US3417871A - Centrifugal concentrator - Google Patents

Centrifugal concentrator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3417871A
US3417871A US674328A US67432867A US3417871A US 3417871 A US3417871 A US 3417871A US 674328 A US674328 A US 674328A US 67432867 A US67432867 A US 67432867A US 3417871 A US3417871 A US 3417871A
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
outlet
solid particles
chamber
slurry
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Expired - Lifetime
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US674328A
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English (en)
Inventor
Orlan M Arnold
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Ajem Laboratories Inc
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Ajem Laboratories Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Ajem Laboratories Inc filed Critical Ajem Laboratories Inc
Priority to US674328A priority Critical patent/US3417871A/en
Priority to DE19681801426 priority patent/DE1801426A1/de
Priority to BE722017D priority patent/BE722017A/xx
Priority to FR1587437D priority patent/FR1587437A/fr
Priority to CH1528068A priority patent/CH501433A/fr
Priority to AU44623/68A priority patent/AU4462368A/en
Priority to GB47046/68A priority patent/GB1249634A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3417871A publication Critical patent/US3417871A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/22—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with cleaning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations

Definitions

  • a centrifugal concentrator for clarifying liquids wherein the centrifugal concentrator utilizes a high pressure tangential inlet flow of liquid containing solid suspensions to create a vortexing action within a conically shaped separating chamber.
  • the solid particles suspended in the li uid due to centrifugal force, migrate outward toward the confining wall of the separating chamber and then settle along the inwardly slopng wall of a lower part of the chamber, where they are removed through an exit port.
  • This invention relates to centrifugal concentrators and more particularly to centrifugal concentrators relying on high pressure tangential inlet flow to create a vortexing action within the separation chamber to separate suspended solid particles from the carrying liquid.
  • Centrifugal separators or concentrators utilizing high inlet pressures to create a vortexing action within the separation chamber are in general and large scale use today. Concentrators of this type are generally effective in removing solid contaminants from the carrying liquid if the solids are of fairly uniform and relatively small size. However, in applications where solid particles having irregular shapes, or where other unexpected solid materials are in the liquid to be clarified, or can be deposited in the liquid before it enters the concentrator, then, there may be a tendency to clog and back up. Further, where solid particles to be removed are organic compositions, there may be a tendency for these solids to coalesce and conglomerate so as to stop up the exit outlet.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal concentrator having none of the abovedescribed disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a centrifugal concentrator having a generally cylindrical inlet scroll with a tangenial liquid inlet and a lower, generally conically shaped separation chamber. Liquid containing suspended solid particles, which enters under high pressure through the tangential inlet, causes the body of liquid in the chamber to vortex.
  • the solid particles migrate radially outward, due to centrifugal chamber force, toward the confining wall of the separation chamber and settle toward the lower end of the chamber adjacent to the outlet exit.
  • the exit port is provided with a vertically movable plunger to agitate and break up any conglomeration of the solid particles to keep the exit port free and maintain a continuous removal of the concentrated slurry.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective view showing a centrifugal concentrator embodying the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a view, partly in section, taken on line 2-2 of FIGURE 1 showing the slurry outlet area of the centrifugal concentrator;
  • FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE J2 showing an alternate embodiment of the lower outlet area
  • FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 showing still another embodiment of the lower outlet area
  • FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 showing still another embodiment of the outlet area
  • FIGURE 6 is an elevational view, partly in section, of the lower portion of a centrifugal concentrator showing another embodiment of the slurry outlet area;
  • FIGURE 7 is a sectional view taken on line 77 of FIGURE 6.
  • a centrifugal concentrator 10 having a generally cylindrical inlet scroll 12, a cylindrical separating chamber 14 and a conically shaped separating chamber 16.
  • a lower conically shaped extension 18 is also provided, which communicates with the concentrated slurry outlet 20, where the solid particles, that have been concentrated are removed.
  • the inlet scroll 12 has a flange 22 on its lower portion that mates with flange 24 on the upper portion of the cylindrical chamber 14. These are clamped together, e.g., by attaching bolts (not shown).
  • the flanges 26 and 28 on the lower portion of the cylindrical chamber 14 and the upper portion of conical chamber 16 and the flanges 30, 32, 34 and 36 are similarly provided for connection between the conically shaped separating chamber 16, lower extension chamber 18 and slurry outlet 20, respectively.
  • the centrifugal separator can thus be disassembled easily for maintenance and/ or selective replacement of the various sections.
  • the inlet scroll 12 is provided with a tangential fluid inlet 38 through which the solids-containing liquid is admitted, advantageously under pressure, from a suitable pump (not shown). Due to its high pressure and tangential introduction into the inlet scroll 12, the liquid begins to form a vortex within the concentrator. Solid particles carried by the liquid are thus subjected to a centrifugal force, which causes them to migrate outward toward the wall of the concentrator. The solid particles then settle along the inwardly sloping walls of the conical sections 16 and 18 and are removed through slurry exit 20'. The liquid toward the center of the concentrator is relatively clear and is withdrawn through clarified liquid exit tube 40 and piped away or collected in a suitable vessel (not shown).
  • a plunger rod 42 is disposed along the central axis of outlet 20 and is adapted to be reciprocated vertically when one needs to break up solids that are collecting and wedging into the bottom exit throat of the slurry outlet.
  • Rod 42 has its lower end 44 slidably received within support bushing 46 which is mounted by spider 48 within slurry outlet extension tube 50.
  • the rod 42 includes, along its midportion, a ferromagnetic armature or slug 52.
  • Magnetic coil 54 mounted in an annular housing and energized by a suitable electric power source (not shown), surrounds the lower extension tube 50 and the ferro-magnetic slug 52.
  • a power source is intermittently connected to coil 54 to activate it intermittently, expanding and collapsing a magnetic field that acts on the slug 52 to cause it to act as a solenoid motor, i.e., to rise and fall as the field intensifies and relaxes.
  • Plunger rod 42 in this embodiment is rigidly secured to the slug so that it reciprocates up and down with slug 52 and upper end 56 of the rod then acts as a ram to break up any accumulations or conglomerated solids that may be clogging outlet 20. Since the rod 42 is held upright by bushing 46 and the bushing is located near the lower end of rod 42, the vertical reciprocation of the rod and slug produce a limited gyrating movement, which enhances'the ability of the rod to break up solids and clear outlet 20.
  • plunger rod 42a slidably received within bushing 46a, as in the embodiment of FIGURE 2, receives its vertical reciprocating motion through linkage 58 and motor 60.
  • Linkage 58 includes lever 62 pivotally mounted as at 64 to the extension 50a.
  • One end of lever 62 pivotally engages, as at 70, plunger 42a, while wheel 72 rotatably mounted on the other end, bears on the eccentric 74.
  • Motor has an eccentric wheel 74 on output shaft 76 that engages the bearing wheel 72.
  • bearing wheel 72, and its lever 62 reciprocate up and down about pivot axis 64.
  • This reciprocating movement is transferred by lever 62 to plunger rod 42a which, like the plunger in the embodiment of FIG- URE 2, breaks up any accumulation or conglomeration of solids at the exit port 20a.
  • a flexible sleeve 78 surrounds the exterior portion of the lever 62 to prevent leakage of liquid from outlet 20a while permitting lever 62 to pivot freely about pivot 64.
  • FIGURE 4 there is shown another alternate embodiment wherein lower outlet portion 20b has positioned therein a plurality of rotating impellers 80 pitched so as to impel liquid downward.
  • the outlet extension 5012 includes elbow connection 84 and lateral exit tube 86.
  • Impellers 80 are mounted on drive shaft 88 extending through and rotatably mounted in elbow connection 84.
  • Motor 90 connected to shaft 88 in any suitable manner, e.g., a belt drive, rotates shaft 88 and impellers 80.
  • a seal 92, where shaft 88 enters the elbow 84 prevents leakage.
  • the impeller blades are rotated within slurry outlet 2%, the blades cut through conglomerated solids and also, advantageously due to their pitch, impel the concentrated slurry downward so that it may exit more rapidly and continuously through lateral exit tube 86.
  • FIGURE 5 there is shown another embodiment wherein a high energy liquid spray is used to break up conglomeration of solids.
  • Tube 94 which supplies a liquid under pressure extends through elbow 840 in lower outlet extension 500.
  • Spray head 102 seals the upper end of tube 94, but liquid outlet ports are arranged around the circumference at the upper end of tube 94, thus directing the liquid from outlet ports 100 to circumferentially arranged spray ports 104 and downward into the slurry outlet 20c.
  • the resulting spray is under sufiiciently high pressure to break up conglomerated solids and also drives them downward through the outlet extension 500, into lateral exit tube 106.
  • the liquid slurry exits through an annular space surrounding the shaft extending into the slurry outlet.
  • the dimension of this annular space should be large enough to maintain a ratio of slurry outlet to the liquid coming into the centrifugal separator through inlet 38.
  • FIGURES 6 and 7 apparatus is shown that utilizes the inherent energy of the swirling liquid to prevent clogging.
  • An outlet accumulation sleeve having an internal diameter considerably larger than the outlet tube diameter is positioned so that it surrounds the lower conically shaped slurry outlet 20d.
  • Accumulation sleeve 110 is attached to the lower portion of the concentrator by spider 112 and allows the concentrated slurry, to exit freely from the outlet portion 20d.
  • the concentrated slurry since it is swirling rapidly, leaves the area 20d in a conical spray that becomes wider than the mouth of the outlet portion of slurry outlet 20d.
  • accumulation sleeve 110 relieves the constriction usually associated with a tubular extension of the same diameter as the outlet that is normally used to remove the slurry fro-m the centrifugal concentrator.
  • the swirling liquid within the concentrator itself prevents clogging and thus eliminates the build-up within the concentrator that effects the clarity of the liquid being removed.
  • a suitable collecting vessel not shown.
  • a centrifugal concentrator is probided with means near the concentrated slurry outlet to eliminate any unwanted clogging or conglomeration of the solid particles being removed.
  • the ratio of solids-containing liquid entering the inlet to the clarified liquid drawn off and to the concentrated slurry withdrawn from the bottom is maintained constant.
  • the efficiency of the concentrator in removing solid particles from the carrying liquid may be maintained and the clarity of the liquid drawn off through the clarified liquid exit tube can be maintained.
  • a centrifugal concentrator for separating solid particles from a liquid comprising an inlet chamber including means for tangentially introducing a stream of solids-containing liquid under pressure to the upper portion of said inlet chamber, a generally frusto-conical separation chamber having its larger end in fluid communication with the lower portion of said inlet chamber, a clarified liquid exit conduit extending through said inlet chamber and into said separation chamber axially thereof for removing clarified liquid, an outlet conduit near the smaller end of said separation chamber for removing concentrated solid particles and wherein concentration of the solid particles in the liquid is effected by vortexing of solidscontaiuing liquid in the inlet chamber and in said frustoconical chamber whereby to cause said solid particles to migrate by centrifugal force outward toward the confining wall of said chamber there to settle downward along its sloping wall and collect near the outlet, thereby leaving relatively clarified liquid in the vicinity of the exit conduit near the central axis of said chamber which is characterized by the combination therewith of:
  • centrifugal concentrator of claim 1 wherein said means to agitate said liquid-solid mixture includes a plunger rod within said outlet adapted to reciprocate vertically, thereby to break up any concentrations of solid particles in said outlet.
  • said means operably engaging said lever includes an eccentric mounted on the output shaft of a motor and adapted to rotate, said eccentric being in contact with a bearing wheel rotatably mounted on the other end of said lever, whereby rotation of said eccentric causes said other end of said lever to rise and fall as the eccentric rotates thereby imparting a reciprocating pivoting motion to said lever.
  • said means to agitate said liquid-solid mixture includes a hollow liquid supply shaft extending into said outlet, a spray head on said shaft in communication with the hollow interior of said shaft and adapted to direct liquid under pressure downward into said outlet, thereby to break up concentrations of solid particles and assist in flushing away said solid particles.
  • said means to agitate said liquid-solid mixture includes a shaft rotatably mounted within said outlet, a plurality of impeller blades extending from said shaft, said impeller blades being so pitched as to impel fluid toward said outlet, means to impart rotation to said shaft, whereby when said shaft and impeller blades rotate said blades cut through concentrations of solid particles to break them up and impel said solid particles out said slurry outlet.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
US674328A 1967-10-10 1967-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator Expired - Lifetime US3417871A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US674328A US3417871A (en) 1967-10-10 1967-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator
DE19681801426 DE1801426A1 (de) 1967-10-10 1968-10-05 Zentrifugalanreicherer bzw.Zentrifugalabscheider
BE722017D BE722017A (xx) 1967-10-10 1968-10-08
FR1587437D FR1587437A (xx) 1967-10-10 1968-10-09
CH1528068A CH501433A (fr) 1967-10-10 1968-10-09 Séparateur centrifuge
AU44623/68A AU4462368A (en) 1967-10-10 1968-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator
GB47046/68A GB1249634A (en) 1967-10-10 1968-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US674328A US3417871A (en) 1967-10-10 1967-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3417871A true US3417871A (en) 1968-12-24

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US674328A Expired - Lifetime US3417871A (en) 1967-10-10 1967-10-10 Centrifugal concentrator

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3417871A (xx)
AU (1) AU4462368A (xx)
BE (1) BE722017A (xx)
CH (1) CH501433A (xx)
DE (1) DE1801426A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1587437A (xx)
GB (1) GB1249634A (xx)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802570A (en) * 1972-10-25 1974-04-09 M Dehne Cyclone separator
US4148723A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-04-10 National Research Development Corporation Cyclone separator
US4303526A (en) * 1979-02-12 1981-12-01 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Hydrocyclone separator
US4564443A (en) * 1983-07-14 1986-01-14 The Black Clawson Company Reverse centrifugal cleaning of paper making stock
US5667687A (en) * 1994-12-23 1997-09-16 Serck Baker Limited Cyclone
WO2003099447A1 (en) * 2002-05-27 2003-12-04 Gl & V Sweden Ab Hydrocyclone
US20060243646A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Valentina Kucher Separation of fibre pulp suspensions containing relatively heavy contaminants
US20160129457A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-12 Kucher Valentina Bi-directional lower cone dilution device
CN105618274A (zh) * 2016-02-04 2016-06-01 东北石油大学 壁面旋转双锥内螺旋水力旋流器
CN113498358A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2021-10-12 三九股份公司 用于清除空气流中颗粒的方法和装置
US11285496B2 (en) * 2019-01-10 2022-03-29 Valmet Technologies Oy Hydrocyclone reject chamber
CN116393240A (zh) * 2023-03-31 2023-07-07 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 一种基于水力旋流器的水沙分离分级方法及装置

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4464264A (en) * 1982-03-04 1984-08-07 Noel Carroll Cyclone separator
FI65458C (fi) * 1982-06-03 1984-05-10 Enso Gutzeit Oy Anordning foer att oeppna den tilltaeppta rejektaendan i en cetrifugalrenare
GB2158372B (en) * 1983-09-01 1987-04-08 Noel Carroll Improved outlet for cyclone separators
WO1985001454A1 (en) * 1983-10-06 1985-04-11 Noel Carroll Cyclone separator
DE3623268A1 (de) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-28 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Vorrichtung zum zufuehren von zerkleinerten kunststoffolienabfaellen o.dgl. zu dem aufgabetrichter eines extruders
CA1309667C (en) * 1986-11-26 1992-11-03 Gavan James Joseph Prendergast Hydrocyclones
FI77066C (fi) * 1987-09-01 1989-01-10 Ahlstroem Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer rening av massasuspension.
JPH03505978A (ja) * 1988-11-08 1991-12-26 グライムズ，ジェームズ・ビー 骨外大腿骨プロテーゼ

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709397A (en) * 1950-07-19 1955-05-31 Dorries A G Vorm Maschinenfabr Tubular hydro-extractor for purifying suspensions of fibrous material
US2781910A (en) * 1951-11-30 1957-02-19 Stamicarbon Process of thickening suspensions or emulsions
US2848066A (en) * 1955-09-28 1958-08-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for a simultaneous cleansing of the outlets for dust and clean-gas in cyclones
US2953248A (en) * 1956-03-28 1960-09-20 Bird Machine Co Apparatus for clearing restricted orifice
US3000036A (en) * 1959-08-12 1961-09-19 Tidewater Oil Company Cleaning tool
US3016962A (en) * 1959-10-09 1962-01-16 Pan American Petroleum Corp Automatic acting hydrocyclones for drilling fluids
FR1299115A (fr) * 1961-06-09 1962-07-20 Silkeborg Maskinfabrik As Installation d'atomisation, plus particulièrement pour la fabrication de lait en poudre et de produits laitiers similaires
US3243043A (en) * 1964-12-07 1966-03-29 Thompson Lee Lavere Method of controlling the discharge of solids from an orifice of a centrifugal separator
US3276592A (en) * 1963-07-16 1966-10-04 George E Neuman Separating apparatus for fluids

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709397A (en) * 1950-07-19 1955-05-31 Dorries A G Vorm Maschinenfabr Tubular hydro-extractor for purifying suspensions of fibrous material
US2781910A (en) * 1951-11-30 1957-02-19 Stamicarbon Process of thickening suspensions or emulsions
US2848066A (en) * 1955-09-28 1958-08-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for a simultaneous cleansing of the outlets for dust and clean-gas in cyclones
US2953248A (en) * 1956-03-28 1960-09-20 Bird Machine Co Apparatus for clearing restricted orifice
US3000036A (en) * 1959-08-12 1961-09-19 Tidewater Oil Company Cleaning tool
US3016962A (en) * 1959-10-09 1962-01-16 Pan American Petroleum Corp Automatic acting hydrocyclones for drilling fluids
FR1299115A (fr) * 1961-06-09 1962-07-20 Silkeborg Maskinfabrik As Installation d'atomisation, plus particulièrement pour la fabrication de lait en poudre et de produits laitiers similaires
US3276592A (en) * 1963-07-16 1966-10-04 George E Neuman Separating apparatus for fluids
US3243043A (en) * 1964-12-07 1966-03-29 Thompson Lee Lavere Method of controlling the discharge of solids from an orifice of a centrifugal separator

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3802570A (en) * 1972-10-25 1974-04-09 M Dehne Cyclone separator
US4148723A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-04-10 National Research Development Corporation Cyclone separator
US4303526A (en) * 1979-02-12 1981-12-01 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Hydrocyclone separator
US4564443A (en) * 1983-07-14 1986-01-14 The Black Clawson Company Reverse centrifugal cleaning of paper making stock
US5667687A (en) * 1994-12-23 1997-09-16 Serck Baker Limited Cyclone
WO2003099447A1 (en) * 2002-05-27 2003-12-04 Gl & V Sweden Ab Hydrocyclone
US20060163153A1 (en) * 2002-05-27 2006-07-27 Caldelman Sven L Hydrocyclone
WO2006118512A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Gl & V Management Hungary Kft Hydrocyclone unit and method for separating a fibre pulp suspension containing relatively heavy contaminants
US20060243646A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Valentina Kucher Separation of fibre pulp suspensions containing relatively heavy contaminants
US7404492B2 (en) * 2005-04-29 2008-07-29 Glv Finance Hungary Kft Separation of fibre pulp suspensions containing relatively heavy contaminants
KR101296466B1 (ko) * 2005-04-29 2013-08-20 지엘브이 피난스 헝가리 케이에프티, 룩셈부르크 브랜치 비교적 중질의 오염 물질을 포함하는 섬유 펄프 현탁액을 분리하는 하이드로사이클론 유닛 및 방법
US20160129457A1 (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-12 Kucher Valentina Bi-directional lower cone dilution device
US9914139B2 (en) * 2014-11-07 2018-03-13 Gl&V Luxembourg S.A.R.L. Bi-directional lower cone dilution device
CN105618274A (zh) * 2016-02-04 2016-06-01 东北石油大学 壁面旋转双锥内螺旋水力旋流器
CN105618274B (zh) * 2016-02-04 2017-04-05 东北石油大学 壁面旋转双锥内螺旋水力旋流器
US11285496B2 (en) * 2019-01-10 2022-03-29 Valmet Technologies Oy Hydrocyclone reject chamber
CN113498358A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2021-10-12 三九股份公司 用于清除空气流中颗粒的方法和装置
CN116393240A (zh) * 2023-03-31 2023-07-07 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 一种基于水力旋流器的水沙分离分级方法及装置
CN116393240B (zh) * 2023-03-31 2023-09-22 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 一种基于水力旋流器的水沙分离分级方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4462368A (en) 1970-04-16
CH501433A (fr) 1971-01-15
BE722017A (xx) 1969-03-14
DE1801426A1 (de) 1969-05-22
FR1587437A (xx) 1970-03-20
GB1249634A (en) 1971-10-13

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