US3408912A - Copying machines - Google Patents

Copying machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3408912A
US3408912A US511015A US51101565A US3408912A US 3408912 A US3408912 A US 3408912A US 511015 A US511015 A US 511015A US 51101565 A US51101565 A US 51101565A US 3408912 A US3408912 A US 3408912A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
negative
positive
layers
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US511015A
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English (en)
Inventor
Limberger Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lumoprint Zindler KG and Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Lumoprint Zindler KG and Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lumoprint Zindler KG and Co GmbH filed Critical Lumoprint Zindler KG and Co GmbH
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D9/00—Diffusion development apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
    • G03B27/14—Details
    • G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
    • G03B27/303—Gas processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
    • G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
    • G03B27/14—Details
    • G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
    • G03B27/306—Heat development
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/02—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section
    • G03C8/04—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section the substances transferred by diffusion consisting of inorganic or organo-metallic compounds derived from photosensitive noble metals
    • G03C8/06—Silver salt diffusion transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/42—Structural details
    • G03C8/52—Bases or auxiliary layers; Substances therefor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A copying apparatus in which the master sheet is led in superimposed relationship with a negative layer and a positive layer inwardly through a single opening in the wall of the machine housing and is then carried around the exposure drum by a powered transport belt prior to separation of the master sheet (and its divergence to an opening in the housing) from the negative and POSI- tive layers.
  • the negative and positive layers are passed between exclusive upper and lower guide members, the former being constituted by the convex bottom of a liquid supply reservoir, while the latter is an upwardly concave trough. At the outlet side the layers are passed between a pair of squeezing rollers.
  • the present invention concerns producing photocopies by the so-called diffusion process.
  • the making of copies according to the diffusion method utilizes a negative layer and a positive layer disposed on a carrier, and a bath of a developer fluid through which the positive and negative layers are passed.
  • a prior method of preparing copies utilizes a photographic negative layer which contains a developer substance and, after exposure, is subjected to heat treatment in contact with a positive layer.
  • the negative layer must be removed by washing oif with warm water so that an additional operation is necessary which, owing to the washing device required, is also comparatively expensive. Treatment by washing presupposes a certain amount of experience.
  • a carrier sheet having a positive layer and a carrier sheet having an exposed negative layer are passed through a developer fluid and then through a pair of squeezing and conveyor rollers.
  • the layer carriers are brought into the developer fluid through separate introduction passages in a copying apparatus.
  • the development of the negative takes place from the positive side and then there occurs the diffusion into the positive.
  • guide paths which pass through the entire bath and are separated by a guide surface. The layer carriers, even after being separately introduced into the fluid, can be pushed together on a guide surface leading through the remaining part of the bath to a pair of squeezing and conveyor rollers.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a new method which avoids the disadvantages of the known method.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the diffusion development which surmounts the disadvantages of known methods and renders possible the carrying out of the diffusion treatment as a one-sheet process.
  • I provide a method of preparing copies by a dilfusion process with the use of a negative layer and a positive layer arranged between two layer carriers in a single composite or unitary sheet which is passed, after exposure, through a developing device and, after development, is split to separate the two layer carriers.
  • a diffusion development may be effected in a bath with developer fluid, the fluid being admitted through one or both layer carriers.
  • my invention utilizes a-material for preparing copies by the diffusion process wherein negative and positive layers, each mounted on a layer carrier, are combined in one sheet.
  • the positive layer and the negative layer may be arranged in indirect or direct contact with each other and detachably secured together, the carriers being located on the outside of the layer material.
  • a translucent separating layer may be provided between the positive and negative layers for the mechanical separation and simultaneous mechanical connection of the layers. The translucent separating layer, whose light transmissivity enables the making of photocopies by the reflex process,
  • the separating layer may contain a substance which is adapted to give off water of crystallization such as, for example, polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the separating layer contains an adhesive.
  • the separating layer may be designed in such a manner, or so adjusted with respect to its solubility, that a developer impregnation or a diffusion of activating liquid into the positive layer may at first be prevented and take place only after full development of the negative.
  • the method according to the present invention may be practiced with the aid of an apparatus having a single guide surface, preferably formed by the base of a container.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial section through a material usable in conjunction with the invention, shown on a greatly enlarged scale;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side view of an apparatus for practicing the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, drawn to a different scale.
  • FIG. 4 is an embodiment of an apparatus differing from that of FIG. 2.
  • the material shown in FIG. 1 consists of a thin flexible carrier 1 which is provided with a comparatively thin positive layer 2.
  • a separating layer 3 is provided in this positive layer; this separating layer exists only in a preferred mode of realization and is not absolutely necessary.
  • a negative layer 4 On the side of the separating layer 3 remote from the positive layer there is provided a negative layer 4 which is adapted to be drawn off dry.
  • the side of the negative layer 4 remote from the separating layer 3 is provided with a preferably thin, flexible first carrier layer 5 which is preferably of porous absorbent material.
  • the purpose of the separating layer 3 is to keep the layers 2 and 4 together and, after being thoroughly wetted, to loosen them so that the positive layer 2 can be drawn off; thus the separating layer holds the layers together but is wettable for releasing the layers from one another.
  • the permeable layer carrier 5 is designed to allow developer fluid to penetrate comparatively quickly to the negative layer 4 and to develop this layer.
  • the second layer carrier 1 of the positive layer can be omitted in some instances.
  • the separating layer preferably contains the following ingredients:
  • the original is laid on the layer carrier 1 in such manner that the illustration or message side faces the layer carrier.
  • the negative is exposed by the reflex process, the light incidence being effected from below as viewed in FIG. 1.
  • the separating layer 3 (which, for example, may consist of a film) does not produce completely automatic detachment of the layers, it is advisable to take steps, preferably on the edge of the material located forwardly in the apparatus, for facilitating mechanical separation. In the embodiment shown this is effected by recessing an edge strip 6. Separation may, however, also be effected, for example, by offsetting the layer 2 and the carrier 1 rela- 4 .1 tively to the layer 4 and the carrier 5, or only one or the other layer carrier relatively to the remainder of the stack.
  • the embodiment illustrated has the additional advantage of protecting the negative layer against incident light and also, in the event of comparatively long storage, against absorption of moisture.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown an apparatus having a casing 7 with an insertion slot 8 on one operating side for the original and the copying material, and a lower delivery slot 9 for the original. Between these slots there is disposed a shelf-like extension 10 outside a delivery slot 11 for the copying material which may be ejected either in its cohesive state or after detachment of the negative layer from the positive layer.
  • a conventional exposure device 12 In front of the rear wall of the casing there is disposed, in the upper part of the apparatus, a conventional exposure device 12 with an exposure cylinder 13 and several pressure bands 17 guided over rollers 14, 15, 16 and tensioned by a resilient support 18 for the shaft of the roller 15.
  • the cylinder 13 simultaneously serves to reverse the direction of motion of the original and the copying material and to guide them back to the front of the apparatus. Therefore the cylinder 13 has a comparatively large diameter.
  • the cylinder 13 is provided, preferably, with shutters 19 which may be adjustable and by which the actual exposure can be limited to a comparatively narrow strip.
  • shutters 19 which may be adjustable and by which the actual exposure can be limited to a comparatively narrow strip.
  • light source 20 in the cylinder for transilluminating a composite sheet as described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • a feed table 21 which enables the preliminary storing of a stack consisting of a sheet of copying material and the original.
  • the sheet of copying material and the original are taken over by at guide surface 22.
  • a pair of separating rollers 23, 24 which rotate in known manner in the same direction and have a gap between them conforming to the size of the original. This means that the cap is equal to or somewhat larger than the thickness of the original but narrower than the thickness of the copying material.
  • the upper separating roller 23 raises the sheet of copying material and conveys it into a developing device 25, while the original runs over the guide surface as far as the delivery shelf 10 and can remain in the apparatus, being accessible from the shelf.
  • a step 26 in the guide surface 22 ensures that subsequent originals can be added to those already disposed on the horizontal receiving surface 27.
  • the developing device has simply a trough-like guide surface 28 over which there is provided a storage container 29, holding the developer fluid, for covering the liquid bath.
  • a storage container 29 holding the developer fluid, for covering the liquid bath.
  • a guide surface 39 overhanging the end of the guide surface 28 and the separating roller 23.
  • the level of the developer fluid is indicated by the reference numeral 40.
  • an apparatus 41 is provided which regulates the level of fluid in the receptacle.
  • the container is otherwise completely closed; only at the top does it have a filling socket which can be tightly sealed and is accessible from one side of the apparatus.
  • the container 29 can be removably arranged.
  • the aperture 41 may be closed by means of valves (not shown).
  • a pair of squeezing and conveyor rollers 30, 31 are provided at the end of the guide surface 28 .
  • the roller 31 should run tangentially to the guide surface in a recess formed therein.
  • the roller 30 is located at a very small distance from the roller 31, this distance being smaller however than the thickness of the copying material.
  • FIG. 3 shows a unit 32 provided on one side of the assembly just described, which contains the driving and switch devices therefor. As seen in FIG. 2, the drive of all the rotating parts is effected by way of a central driving disk 33 from which transmissions 34, 35, 36, 37, shown in broken lines, pass to the individual rollers.
  • the unit 32 is associated with a driving motor 42 which drives the central driving disk 33 shown in FIG. 2. Moreover, the unit 32 is provided with connections 43 to the main supply for feeding the exposure light source and an exposure time clock. Between the unit 32 and the interior of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 there is preferably provided a partition 44 in which the shafts of all the rotating parts are journaled for rotation in the direction indicated by arrows. The shaft ends on the other side of the rotating parts can be journaled in the wall 44' of the casing. In the case of a narrow apparatus, the unit 32 can be provided at least partly in the compartment that houses the storage container 29.
  • FIG. 4 which shows such a construction, corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • a delivery slot 38 for the original is provided at the top of the apparatus.
  • the driving means are not shown in detail. Their construction will be apparent from a comparison with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the pressure device in front of the delivery slot 11 shown in FIG. 4 consists merely of a squeezing and conveyor roller 45 which is spacedly disposed above the guide surface 46. The clearance is smaller than the thickness of the material conveyed through the trough 47 of the developer device.
  • the fluid level in this trough is indicated by 48.
  • the trough is covered at the top by a storage container 49. This storage container is arranged and constructed according to the storage container 29.
  • a copy apparatus for producing a copy of a master sheet upon an externally applied positive layer by forming a latent image in an externally supplied negative layer and effecting diffusion transfer between said negative layer and said positive layer, said apparatus comprising:
  • developing means in said housing formed with an upwardly concave trough receiving a liquid developer and constituted substantially of an exclusive lower guide member for said positive and negative layers, and a supply container for delivering said liquid to said trough and having a downwardly convex underside forming an exclusive upper guide member for said positive and negative layers, said guide members defining between them a single inlet for admitting said positive and negative layers between said members and into the liquid in said trough, said members further defining between them an outlet for said positive and negative layers remote from said inlet;
  • powered squeezing-roller means adjacent said outlet for compressing the positive and negative layers against one another upon their passage between said members and through said liquid and upon their emergence from said developing means;
  • exposure means between said first opening and said inlet and adapted to form said latent image in said negative layer
  • said squeezing-roller means comprises a roller spaced from the portion of said lower guide member projecting beyond said upper guide member by a distance less than the combined thicknesses of said layers.
  • said separating means includes another guide plate leading from said second opening substantially to the region of said exposure means and powered roller means co-operating with said guide plate for deflecting said layers and said sheet along divergent paths.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
US511015A 1959-07-15 1965-10-23 Copying machines Expired - Lifetime US3408912A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL0033733 1959-07-15

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US3408912A true US3408912A (en) 1968-11-05

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US511015A Expired - Lifetime US3408912A (en) 1959-07-15 1965-10-23 Copying machines
US579451A Expired - Lifetime US3409430A (en) 1959-07-15 1966-08-29 Method of making copies by diffusion transfer

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US579451A Expired - Lifetime US3409430A (en) 1959-07-15 1966-08-29 Method of making copies by diffusion transfer

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US (2) US3408912A (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png)
DE (1) DE1157481B (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png)
FR (1) FR1262874A (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png)
GB (1) GB952876A (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59178456A (ja) * 1983-03-30 1984-10-09 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd カラ−画像形成方法
JP2001281800A (ja) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-10 Konica Corp 熱現像写真感光材料

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2692830A (en) * 1944-11-03 1954-10-26 Polaroid Corp Photographic silver halide transfer process
US2732778A (en) * 1956-01-31 Limberger
US2903954A (en) * 1955-01-26 1959-09-15 Zindler Lumoprint Kg Apparatus for the production of photographic copies
US2925025A (en) * 1958-01-28 1960-02-16 Copease Corp Photocopying machine
US3088824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-05-07 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Rapid photographic developing

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2308571A (en) * 1940-07-11 1943-01-19 Frank W Sieffcrt Shower cabinet
US2500421A (en) * 1944-11-03 1950-03-14 Polaroid Corp Photographic silver halide transfer process
US2647056A (en) * 1948-02-12 1953-07-28 Polaroid Corp One step photographic transfer process
BE517065A (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png) * 1952-01-21
BE544850A (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png) * 1955-02-07

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732778A (en) * 1956-01-31 Limberger
US2692830A (en) * 1944-11-03 1954-10-26 Polaroid Corp Photographic silver halide transfer process
US2903954A (en) * 1955-01-26 1959-09-15 Zindler Lumoprint Kg Apparatus for the production of photographic copies
US2925025A (en) * 1958-01-28 1960-02-16 Copease Corp Photocopying machine
US3088824A (en) * 1959-02-17 1963-05-07 Cons Electrodynamics Corp Rapid photographic developing

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GB952876A (en) 1964-03-18
FR1262874A (fr) 1961-06-05
US3409430A (en) 1968-11-05
DE1157481B (US08088918-20120103-C00476.png)

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