US3412596A - Compressing tool - Google Patents

Compressing tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3412596A
US3412596A US517582A US51758265A US3412596A US 3412596 A US3412596 A US 3412596A US 517582 A US517582 A US 517582A US 51758265 A US51758265 A US 51758265A US 3412596 A US3412596 A US 3412596A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tool
ram
force
washers
dies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US517582A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Burns William Curtis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Corp
Original Assignee
AMP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMP Inc filed Critical AMP Inc
Priority to US517582A priority Critical patent/US3412596A/en
Priority to GB53367/66A priority patent/GB1123314A/en
Priority to ES0334113A priority patent/ES334113A1/es
Priority to FR87033A priority patent/FR1506662A/fr
Priority to NL6617417A priority patent/NL6617417A/xx
Priority to DE19661577204 priority patent/DE1577204A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3412596A publication Critical patent/US3412596A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
    • H01R43/042—Hand tools for crimping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
    • Y10T29/532—Conductor
    • Y10T29/53209—Terminal or connector
    • Y10T29/53213—Assembled to wire-type conductor
    • Y10T29/53235—Means to fasten by deformation

Definitions

  • a tool having a pair of dies for compressing an article disposed between the dies.
  • the drive train includes resilient force imposing means having a nonuniform spring rate. During the final stages of compression of an article the spring rate of the force imposing means is approximately zero thereby permitting a constant force output from the tool despite variance in size of the article due to manufacturing tolerances or the like.
  • the tool is adjustable to permit a wide range of articles to be compressed without requiring substitution of the compressing dies.
  • Electrical terminals of a given type normally are available in a variety of sizes to accommodate various size electrical conductors.
  • Most crimping tools employ a separate set of dies for each size terminal.
  • This optimum condition is then translated in terms of die closure or crimp height, that is the amount of distance between the upper and lower dies when bottoming occurs.
  • the use of crimp height has several distinct disadvantages. Firstly, a given size terminal usually is employed with more than one closely related wire size with the result that a set crimp height which is proper for one wire size will produce a crimp which is either too lose or too tight for another wire size.
  • a given size terminal will vary slightly in size due to manufacturing tolerances with the result that a set crimp height will produce crimps of varying quality.
  • Manufacturing tolerances produce drastic size variations in the case of preinsulated terminals, that is where the barrel portion of the terminal comprises a layer of terminal material, a layer of metallic ferrule material and a layer of plastic insulating material.
  • a further object is to provide a crimping tool whereby a single set of dies may be utilized for crimping a variety of sizes of terminal members.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a tool which will produce uniform quality crimps on a given size terminal despite varaitions in size due to manufacturing tolerances.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a tool embodying the teachings of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a view partly in section taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIGURE 2 but showing the tool in a partially closed condition;
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG- URE 3 but showing the tool in its fully closed position;
  • FIGURES 5 through 7 are cross-sectional views of a pair of crimping dies used with the tool of FIGURE 1 showing the closed position of the dies when used on three different size terminals;
  • FIGURE 8 is a graph showing the load-deflection characteristics of the tool of FIGURE 1.
  • the tool 10 for use in connecting metallic terminals to electrical conductors.
  • the tool 10 comprises a generally C-shaped head section secured to a cylindrical body portion 14 by pins or the like as indicated at 16.
  • a pair of male crimping dies 18 and 20 are rigidly secured at 22 to the head 12.
  • the die 18 will secure the center conductor of a wire to a suitable terminal
  • the die 20 will secure the insulation of the wire conductor to the terminal.
  • a pair of female dies 24 and 26, secured together at 28, cooperate with the dies 18 and 20 respectively to produce the crimping operation.
  • the dies 24 and 26 are mounted for reciprocating movement within the head 12 and are guided therein by a pair of channels 30.
  • An upper ram 32 is slidably disposed within body section 14 and is rigidly secured at its upper end to the dies 24 and 26.
  • a spring 34 is disposed between body section 14 and ram 32 and biases the ram downwardly as seen in FIGURE 2 to normally bias the dies 24 and 26 out of contact with the dies 18 and 20.
  • a bottom plate 36 is disposed in the lower portion of cylindrical body 14 and is externally threaded at 38 to mate with internal threads 40 formed in the body 14.
  • Plate 36 has a central aperture through which extends a lower ram 42.
  • a force imposing means shown in the figures as a series of Belleville washers 44. These washers have substantially a truncated cone configuration and are normally formed of a spring steel. It is to be understood that although Belleville washers have been show and constitute a preferred form of force imposing means the washers may be substituted for other spring members without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • An elongated spindle-like member 46 extends from the upper surface of the lower ram 42, the said spindle extending through the openings in the washers and into a recess 48 formed in the upper ram 32.
  • Spindle 46 is threaded at its free end as indicated at 50 and engages a nut 52 disposed in the recess 48.
  • the recess 48 and nut 52 are so dimensioned that the nut is free to reciprocate up and down within the ram 32. However, the nut 52 is restrained against rotational movement relative to the ram 32.
  • One or more spacer washers 54 may be utilized as required.
  • the bottom plate 36 has a pair of depending legs 56 extending therefrom to which are secured a pair of intermediate links 58.
  • a pair of handles 60 are pinned at 62 to the links 58 and are pinned at 64 to the lower ram 42. In normal use the handles 60 will be grasped by an operator and pivoted between their opened and closed position to effect operation of the tool.
  • FIGURE 2 the tool is shown in its fully opened position, i.e. the bottom ram 42 is at its lowermost point, the washers 44 are in their relaxed condition, and the return spring 34 is in its extended position to bias upper ram 32 to its lowermost position, thereby holding the crimping dies out of contact.
  • a terminal and wire conductor 66 are placed between the upper and lower crimping dies and the handles 60 are pivoted toward each other. Since the space between the upper and lower dies is greater than the outside diameter of the terminal barrel to be crimped there will be an initial period of quick takeup movement, that is the upper and lower rams will raise as a unit until the distance between the upper and lower dies equals the diameter of the terminal barrel.
  • the amount of force exerted on the terminal barrel to effect the crimping operation will be determined by the particular washers 44 which are employed. Since the washers will exert a predetermined force it can be seen that a fixed crimping force will be exerted to the terminals regardless of variations in size of the terminals due to manufacturing tolerances.
  • FIGURE 8 wherein there is shown a graph illustrating the spring characteristics or spring rate of the typical Belleville washer.
  • Conical spring washers may be produced to provide varying load deflection characteristics.
  • the particular graph shown in FIGURE 8 is that of a conical spring washer having a dish equal to approximately 1.5 times the thickness of the washer.
  • the particular washer chosen will exert a force of 3000 pounds when deflected into its flat position.
  • the washer will exert a force of approximately 3000 pounds from its position of 67% deflection to its flat position or 100% deflection.
  • This is an extremely desirable characteristic of the washers in that variations in size of the terminals to be crimped which results in slight variations in the amount of displacement of the washers will not appreciably change the force exerted by the washers.
  • the particular tool illustrated has been designed for use with three size terminals.
  • the largest size, shown in phantom in FIGURE 5, requires a force of 3000 pounds for an effective crimp.
  • the intermediate size terminal, shown in phantom in FIGURE 6, requires a crimping force of approximately 1350 pounds.
  • the smallest size terminal, shown in phantom in FIGURE 7, requires a crimping force of approximately 1200 pounds. It is important to note in these figures that the crimping dies never bottom regardless of the size terminal being used, this being a drastic departure from conventional crimping tools. Since the dies do not bottom, the manufacturing tolerances of the dies which must be rigidly held in conventional tools are not critical with the present tool, thus resulting in a considerable savings in the cost of die manufacture.
  • a total deflection of 0.100 inch has been chosen as representing 100% deflection. Therefore the tool may be designed to effect 0.070 inch deflection of the washers to produce the required 3000 pounds force.
  • an adjustment must be made to the washers 44 in order to change the force exerted from 3000 pounds to 1350 pounds.
  • axes X and Y are shown in dotted lines and intersect the graph at a point representing 1650 pounds. This leaves a remainder of 1350 pounds which is the desired force.
  • the axes X and Y' intersect the graph at a deflection of 0.021 inch which represents the amount of deflection which must be taken out of the washers in order to achieve the final force of 1350 pounds.
  • the tool is adjusted by grasping the body 14 to hold it stationary while taking the handles 60 and rotating them relative to the body 14, the adjustment being made prior to operation of the tool. This rotation will cause the bottom plate 36 to rotate relative to body 14 and to be displaced axially therealong due to the threads 38 and 40. It can also be seen that the bottom ram 42 will rotate together with handles 60 and rotation of the ram 42 causes rotation of spindle 46 relative to nut 52 to thereby cause compressing movement of the washers 44.
  • FIGURE 8 When it is subsequently desired to crimp the smallest size terminal requiring 1200 pounds another adjustment must be made.
  • FIGURE 8 there is shown the axes X and Y" which intersect the graph at 1800 pounds leaving a remainder of 1200 pounds representing the final desired force.
  • the axes X" and Y also can be seen to intersect the graph at a deflection of 0.024 inch which again will represent the amount of deflection which must be taken out of the washers 44 in order to achieve the desired final force.
  • FIGURE 2 it can be seen that if the tool is adjusted to 0.021 inch initial compression all that will be required is a half revolution of handles 60 which will add 0.003 deflection to the washers which will result in the total initial deflection of 0.024 inch. Again the tool will be utilized as before with the total force developed at full handle closure being 1200 pounds.
  • a means to indicate to the operator the position of adjustment of the tool This means is shown as an indicating arm 68 which may be secured to the bottom plate 36 thereby causing the arm 68 to rotate together with the handles 60.
  • the body 14 is provided with three indicia marks 70 which may be cross hairs and may be color coded or the like to indicate to the operator the three positions of adjustment of the tool. When the indicator 68 is aligned with one of the indicia 70 the operator will know which size terminal the tool has been adjusted to operate on.
  • each washer 44 has been shown in series arrangement, such arrangement having the effect of maintaining the force available in the washers constant While permitting adjustment of the amount of deflection of the washers.
  • each washer is designed to produce a force of 3000 pounds at a deflection of 0.025 inch
  • a series of four washers will produce a force of 3000 pounds at a deflection of four times 0.025 inch or 0.100 inch.
  • a compressing device comprising a tool body, a first die fixed to said body, a second die movable relative to said body and cooperable with said first die to compress an article disposed therebetween, a first ram secured to said second die and movable relative to said body, a second ram movable relative to said body and to said first ram, means to effect movement of said second ram towards and away from said first ram, and force imposing means disposed between said first and second rams for transmitting force from said second ram to said second die, said force imposing means comprising resilient means having a non-uniform spring rate, said spring rate approaching zero during compression of said article between said first and second dies.
  • a compressing device as set forth in claim 1 further comprising spring means disposed between said first ram and said body for effecting return movement of said second die away from said first die.
  • a compressing device as set forth in claim 1 further comprising means to adjust the position of said second ram relative to said first ram.
  • a compressing device as set forth in claim 4 further comprising means to indicate the adjusted position of said second ram.
  • a compressing device as set forth in claim 1 further comprising externally threaded means secured to said second ram, nut means disposed within said second ram, said nut means being capable of axial displacement relative to said second ram and restrained against rotation relative thereto, said threaded means threadably engaging said nut means, means to effect relative rotational movement between said second ram and said first ram whereby said threaded means adjusts the relative position of said first and second rams and whereby said resilient means is preloaded to thereby effect a change in the compressing force produced by movement of said second die into cooperation with said first die.
  • a compressing device for swaging metallic terminal members of different sizes to corresponding electrical conductors comprising a body member with a head on one end thereof, operating handles on the other end of said body member, a first swaging die secured to said head, a relatively movable swaging die disposed in said one end of said body member and aligned with said first die, force imposing means in said body including adjustable resilient means having a spring rate and transmitting force from said handles to said movable die, and means for changing the adjustment of said resilient means to limit the amount of force transmitted, said adjustment changing means being operative to initially compress said resilient means prior to operation of said handles to thereby decrease the available force transmitting capability of said resilient means by an amount dependent upon said spring rate, whereby different size terminal members may be swaged onto corresponding conductors with the same tool and the same swaging dies.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
US517582A 1965-12-30 1965-12-30 Compressing tool Expired - Lifetime US3412596A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US517582A US3412596A (en) 1965-12-30 1965-12-30 Compressing tool
GB53367/66A GB1123314A (en) 1965-12-30 1966-11-29 Improvements in or relating to a crimping tool
ES0334113A ES334113A1 (es) 1965-12-30 1966-12-03 Un dispositivo de recalcar.
FR87033A FR1506662A (fr) 1965-12-30 1966-12-12 Outil de sertissage à pression déterminée
NL6617417A NL6617417A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1965-12-30 1966-12-12
DE19661577204 DE1577204A1 (de) 1965-12-30 1966-12-22 Presswerkzeug

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US517582A US3412596A (en) 1965-12-30 1965-12-30 Compressing tool

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3412596A true US3412596A (en) 1968-11-26

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ID=24060392

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US517582A Expired - Lifetime US3412596A (en) 1965-12-30 1965-12-30 Compressing tool

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3412596A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1577204A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
ES (1) ES334113A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
FR (1) FR1506662A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1123314A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL6617417A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005517A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-02-01 Amp Incorporated Vacuum cleaner hose terminal applicator
US4080820A (en) * 1976-09-02 1978-03-28 Walter Kidde & Company, Inc. In-line crimping tool
US4227299A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-10-14 Bunker Ramo Corporation Hand tool for terminal connection of electrical cable to an electrical connector
US4991289A (en) * 1989-06-23 1991-02-12 Amp Incorporated Crimping die and crimped electrical connection therefrom
US20080141753A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Intelligent Design Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing connecting ferrules
US9166353B1 (en) 2014-09-19 2015-10-20 Panduit Corp. Large ferrule crimp die

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2351049A (en) * 1941-12-26 1944-06-13 Independent Pneumatic Tool Co Squeeze riveter
US2369180A (en) * 1942-12-15 1945-02-13 Guild Mfg Company Tool for applying electrical and telephone tip terminals
US2941430A (en) * 1957-11-19 1960-06-21 Amp Inc Hydraulically operated connector crimping tool
US3205568A (en) * 1962-11-19 1965-09-14 Amp Inc Crimping tool

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2351049A (en) * 1941-12-26 1944-06-13 Independent Pneumatic Tool Co Squeeze riveter
US2369180A (en) * 1942-12-15 1945-02-13 Guild Mfg Company Tool for applying electrical and telephone tip terminals
US2941430A (en) * 1957-11-19 1960-06-21 Amp Inc Hydraulically operated connector crimping tool
US3205568A (en) * 1962-11-19 1965-09-14 Amp Inc Crimping tool

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4005517A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-02-01 Amp Incorporated Vacuum cleaner hose terminal applicator
US4080820A (en) * 1976-09-02 1978-03-28 Walter Kidde & Company, Inc. In-line crimping tool
US4227299A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-10-14 Bunker Ramo Corporation Hand tool for terminal connection of electrical cable to an electrical connector
US4991289A (en) * 1989-06-23 1991-02-12 Amp Incorporated Crimping die and crimped electrical connection therefrom
US20080141753A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Intelligent Design Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing connecting ferrules
US7409847B2 (en) 2006-12-14 2008-08-12 Intelligent Design Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing connecting ferrules
US9166353B1 (en) 2014-09-19 2015-10-20 Panduit Corp. Large ferrule crimp die

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES334113A1 (es) 1967-11-01
NL6617417A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-07-03
DE1577204A1 (de) 1970-04-09
FR1506662A (fr) 1967-12-22
GB1123314A (en) 1968-08-14

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