US3418933A - Printer having force compensating platen - Google Patents

Printer having force compensating platen Download PDF

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Publication number
US3418933A
US3418933A US631308A US63130867A US3418933A US 3418933 A US3418933 A US 3418933A US 631308 A US631308 A US 631308A US 63130867 A US63130867 A US 63130867A US 3418933 A US3418933 A US 3418933A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
character
pressure
printing
force
printer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US631308A
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English (en)
Inventor
John O Schaefer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Priority to US631308A priority Critical patent/US3418933A/en
Priority to FR1557326D priority patent/FR1557326A/fr
Priority to BE712240D priority patent/BE712240A/xx
Priority to GB14868/68A priority patent/GB1195801A/en
Priority to SE04198/68A priority patent/SE329405B/xx
Priority to AT315968A priority patent/AT297752B/de
Priority to CH521668A priority patent/CH472296A/de
Priority to NL6804967A priority patent/NL6804967A/xx
Priority to FI680982A priority patent/FI50075C/fi
Priority to DE19681761181 priority patent/DE1761181C2/de
Priority to NO1431/68A priority patent/NO123836B/no
Priority to ES352790A priority patent/ES352790A1/es
Priority to DK167868AA priority patent/DK119258B/da
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3418933A publication Critical patent/US3418933A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41L—APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES
    • B41L11/00—Apparatus for directly duplicating from hectographic masters in mirror image, i.e. "wet duplicators" for producing positive copies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/18—Impression cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements  of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
    • B41J11/02—Platens
    • B41J11/04—Roller platens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41K—STAMPS; STAMPING OR NUMBERING APPARATUS OR DEVICES
    • B41K3/00—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped
    • B41K3/02—Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped with stamping surface located above article-supporting surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41L—APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES
    • B41L19/00—Duplicating or printing apparatus or machines for office or other commercial purposes, of special types or for particular purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41L—APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES
    • B41L5/00—Autographic registers or like manifolding apparatus using movable strips or webs
    • B41L5/04—Autographic registers or like manifolding apparatus using movable strips or webs with mechanisms for feeding webs or for arranging web feed; with web storage arrangements
    • B41L5/06—Autographic registers or like manifolding apparatus using movable strips or webs with mechanisms for feeding webs or for arranging web feed; with web storage arrangements by means of rollers, wheels, or chains, e.g. with pins transversely
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2700/00—Manifolding, printing or duplicating for office purposes
    • B41P2700/10—Hectographic line duplicators

Definitions

  • Direct impression print composition has, for the most part, been limited to sophisticated typewriters which serve the bulk of composition requirements. It is inherently impossible, however, to directly print large headline size characters from a typewriter.
  • the practical art has employed a number of alternatives to direct impression composition principally including photographic printing, handset galley type, and cutout pasteups from mass printed character sets.
  • Direct impression large character printers shown in the patent literature usually employ an impacting print mechanism. While prior patents disclose direct impression printers employing a roller for developing printing force, the roller constructions previously known have all proven unsatisfactory for headline quality character reproduction. A roller construction suitable for printing a large block character proves unsatisfactory for printing smaller characters or for printing small components of large characters such as serifs and swirls. In printing individual characters, the force requirements for varied character shapes and sizes are not averaged as in printing large groups or blocks of characters. The magnitude of force required for acceptably printing a broad area by an ordinary roller often is so great as to deform or destroy fine detail portions of the master character. Also, ink ribbons have some optimum range of pressure for best operation. While this tolerance range may be relatively large in the case of high quality ribbons, the variety of pressures presented by an ordinary roller attempting to print the full range of an adequate headline character set may well exceed the tolerance of the ribbon.
  • the pressure device of my invention preferably ematent O ploys a plurality of laterally narrow, flexible steel rings that are loosely rotatably supported on a common shaft such that the rings can resiliently collapse to individually develop an increment of printing pressure.
  • a rigid backup roll rotatably forces all of the individual rings into engagement with paper and an ink ribbon against a raised character master. Only those individual rings which oppose a portion of the raised character master will 'be flexed to develop any reaction force at all; the remaining rings simply free wheel.
  • my preferred roller construction is tolerant to minor variations in the surface height of the raised character masters. This tolerance is important as it reduces the manufacturing tolerances required for character masters and thereby reduces their manufacturing cost. Since printing force is a function of ring deflection, a variation in surface height will cause a variation in reaction force that potentially could cause non-uniform printing. The individual steel rings-of my preferred roller tend to flatten or ovalize when deflected, thus increasing the contact area somewhat in proportion with increased force. Within a range of deflections, the increase in area tends to compensate adequately for the force variation to maintain a substantially constant printing pressure (force divided by area).
  • My invention also includes means by which printing pressure can be varied to compensate for diiferent ribbon characteristics or widely different character sizes. This is accomplished by adjusting the relative position of the character master and the backup roll so as to vary the amount of ring deflection beyond the self-compensating range described above.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective over-all view of a headline printer of the type using a pressure roll assembly constructed in accordance with my invention
  • FIGURE 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of my pressure roll assembly together with adjuvant mechanism cooperable therewith for performing many of the functions required for a complete headline printer;
  • FIGURE .3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the pressure roll assembly shown in FIGURE 2 more clearly showing the details of its construction;
  • FIGURE 4 is a partial front elevational cross-sectional view of the pressure roll assembly shown in FIGURES 2 and 3, illustrating its cooperative engagement with a typical character master and is taken along line IVIV of FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 5 is a partial side elevational cross-sectional view of the pressure roll assembly shown in FIGURE 4 and is taken along line V-V thereof;
  • FIGURE 6 shows several actual samples of characters that have been printed by my pressure roll.
  • FIGURE 7 shows an alternate embodiment of my invention.
  • FIGURE 1 there is shown a pressure transfer headline printer having a unitary character matrix or disk 11 that is rotatably mounted by a hub 12 to permit the operator to selectively position individual, downwardly facing raised or relieved surface character masters or symbols 11a on its undersurface at a printing position 13.
  • Imaging media including a paper strip, web, or other record 14 is fed from an internal roll (not shown) past the printing position 13.
  • the imaging media also preferably includes a pressure transfer ink ribbon 15 fed from an internal supply (not shown) between the matrix disk 11 and the paper 14, to an internal ribbon takeup. In the preferred embodiment shown, the ribbon 15 is fed at right angles to the paper 14. Best results have been obtained through the use of ink ribbons of the type disclosed in US. patent application Ser. No. 536,557 entitled, Transfer Medium and Method for Ma-king Same, filed Mar. 9, 1966, by H. T. Findlay and K. H. Froman.
  • Printing is controlled by depression of print key 16 and is preferably accompanied by automatic paper and ribbon feeding in proportion to the size of the character printed.
  • ancillary controls are provided including a paper feed expand-contract control 17, an impression control 18, and a print stroke cycle control 19.
  • a character size compensating pressure roll assembly or pressure means 20, constructed in accordance with my invention, is shown in its relation to other components of the printer 10 in FIGURE 2 and in greater detail in FIGURES 3 through 5.
  • the roll assembly 20 includes a plurality of individually radially flexible cylindrical rings 21 that provide resiliently yieldably presented, hard surface portions 21a.
  • the surface portions 21a are preferably hard to minimize surface embedding of the symbols 11a. I have found that embedding tends to undesirably concentrate force and ink density around the symbol periphery.
  • the rings 21 are relatively narrow, i.e.
  • the rings 21 are preferably made of Maraging steel, 300 grade so that they can be hardened by aging after forming without significant distortion.
  • I have employed rings 21 having a wall thickness of .012 inch, a lateral width of .050 inch, an internal diameter 24 of 0.226 inch and a retaining shaft outside diameter 25 of 0.216 inch. As best shown in FIG- URE 3, a substantial clearance of approximately .010 inch exists between the inside of the ring 21 and the outside of the retaining shaft 22.
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 there is shown substantially the entire print force generat ing mechanism.
  • the rings 21 which oppose a projecting part of the raised character 4 master 11a are in force engagement with the backup roll 26 and with the back side of paper '14.
  • Ink ribbon 15 is positioned between the paper 14 and the raised character master 11a of the matrix 11.
  • the matrix 11 is in turn supported vertically by frame mounted arms 41 which are also shown in FIGURE 2.
  • FIGURE 5 is greatly exaggerated to show the effect of the individuality of the rings 21.
  • the character master 11a includes narrow, small area portions as well as relatively broad portions. It is seen that those rings 21 engaging any part of the raised character master 11a will be deflected and develop printing force whereas no force will be developed by the rings 21 which are not opposing any portion of the character master 11a. Accordingly, the broad areas receive greater over-all force than the narrow areas, since a greater number of rings 21 are deflected thereby.
  • FIGURE 6 shows three typical characters actually printed by my pressure roll assembly in mechanism substantially as shown herein.
  • Sample character 41 is a 60 point serif
  • sample 42 is a 14 point serif
  • sample 43 is a 60 point script.
  • the drawing attached hereto is a photolithographic reproduction of the original printing of these characters.
  • FIGURE 2 An understanding of the operation of the pressure roll assembly 20 can be had by further reference to FIGURE 2. Depression of print key 16 pivots clutch control link 51 clockwise against spring 52 to release clutch latch 54 which is retracted by spring 55 to release spring clutch 56. When released, spring clutch 56 connects worm gear sleeve 61 with coaxial, continuously running motor shaft 57 and, through helical gear 62, commences rotation of cam shaft 63.
  • cam shaft 63 supports three pairs of control cams 64-65, 66-67, and 68-69.
  • the cams in each pair are alternatively cooperative with their respective cam followers as selected by the position of cycle control lever 19.
  • single lobe or full revolution earns 65, 67, and 69 are effective.
  • Helical gear 62 does not shift axially with cam shaft 63, but remains stationary as permitted by a key and slot connection 62a. The operation of the various cams is more completely described in aforesaid US. Patent No. 3,366,213.
  • Cam 67 is the first to be effective and moves follower 71 counterclockwise to pull link 72 and drive toggle linkage 73 over center to lift the print assembly 20 via the bracket 32 and rails 31 into printing position.
  • cam 65 reaches a lift portion, and through follower 74 and linkage 75, drives stroke control arm 76 clockwise about its pivot shaft 36.
  • Stroke drive bracket 34 is connected through pivoted latch link 37 to the stroke control arm 76 and follows the motion thereof.
  • the pressure roll assembly 20 thus is caused to move to the right by the drive bracket 34 whereby it traverses the character master 11a to cause an ink transfer from the ribbon 15 onto the paper 14 as described above.
  • cam 67 again becomes effective to move the pressure roll assembly downwardly through link 72 and the toggle linkage 73. All pressure is thus taken off the pressure roll assembly 20 so that paper and ribbon can be fed.
  • control arm 76 which acts against a tab 38 on drive bracket 34.
  • cycle clutch control cam 69 will be effective to pivot clutch restore bracket 58 counterclockwise whereby arm 59 thereof pivots cycle clutch latch 54 back into arresting position to intercept cycle clutch 56 and terminate the cycle.
  • FIGURE 7 shows roll assembly or pressure means 80 illustrating a further embodiment of my invention.
  • Pressure means 80 includes a platen or roller composed of relatively rigid cylindrical members 81 that are loosely rotatably retained on a common elongated support shaft 82 and in close adjacency by set screw collars 83. Relatively hard surface portions 81a of the members 81 are individually resiliently yieldably presented for printing by a segmented backup roll 84 and leaf springs 85.
  • Backup roll 84 comprises a plurality of separate disks or roll segments 86 each having a slotted bearing portion 87 that rotatably receives a corresponding leaf spring 85.
  • a shaft 88 loosely rotatably retains the roll segments 86 in alignment with corresponding members 81. It will be appreciated that the pressure means 80 will develop only the force needed for printing a wide range of character sizes and shapes in much the same manner as pressure means 20 described above.
  • backup roll means rotatably engaging said roller for urging all of said cylindrical surface portions resiliently toward a selected symbol.
  • said surface portions are each provided by a flexible ring having an internal dimension that is sufficiently greater than the external dimension of said support shaft to permit deformation of said flexible ring and provide a pressure transfer contact surface that is compensatingly variable upon variation of force applied therethrough.
  • a pressure transfer printer having means providing imaging media at a .printing position, a relieved surface symbol supported to face toward the media, pressure means for creating reaction force between the symbol and the media, and means for moving the pressure means across the symbol in pressure transfer cooperation therewith, said pressure means having a plurality of individually, resiliently, yieldably presented surface portions, means supporting said surface portions adjacent said imaging media, each of said surface portions having a short lateral extent relative to said symbol, and all of said surface portions being assembled in a mutually contiguous relationship to form a substantially laterally continuous platen for contacting the media.
  • each of said surface portions is provided by a rotatable cylinder and said rotatable cylinders are assembled to form a roller.
  • each of said cylinders is provided by a flexible ring
  • said support means comprises a common support shaft upon which said rings are assembled, said shaft having an external dimension sufficiently less than the internal dimension of said rings to permit deformation of said flexible rings and provide a pressure transfer contact surface that is compensatingly variable upon variation of force applied therethrough, and
  • roller is urged into contact with the media by a rigid backup roll.
  • a unitary matrix carries a plurality of said symbols and is movable to permit individual selection of one of said plurality for printing.
  • the printer defined in claim 7 further comprising means for adjustably moving said backup roll toward and away from the symbol to vary the reaction force created.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
  • Handling Of Sheets (AREA)
  • Common Mechanisms (AREA)
US631308A 1967-04-17 1967-04-17 Printer having force compensating platen Expired - Lifetime US3418933A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US631308A US3418933A (en) 1967-04-17 1967-04-17 Printer having force compensating platen
FR1557326D FR1557326A (forum.php) 1967-04-17 1968-03-14
BE712240D BE712240A (forum.php) 1967-04-17 1968-03-15
GB14868/68A GB1195801A (en) 1967-04-17 1968-03-28 A Printer
SE04198/68A SE329405B (forum.php) 1967-04-17 1968-03-29
AT315968A AT297752B (de) 1967-04-17 1968-04-01 Druckeinrichtung
CH521668A CH472296A (de) 1967-04-17 1968-04-08 Druckeinrichtung für Aufzeichnungsträger, insbesondere zum Drucken von Überschriften und ähnliches
NL6804967A NL6804967A (forum.php) 1967-04-17 1968-04-09
FI680982A FI50075C (fi) 1967-04-17 1968-04-09 Kirjoituslaite, jossa on painetta tasoittava tela.
DE19681761181 DE1761181C2 (de) 1967-04-17 1968-04-13 Druckeinrichtung für Aufzeichnungsträger, insbesondere zum Setzen von Überschriften u. ä
NO1431/68A NO123836B (forum.php) 1967-04-17 1968-04-16
ES352790A ES352790A1 (es) 1967-04-17 1968-04-16 Una disposicion de rodillo compensadora de fuerza para una maquina de escribir o imprimir.
DK167868AA DK119258B (da) 1967-04-17 1968-04-16 Linieskriver med en trykkompenseret valse.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US631308A US3418933A (en) 1967-04-17 1967-04-17 Printer having force compensating platen

Publications (1)

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US3418933A true US3418933A (en) 1968-12-31

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US631308A Expired - Lifetime US3418933A (en) 1967-04-17 1967-04-17 Printer having force compensating platen

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US (1) US3418933A (forum.php)
AT (1) AT297752B (forum.php)
BE (1) BE712240A (forum.php)
DK (1) DK119258B (forum.php)
ES (1) ES352790A1 (forum.php)
FI (1) FI50075C (forum.php)
FR (1) FR1557326A (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1195801A (forum.php)
NL (1) NL6804967A (forum.php)
NO (1) NO123836B (forum.php)
SE (1) SE329405B (forum.php)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4877914A (forum.php) * 1971-12-29 1973-10-19
US3768404A (en) * 1971-07-01 1973-10-30 Ibm Travelling cylinder printer with the roller contacting the back of the embossed plate
US3768620A (en) * 1970-09-04 1973-10-30 Honeywell Inc Print head and platen printer device
US3869982A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-03-11 Howe Richardson Scale Co Weighing and printing apparatus
JPS5077115A (forum.php) * 1973-08-21 1975-06-24
US3954054A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-05-04 Addmaster Corporation Squeeze printer for papers or stacks of papers of varying thicknesses
US3967550A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-07-06 Addmaster Corporation Squeeze printer for papers or stacks of papers of varying thicknesses
JPS5311619A (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-02-02 Suwa Seikosha Kk Printer
US4108556A (en) * 1976-09-24 1978-08-22 Kroy Industries, Inc. Printing piston assembly
JPS541120A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-01-06 Canon Kk Printer
US4136614A (en) * 1975-12-11 1979-01-30 Autelca Ag Letterpress printing press
USD315919S (en) 1988-04-20 1991-04-02 King Jim Co., Ltd. Electronic tape writer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1357090A (en) * 1918-09-12 1920-10-26 Charles H Hasbrouck Machine for protecting checks and the like
US2804968A (en) * 1954-02-10 1957-09-03 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Feed rolls
US2888873A (en) * 1956-05-10 1959-06-02 Commercial Controls Corp Printing machine
US2942544A (en) * 1957-02-08 1960-06-28 Martin L Williams Printing machine
US3277991A (en) * 1964-09-29 1966-10-11 Weber Marking Systems Inc Wax absorbent ribbon for stencil cutting machine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1357090A (en) * 1918-09-12 1920-10-26 Charles H Hasbrouck Machine for protecting checks and the like
US2804968A (en) * 1954-02-10 1957-09-03 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Feed rolls
US2888873A (en) * 1956-05-10 1959-06-02 Commercial Controls Corp Printing machine
US2942544A (en) * 1957-02-08 1960-06-28 Martin L Williams Printing machine
US3277991A (en) * 1964-09-29 1966-10-11 Weber Marking Systems Inc Wax absorbent ribbon for stencil cutting machine

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3768620A (en) * 1970-09-04 1973-10-30 Honeywell Inc Print head and platen printer device
US3768404A (en) * 1971-07-01 1973-10-30 Ibm Travelling cylinder printer with the roller contacting the back of the embossed plate
JPS4877914A (forum.php) * 1971-12-29 1973-10-19
US3869982A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-03-11 Howe Richardson Scale Co Weighing and printing apparatus
JPS5077115A (forum.php) * 1973-08-21 1975-06-24
US3954054A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-05-04 Addmaster Corporation Squeeze printer for papers or stacks of papers of varying thicknesses
US3967550A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-07-06 Addmaster Corporation Squeeze printer for papers or stacks of papers of varying thicknesses
US4136614A (en) * 1975-12-11 1979-01-30 Autelca Ag Letterpress printing press
US4108556A (en) * 1976-09-24 1978-08-22 Kroy Industries, Inc. Printing piston assembly
JPS5311619A (en) * 1977-04-14 1978-02-02 Suwa Seikosha Kk Printer
JPS541120A (en) * 1978-03-06 1979-01-06 Canon Kk Printer
USD315919S (en) 1988-04-20 1991-04-02 King Jim Co., Ltd. Electronic tape writer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI50075C (fi) 1975-12-10
DK119258B (da) 1970-12-07
FI50075B (forum.php) 1975-09-01
AT297752B (de) 1972-04-10
SE329405B (forum.php) 1970-10-12
NL6804967A (forum.php) 1968-10-18
BE712240A (forum.php) 1968-07-15
GB1195801A (en) 1970-06-24
ES352790A1 (es) 1969-09-01
NO123836B (forum.php) 1972-01-24
FR1557326A (forum.php) 1969-02-14

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