky control mechanism required for the operation of the four valves.
  • each valve has its own associated rocker arm and the camshaft is provided with a separate cam. Consequently, it is possible for the rocker arms to be very short and rigid so that the overall height will not be increased. This is particularly important with V-type internal combustion engines where an increase of the overall height of the rows of cylinders entails a corresponding increase of the width of the engine.
  • the rocker arms and push rods of the intake valves are located in parallel planes extending through the axes of the intake valves in perpendicular relation to the camshaft, the two rocker arms of the exhaust valves of each cylinder being so arranged as to form an acute angle opening in the direction of the inlet side of the engine, each of the inlet ports terminating on the inlet side of the engine between the push rod of an intake valve and the push rod of an exhaust valve.
  • This arrangement makes it possible for the suction ports to be comparatively short and to have a large cross-section.
  • these suction ducts are preferably symmetrical so as to produce the same convenient flow conditions in both intake valves. Due to the absence of necked-down portions and abrupt turns in the area of the suction ports, resistance to the flow of the medium is very moderate which is particularly important for supercharged engines.
  • rocker arms of the intake and eX- haust valves of substantially equal length and with the same leverage, and to arrange the push rods of the exhaust valves in planes extending in perpendicular relation to the camshaft and inclined toward the exhaust side of the engine.
  • Substantial uniformly in the layout of the control elements of the intake and exhaust valves also makes for approximately equal forces and surface pressures prevailing on the camshaft and in the bearings and articulations of the rocker arms of all valves.
  • due to the inclination of the push rods of the exhaust valves the cross-section available for the intake ports is increased.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a top view of the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, partly as a horizontal section,
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 each represent a vertical section on lines IIII and IIIIII, respectively of FIG. 1.
  • the cylinder head shown belongs to a row of cylinders of a V-type internal combustion engines comprising eight cylinders, Each cylinder is provided with two intake valves 1 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the engine and two exhaust valves 2 of a similar arrangement, all of the valves being actuated by means of the camshaft 3 extending alongside the engine cylinders.
  • each intake valve 1 Associated with each intake valve 1 is a separate rocker arm 4 which is actuated via a push rod 5 by means of a separate cam 10 of the camshaft 3.
  • the two rocker arms 4 and their push rods 5 are symmetrical in relation to a normal plane of the cylinder head containing the cylinder axis and mounted in pairs on a common centrally arranged valve rocker bracket 6.
  • the vertical cylinder head wall 7 located between the two push rods 5 extends (in a manner not shown) inside the crankcase so as to form a partition containing the bearings of the camshaft 3.
  • each exhaust valve 2 Associated with each exhaust valve 2 is a separate valve rocker 4' actuated by means of a separate cam 10' of the camshaft 3 via an inclined push rod 5'.
  • the valve rockers 5' of the exhaust valves 2 present a lateral crank so that the valve rockers of a pair of exhaust valves form an acute angle which is open in the direction of the intake side of the engine.
  • This crank of the valve rockers 4' makes it possible for them to be mounted on valve rocker brackets located on both sides of theintake valves 1, the adjacent valve rockers 4 of consecutive engine cylinders being jointly mounted on a single valve rocker bracket 6'.
  • the valve rockers 4" of the exhaust valves 2 have approximately the same length and the same leverage as have the rocker arms 4 of the intake valves 1.
  • the arrangement and location of all rocker arms 4 and 4' produces a very low overall height of the cylinder head as has formerly been possible only with internal combustion engines comprising one intake valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder.
  • the short and rugged construction of the valve rockers 4 and 4 also ensures a high degree of rigidity of the valve gear so as to make it particularly suitable for high speeds.
  • An internal combustion engine comprising two intake valves and two exhaust valves for each cylinder, the intake valves as well as the exhaust valves being arranged in a row alongside the engine, a camshaft for the operation of the said valves comprising separate cams for each valve, a push rod and a rocker arm associated with each of the said valves and actuated each by one cam of the said camshaft, the said rocker arms and push rods of the intake valves being located in planes extending in perpendicular relation to the said camshaft and including the axes of the said intake valves, the said two rocker arms of the exhaust valves being so arranged as to form an acute angle opening towards the engine, one intake passage each originating with one of the said intake valves and extending between the push rod of the associated intake valve and the push rod of the adjacent exhaust valve in the direction of the intake side of the engine.
  • An internal combustion engine comprising two intake valves and two exhaust valves for each cylinder, the intake valves as well as the exhaust valves being arranged in a row alongside the engine, a camshaft for the operation of the said valves comprising separate cams for each valve, a push rod and a rocker arm associated with each of the said valves and actuated each by one cam of the said camshaft, and partitions extending in perpendicular relation to the said camshaft and between the push rods of the said two intake valves of each cylinder, each of the said partitions having a hearing for the said camshaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
US603276A 1966-10-12 1966-12-20 Internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3418984A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT956966A AT274477B (de) 1966-10-12 1966-10-12 Ventilsteuerung für Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3418984A true US3418984A (en) 1968-12-31

Family

ID=3615314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US603276A Expired - Lifetime US3418984A (en) 1966-10-12 1966-12-20 Internal combustion engine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3418984A (de)
AT (1) AT274477B (de)
DE (1) DE1297623B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3520286A (en) * 1967-07-20 1970-07-14 Citroen Sa Andre Valve gear disposal
US3967601A (en) * 1974-09-07 1976-07-06 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Valve control
FR2441064A1 (fr) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-06 Cummins Engine Co Inc Moteur a combustion interne turbocompresse
US4635679A (en) * 1984-11-19 1987-01-13 Automobiles Peugeot Single rocker device for actuating two valves
JPS6318105A (ja) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd 多気筒ｓｏｈｃ型内燃機関

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1557016A (en) * 1924-05-21 1925-10-13 Byron G Boswell Internal-combustion engine
FR788791A (fr) * 1934-07-19 1935-10-16 Talbot Automobiles Perfectionnements aux moteurs à explosion
GB635240A (en) * 1943-06-10 1950-04-05 Raul Pateras Pescara Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
AT181466B (de) * 1951-01-12 1955-03-25 Ludwig Apfelbeck Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine
US3086505A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-04-23 Cooper Bessemer Corp Cylinder construction for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1284250A (en) * 1914-12-11 1918-11-12 Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Co Valve-operating system.
CH217037A (de) * 1940-11-27 1941-09-30 Schweizerische Lokomotiv Kipphebelsteuerung an Verbrennungsmotoren mit zwei Einlass- und zwei Auslassventilen pro Zylinder.
US2713855A (en) * 1953-11-02 1955-07-26 Studebaker Packard Corp Inter-nested rocker arrangement for overhead valve gear
DE1721042U (de) * 1955-01-10 1956-04-26 Mak Maschinenbau Kiel Ag Kipphebelantrieb fuer die ventile von gleichstromgespuelten zweitaktmotoren.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1557016A (en) * 1924-05-21 1925-10-13 Byron G Boswell Internal-combustion engine
FR788791A (fr) * 1934-07-19 1935-10-16 Talbot Automobiles Perfectionnements aux moteurs à explosion
GB635240A (en) * 1943-06-10 1950-04-05 Raul Pateras Pescara Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
AT181466B (de) * 1951-01-12 1955-03-25 Ludwig Apfelbeck Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine
US3086505A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-04-23 Cooper Bessemer Corp Cylinder construction for internal combustion engines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3520286A (en) * 1967-07-20 1970-07-14 Citroen Sa Andre Valve gear disposal
US3967601A (en) * 1974-09-07 1976-07-06 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Valve control
FR2441064A1 (fr) * 1978-11-07 1980-06-06 Cummins Engine Co Inc Moteur a combustion interne turbocompresse
US4635679A (en) * 1984-11-19 1987-01-13 Automobiles Peugeot Single rocker device for actuating two valves
JPS6318105A (ja) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd 多気筒ｓｏｈｃ型内燃機関

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT274477B (de) 1969-09-25
DE1297623B (de) 1969-06-19

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