US3401516A - High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn - Google Patents

High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3401516A
US3401516A US553890A US55389066A US3401516A US 3401516 A US3401516 A US 3401516A US 553890 A US553890 A US 553890A US 55389066 A US55389066 A US 55389066A US 3401516 A US3401516 A US 3401516A
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Prior art keywords
yarn
core
textured
yarns
sheath
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US553890A
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English (en)
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Ronald W Chidgey
William H Hills
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Monsanto Co
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Monsanto Co
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Priority to US553890A priority Critical patent/US3401516A/en
Priority to GB23968/67A priority patent/GB1184702A/en
Priority to IL28072A priority patent/IL28072A/en
Priority to CH757567A priority patent/CH503132A/de
Priority to CH757567D priority patent/CH757567A4/xx
Priority to NL6707471A priority patent/NL6707471A/xx
Priority to LU53784D priority patent/LU53784A1/xx
Priority to DE19671660492 priority patent/DE1660492A1/de
Priority to FR108544A priority patent/FR1524895A/fr
Priority to BE699285D priority patent/BE699285A/xx
Priority to US694896A priority patent/US3447296A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3401516A publication Critical patent/US3401516A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/20—Combinations of two or more of the above-mentioned operations or devices; After-treatments for fixing crimp or curl
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/24—Bulked yarns or threads, e.g. formed from staple fibre components with different relaxation characteristics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel continuous filament synthetic textile yarn, to the manner of producing such yarn and to the apparatus employed therein. It also relates to fabrics produced from such yarn.
  • the yarns of the invention have a high degree of bulk and yet maintain a low degree of stretch.
  • the invention provides a highly integrated process for producing the textured yarn of the present invention as well as an apparatus employed therein and fabrics produced from the novel yarn.
  • Staple fiber yarns derive the majority of their bulkiness not from crimps or curls but from the discontinuous nature of the short fibers and from the ends of those short fibers which protrude out from the yarn bundle. It has long been a major goal in the synthetic fibers industry to provide a yarn composed entirely of continuous filaments possessing the desirable bulkiness retention of staple yarns when used in tightly constructed fabrics while eliminating the undesirable shedding and pilling associated with yarns made from short fibers and eliminating the numerous manufacturing steps required to produce a yarn from staple fibers.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a continuous filament yarn with the desirable soft hand ice and high cover of textured yarns while retaining the low stretch properties or longitudinal dimensional stability of conventional yam.
  • -It is further an object of the present invention to provide knitted or woven fabrics produced from the novel tension stable yarn.
  • the yarn of the present invention is composed entirely of synthetic continuous filamentary materials. While the yarn is a composite yarn and is composed only of a plurality of continuous synthetic filaments and is formed from a plurality of yarn ends, the yarn itself is a singles yarn and is to be distinguished from a continuous filament plied yarn.
  • the term singles yarn is used to specify a composite yarn which is composed of a plurality of continuous fi1a ments which are united into a compact bundle. The term as used distinguishes the instant yarn [from ply yarn formed by twisting together two or more singles yarns.
  • the yarn herein is composed of an internal integral core which is itself made up of one or more substantially untextured, that is, straight, synthetic continuous filaments.
  • This load-bearing core is surrounded by and has randomly bonded thereto a bulk-imparting sheath made up of a plurality of textured, that is, crinkled, synthetic continuous filaments.
  • the bonding serves to eliminate movement of the sheath with respect to the core.
  • the yarn of the present invention while it is a singles yarn, is a composite yarn in that it is made up of an integral core of continuous substantially untextured filamentary material surrounded by a sheath composed of a plurality of textured continuous filaments, the sheath being bonded to the core.
  • the yarn is substantially free of twist but processes into fabric as one having 5 or more turns per inch.
  • the yarn has less than 1 turn per inch but may have as high as 5.
  • the process of the invention involves forwarding a substantially untextured core yarn which is composed of at least one synthetic continuous filament to a zone where it contacts a textured sheath yarn.
  • the textured yarn is composed of a plurality of textured synthetic continuous filaments of the same or different chemical composition as the core.
  • the tension on the core in the zone of contact is greater than that on the textured sheath by 0.1 to 5.0 g./d. In any event the tension on either is not sufficient to cause substantial breaking of the filaments.
  • the core filament or filaments and textured sheath filaments are false twisted together by a false twist means in order to provide intimate contact between the core and sheath filaments.
  • the textured sheath filaments are bonded to the core filaments.
  • the bonding may be thermochemical using a solvent for the filaments or may result from the use of adhesives such as sizes, starch, polyacrylics, etc.
  • the resulting product which is a substantially twistless singles yarn is then taken up in an orderly manner by means known in the art with or without additional twist.
  • the apparatus for producing the yarn of the invention comprises a highly integrated combination of elements.
  • Means are provided for forwarding the core yarn to a zone of contact with a textured sheath yarn under a tension in excess of the tension on the sheath.
  • Means for forwarding textured sheath filaments to the zone of contact with the core yarn are also provided.
  • False twist means are present to impart a sufiicient degree of false twist to provide intimate contact between the core and sheath yarns.
  • Binding means are provided for bonding the sheath yarn to the core yarn as well as means to perfect the bond between the yarns.
  • means are provided for forwarding the final product yarn to a take-up means where it is taken up in an orderly fashion.
  • FIGURE 1 is a perspective of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention to produce the novel yarn.
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of the novel yarn of the present invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross sectional view of the yarn of FIGURE 2 taken along the longitudinal axis.
  • a yarn 1 composed of at least one end of continuous filament synthetic textile filaments is withdrawn from the supply package 2 and is fed through a guide 3 to snub pin 4.
  • the synthetic textile material supplied from supply package 2 may be any of the well known synthetic continuous fiber forming materials useful in the formation of textile fabrics and formed by known techniques from synthetic fiber forming thermoplastic resins.
  • Such resins are polyethylene; polypropylene; polyurethanes; copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride; the copolymers of vinylidene chloride and a minor proportion of mono-olefinic compound copolrnerized therewith, such as, for example, vinyl chloride; homopolymers of acrylonitrile, copolymers of acrylonitrile and a minor proportion of at least one mono-olefinic compound copolymerized therewith and polymer blends containing combined acrylonitrile in a major proportion; copolymers of vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile; linear polyesters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dihydric compounds, such as polyethylene terephthalate and copolymers derived from terephthalic acid and bis-1,4(hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane; modifications of such polyesters; linear polycarbonamides such as for example, polyhexamethylene adipamide; polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polmeric monoamino-
  • the yarn supplied from the supply package 2 can be yarn, the filaments of which have a circular or non-circular cross section.
  • a noncircular cross sectional filament is one having a triskelion cross section along its length.
  • This type of filament has 3 branches, each of which is preferably equally spaced about the center thereof. The distal ends of the branches are substantially uniformly curved or bent in one direction.
  • the filament is particularly characterized by having threefold axial symmetry and presenting no planar symmetry. Additionally, other non-circular cross section yarns can also be employed.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention wherein a single yarn end composed of a plurality of continuous filaments is supplied which will form the load-bearing core. It is, however, to be understood that the present invention is not limited to a yarn in which the core is formed from only a single yarn end. One can utilize two or more yarn ends to form the core of the novel yarn.
  • the core will serve to provide the longitudinal dimensional stability to the ultimate yarn and will affect the hand as well as the flexibility of the yarn product, it is necessary that the materials forming the core, the number of yarn ends making up the core, and the total denier of the core be selected with the desired attributes of the ultimately produced product, i.e., the necessary stability of the yarn itself, in mind.
  • the number of filaments in the core strand and the denier per filament can vary over a rather wide range, depending upon the desired properties of the final product yarn. It is preferable that the core make up approximately 33% of the total denier of the final yarn product since a more balanced product will result between dimensional stability and bulk. This percentage will vary, however, with the desired characteristics of the final product from about 1050%. In this regard it may generally be said that where the percentage of the core is greater, there will be less bulk in the ultimatelv produced composite yarn.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a single stage drawing of the core yarn at draw pin 7. It is to be understood that the drawing can be accomplished in a plurality of stages in a manner known in the art or in the alternative all the drawing can be accomplished prior to the yarns employed in the present procedure.
  • the core yarn is forwarded to a zone of contact with a textured yarn.
  • this zone of contact is in the yarn path just below guide 8, 8a and splitter pin 10.
  • the textured and core yarns are false twisted together and the textured yarn will be randomly bonded to the core. It is necessary, therefore, to provide means for accomplishing this bonding.
  • the bonding means illustrated is a solvent applicator 9 in which the yarn is passed in contact with a wick saturated with a solvent for the yarn material. From feed roll 5 the yarn is passed to a draw pin 7 to a guide pin 8 and eye guide 80 and to the solvent applicator 9. It is not necessary that a solvent be applied to the yarn by the applicator.
  • An adhesive composition can be employed which will serve to bond the textured sheath yarn to the core. It should be noticed that when selecting an adhesive to serve as the bonding agent, consideration must be given to the appearance of the yarn product as well as the dyeing characteristics, that is, the bonding agent for most purposes should not impart an unsightly appearance or adversely afi'ect the even dyeing of the product.
  • the bonding of the substantially straight cores filamentary yarn to the crinkly sheath filamentary yarn is preferably a thermochemical one.
  • the chemical solvents employed in the thermochemical bonding are active so as to soften the yarn and to render the same stickable at the elevated temperatures employed.
  • the solvents can be composed of an active substance normally solid at room temperature but readily dissolvable in a relatively inert volatile diluent to form a single phase liquid. When the yarn carrying the solvent is heated, the diluent flashes therefrom and the action of the active substance is dissipated. Specific solvents will be selected with regard to the type of yarns being procesed.
  • solutions of multi-hydroxybenzenes have been found to be effective evanescent solvents.
  • Dihydroxybenzene compounds which can be employed as the active substance in the solvents include resorcinol hydroquinone, and pyrocatechol.
  • a trihydroxybenzene, for example, is pyrogallol.
  • the multi-hydroxybenzenes are not limited to the foregoing specific compounds since derivatives thereof can also be used to effect cohesion and the stabilization of the yarn.
  • the preferred procedure is to dissolve the compounds in a suitable inert diluent.
  • Dihydroxybenzenes and trihydroxybenzenes are readily soluble in water, common alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.) and common ethers (dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, etc.). It has been found that a preferred procedure involves dissolving a predetermined amount of the benzene compound in water or methanol. An aqueous or methanolic solution containing about 5-80 percent dihydroxybenzene or trihydroxybenzene on a weight basis gives good results. The preferred concentration is -40 weight percent. The concentration of the active substance in the evanescent solvent will depend on many factors, such as the characteristics of the particular substance employed, the amount of liquid placed on the nylon yarn, the polymeric structure of the yarns, etc.
  • chloral hydrate is also readily soluble in water, common alcohols (methanol, ethanol, etc.) and common ethers (dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, etc.).
  • a preferred procedure involves dissolving a predetermined amount of chloral hydrate in water or methanol.
  • An aqueous or methanolic solution containing about 25-90 weight percent chloral hydrate gives good results.
  • the preferred concentration of chloral hydrate in solution is -85 weight percent.
  • aliphatic cyclic carbonates are effective evanescent solvents. These carbonates can be selected from the group of the cyclic carbonates of 1,2-; 2.3-; and 1,3-dihydric aliphatic alcohols. Such aliphatic cyclic carbonates include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, trimethylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene I carbonate, 1,3-butylene carbonate, 2,3- butylene carbonate, isobutylene carbonate and mixtures thereof. Especially useful of the foregoing group is ethylene carbonate. An aqueous solution containing about 5-80 percent aliphatic cyclic carbonate on a weight basis gives good results. The preferred cncentration of aliphatic cyclic carbonate is 40-60 weight percent.
  • the solvent is applied from the applicator prior to the contact with the textured yarn.
  • the core yarn with the solvent applied then passes to the splitter pin 10 below which it is combined with the textured yarn in a manner disclosed below.
  • the solvent can be applied to the yarns below the zone of contact and while they are false twisted together.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention utilizing two ends of yarn serving as the textured or crinkled yarn sheath. It is, however, to be understood that only one yarn end may be employed or several ends may be utilized. The desired characteristics of the final product yarn will govern the choice of the number of ends of yarn employed as the textured yarn, as well as the denier of the yarn employed. It is to be noted here that the material employed as the textured yarn supply may be the same or different from that yarn employed in the core and it may be the same or different denier and/ or denier per filament as the yarn employed as the core material.
  • the amount of textured yarn employed be sufficient to make up about 50-75% of the total denier of the ultimately produced product. It is also preferred that in order to obtain the optimum operating conditions in processing, the core yarn and the textured yarn possess about the same denier per filament. This results in a more balanced yarn product and more favorable operating conditions during the processing to produce the ultimately desired novel yarn. As indicated, the desired hand of the final product will govern to a great extent the amounts and the denier per filament of the textured yarn source. Generally, as one increases the percent of the textured yarn in the product, the hand of the final product will be softer. Also the finer the individual filaments of the textured yarn the softer will be the hand. By varying the denier per filament of the textured yarn source, it is possible to control the appearance of the ultimately produced yarn and the nature of the fabrics produced therefrom. These fabrics can be varied from cotton-like to woolen-like materials.
  • the yarns 12 are forwarded through a guide 13 to snub pin 14. After one or more wraps are taken about snub pin 14, the yarns are forwarded to feed roll 15 and its associateed separator roll 16 where a sufiicient number of wraps are made in order to minimize slippage.
  • the yarns 12 are then forwarded to a texturing zone.
  • the texturing operation employed can be any of those texturing means commonly employed with thermoplastic synthetic fiber materials. There may be mentioned in this regard a stulfer box, a knife edge, etc., as well as a false twist texturing means.
  • a particularly suitable texturing operation is the gear crimping operation illustrated in FIGURE 1.
  • the yarns 12 are forwarded to a positively heated draw pin 17 where they are passed a suflicient number of wraps in order to heat the yarns.
  • the yarns are then forwarded between the cooled gears 18 traveling at a speed in excess of the speed of the forwarding roll 15.
  • the yarns are thus drawn between the pin 17 and the gears.
  • the filaments are deformed and the deformation is set in order to provide r the necessary texturing.
  • the gears 18 may be positively cooled, but such positive cooling is not necessary to obtain a desired texturing at low speeds.
  • multiple passes through the gears 18 may be made in order to increase the degree of texturing achieved.
  • Such texturing operation per se is known in the art, and in this respect attention is directed to US. Patent 3,027,516.
  • the textured yarn is fed from the texturing zone to a point below the splitter pin where it is combined with the core yarn 1.
  • the core yarn has been treated in a manner to admit bonding to the textured yarn by the bonding applicator 9. As previously indicated the bonding treatment can be effected subsequent to the combining of the core and textured yarns if desired.
  • the textured yarn is fed to the zone of contact with the core yarn under a tension which is less than the tension on the core yarn.
  • the tension on the core will of course be that required for the drawing of the particular material of the core.
  • the textured yarn is overfed to the zone of contact with the core yarn.
  • overfeeding the textured yarn it is meant that the length of the textured yarn (when considered in a straightened condition) which is fed into contact with the core yarn in a given amount of time is greater than the length of core yarn fed to the contact in the same amount of time.
  • the amount of overfeed is controlled by adjusting the speed of the textured yarn feeding means with respect to the speed of the yarn forwarding means below the zone of contact between the textured and core yarns.
  • the amount of overfeed of the textured yarn may conveniently be determined by relating the total denier of the final product singles yarn to deniers of the core and textured yarns respectively which make up that product.
  • a given final product yarn will have a specific total denier T A portion of this total denier will be due to the denier of the core. Since the core is untextured and the nature of the starting materials and draw ratios will be known, the portion of the total denier which the core makes up will be a known value C
  • the denier of the textured sheath yarn contained in the final product may then be calculated:
  • the difference between the total denier of the textured sheath yarn, S and the denier of the drawn but untextured sheath yarn, U may then be determined, i.e., S U
  • S U The difference between the actual total denier of the sheath in the final product and the denier of the drawn but untextured sheath yarn when divided by the value of the denier for the drawn but untextured yarn and multiplied by 100 will give the value for the percent overfeed.
  • overfeed X 100 8 to about 40%.
  • a preferred range of overfeed with this type of texturing is about to about overfeed. When the overfeed is below about 8%, insufficient loftiness of the final product is obtained. At an overfeed of above about with the gear crimped yarn, processing difficulties are encountered; and taking up the overfeed in order to form a satisfactory coherent final product becomes difficult. When employing a false twist textured yarn as the sheath an overfeed of as much as up to about 100% can be employed to yield an acceptable product.
  • the core and textured yarns are false twisted by false twist imparting means 19.
  • Any false twist mechanism capable of imparting'a false twist of from about 5 to about turns per inch in the yarn is satisfactory.
  • the friction type false twister as well as the positive spindle type.
  • a preferred false twist device is disclosed in US. application S.N. 399,742, filed Sept. 28, 1964, and comprises interleaved spaced discs rotated in the same direction. The yarn is twisted with such device by engaging the peripheral edges of the interleaved discs.
  • the false twist imparted to the yarn backs up beyond the heated block 20 to the splitter pin 10.
  • intimate contact is provided between the textured yarn and the straight core. While in intimate contact, the bonding between the sheath and core yarns is perfected.
  • a bonding composition is employed which is a solvent for the core yarn. As the yarns progress through the heater block 20, the solvent flashes off; and the bond between textured yarn and the core yarn is completed.
  • the amount of twist as previously indicated, will vary in an amount of from about 5 to about 75 turns per inch. The degree of imparted twist will affect the loftiness of the yarn product.
  • the twist must be a sufficient amount to obtain a unitary final product. That is to say, the final product must be one in which the core and the textured yarn form a singles yarn which does not separate when processed into fabrics.
  • the amount of twist imparted by the false twist means will control the amount of the overfeed of the textured yarn.
  • the overfeed of the textured yarn to the core is excessive for the particular type of textured yarn employed, if is necessary in order to take up this degree of overfeed, to apply such a great amount of twist that a substantial risk is taken that the core will be broken. In practice, therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimum conditions depending upon the particular types of yarn employed and the particular type of product desired.
  • the core yarn is drawn for orientation between snubbing pin 7 and draw and take-off rolls 21 with its associated separator roll 22.
  • the draw ratio employed for the core yarn will vary with the material employed. The degree of draw will affect the stability provided the product by the core yarn. In general with nylon material the draw ratio may be said to be from about 2 to about 4. This draw ratio will likewise be determined in those cases where the drawing is accomplished as a separate step prior to combining the core and sheath yarns.
  • the instant invention it is possible to reduce the amount of drawing of the core yarn accomplished due to the difference in forwarding speed of the yarn between feed roll 5 and draw and take-off roll 21 to a value lower than that indicated above.
  • the false twisting operation is then permitted to accomplish a portion of the drawing.
  • the false twisting of the core will produce a shortening of the yarn length between the false twist spindle and the snubbing pin 7 thus accomplishing a portion of the drawing of the core yarn.
  • This has a disadvantage in that it is difiicult to control the specific amount of drawing accomplished by the false twist mechanism and a tendency is encountered to impart uneven dyeing properties to the core as a result of an uneven drawing. Also there is a tendency where this degree of false twist is employed to impart a texturing to the core which reduces the longitudinal stability of the ultimately produced yarn product.
  • the false twist imparted to the yarn is released so that the product emitted from the false twist spindle is a zero twist singles yarn.
  • the product is forwarded from the false twister to the draw and take-off roll 21 with its associated separator roll 22 where a sufiicient number of wraps are provided in order to prevent slippage.
  • the draw and take-off roll is operated at a speed in excess of the speed of the feed roll to produce the previously referred to drawing of the core yarn in the desired amount. In those embodiments where the drawing of the core yarn is accomplished as a separate step, it will be apparent that roll 21 will serve as a forwarding roll and will provide the proper tension and yarn speeds during processing.
  • the final yarn product is forwarded to the take-up means 23.
  • a cone type take-up is illustrated; however, any type of take-up may be employed, preferably a cheese or cone type without imparting twist to the strand since the take-up of the yarn can be accomplished faster and thus more economically.
  • the final product yarn is sufficiently lofty in order to prevent any problem of crushing the cheese or cone core even if a shrinkage of the yarn occurs.
  • a relaxation stage is inserted in the processing procedure between the point at which the yarn leaves draw roll 21 and the point at which it is taken up on a take-up means 23. Any type of relaxation step known in the art may be employed. As for example, a plural stage heating and relaxing procedure such as is employed in the relaxation of nylon-66 yarns can be used.
  • the yarn produced as the final product in the described process is thus composed entirely of continuous filaments. It is a singles yarn of little or no twist and one which possesses a high degree of bulk and yet retains the longitudinal stability necessary in producing stable fabrics.
  • the yarn is characterized by having .an internal integral core of a substantially untextured filamentary material which is surrounded by and has bonded thereto a sheath of textured filamentary materials.
  • substantially untextured is meant that the core is not sufiiciently deformed so that it fails to provide longitudinal stability to the product thus permitting the application of relatively low tensions to pull out a large amount of the bulkiness of the product yarn.
  • FIGURE 2 A section of the yarn of the present invention is represented by FIGURE 2.
  • the textured yarn 31 forms a sheath which is bonded to and surrounds the core 32.
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross-sectional view of the yarn of FIG- URE 2 taken along the longitudinal axis. This view illustrates the internal integral core 32 surrounded by the textured yarn sheath 31 which is bonded to the core.
  • Example 1 Employing an apparatus substantially as shown in FIG- URE 1, and in the manner described in the instant specification composite, .a core and textured singles yarn product was produced.
  • the yarn serving as the core was one end of nylon-66 yarn having an undrawn denier of 700 and 68 filaments.
  • the textured yarn was made up of two ends of nylon-66 yarn also having an undrawn denier of 700 and 68 filaments.
  • the solvent applicator was supplied with chloral hydrate dissolved in methanol.
  • the weight percent of chloral hydrate in solution was 80.
  • a hot draw pin was used for the making of the textured yarn and was maintained at a temperature of 210 C.
  • the textured yarn made from the two ends was fed from the texturing gears to the zone of contact with the untextured core yarn at an overfeed of 18.8% with respect to the speed of the core yarn.
  • a false twister as disclosed in S.N. 399,742 mentioned supra was employed and run at a speed of 5100 revolutions per minute (r.p.m.), imparting a twist in the composite strand of t.p.i.
  • the temperature of the heater block was maintained at 245 C.
  • the product yarn was taken up at a speed of 300 yards per minute at a wind-up tension of to grams as a cheese package.
  • the product yarn was a composite singles yarn of substantially no twist having an internal integral core surrounded by and having bonded to it a sheath of textured yarn.
  • the yarn demonstrated good longitudinal stability and retains its bulkiness when subjected to high longitudinally applied tension.
  • the final product denier was 650.
  • the yarn had a boiling water shrinkage of 7.3% and an elongation at break of 20.7%.
  • the yarn was employed in the production of various types of fabrics requiring a textured yarn of good dimensional stability in the manner described in subsequent examples herein.
  • Example 11 The procedure of the above was repeated except an aqueous solution containing 50 weight percent resorcinol was used instead of chloral hydrate.
  • the nylon-66 untextured yarn picks up about 1 weight percent of the solution.
  • the textured continuous filament sheath cohered satisfactorily to the core of the continuous filament yarn so that it could be used as filling in the weaving of taffeta yarn without being twisted.
  • the load bearing core and the bulk-imparting sheath of the composite product caused it to be similar to cotton yarn both in appearance and tactile qualities, as well as'in process handling.
  • a methanolic solution of 65.5 weight percent resorcinol; an an ethanolic solution of 29.9 weight percent hydroquinone; a methanolic solution of 26.4 weight percent hydroquinone; saturated aqueous solution of resorcinol; saturated methanolic solution of pyrogallol, and the like are employed in the production of the untwisted dimensionally stable bulky yarn herein.
  • the yarn is composed of a straight load-bearing continuous filament core and a crimpy bulk-imparting sheath of continuous filaments.
  • Other nylons such as nylon-6 can be treated with like results.
  • acrylic filament yarn can be processed with the application of an .aqueous solution of ethylene carbonate or the like.
  • Example 111 The procedure of Example I was repeated except the twist imparted by the false twist device to the yarn was increased to turns per inch. The yarn exhibited less bulk but had increased longitudinal dimensional stability.
  • Example IV The procedure of Example I was repeated except that only one end of textured yarn was employed. The yarn showed less bulk. However, the yarn could be converted into woven fabric having a cotton-like appearance and hand.
  • Example V The procedure of Example I was repeated except that the core yarn was made from polyethylene terephthalate polymer. The yarn could be converted into woven fabric having a cotton-like appearance and hand.
  • Example VI A high-sley faille taffeta fabric was woven on a Draper loom using 96 ends/inch of standard 70-34 nylon-66 in the warp with 50 picks/inch of filling comprised of 290 denier-1'02 filaments nylon-66 yarn of the invention.
  • the finished fabric had a smooth soft hand and a fiat sheet that made it particularly suitable for outerwear garments such as jackets and raincoats.
  • Example VIII Three ends of 290 denier-102 nylon-66 filament highbulk low-stretch yarn of the invention were plied to form a single end of 870 denier yarn.
  • This yarn was skein-dyed conventionally and was used to produce a single-knit, bulky knit sweater fabric on a Universal V bed flat knitting machine. Knitting efficiency of this yarn proved to be significantly superior to that of standard spun staple yarns.
  • the fabric had a very bulky texture and soft, warm hand similar to wool. Sweaters made of this fabric had a luxurious appearance and were reported to be very comfortable to the wearer.
  • Example IX A birdseye Weave crepe fabric was woven on a Draper loom with 100 ends/inch warp and 66 picks/inch of filling. Both the warp and filling yarn were comprised of 115 denier-62 filament nylon 66 yarn of the invention that was made by combining two ends of textured 30-26 nylon with one' end of untextured 30-10 nylon yarn. The fabric had a characteristic bulkiness and soft hand that made it suitable for diapers and other skin-contacting applications, as Well as for outerwear apparel.
  • Example XI Fabric of plain basket weave construction was woven on a Crompton & Knowles S6 loom.
  • the acrylic Warp was comprised of 12 ones, single ply, of a 50:50 mixture of denier and 8 denier Acrilan acrylic fibers of 2 /2 staple length, and 13 t.p.i., of Z twist. Filling was 290 denier-102 nylon-66 filament high-bulk low-stretch yarn of the invention. There were 56 ends/inch in the warp and 56 picks/inch in the filling. Dyed charcoal grey, the finished fabric had excellent body and soft handle making it highly attractive for use in trousers and mens and womens suitings, as well as in winter sport shirts.
  • Example XII The same yarns and loom referred to in Example XI were again used with 56 ends and 56 picks but in a 2/2 twill fabric construction. This finished fabric had a more dense bulkiness and a mildly harsh handle or hard finish, making it especially suitable for trousers and womens skirts.
  • Example XIII A 199 denier-51 filament yarn was made according to the invention by combining two ends of textured 17 nylon-66 with one end of untextured -17 nylon-66 yarn. This bulky dimensional-stable yarn was used to produce a lightweight, double-knit fabric on a Bentley, 18 cut, double-knit, circular knitting machine. The finished fabric was highly opaque and had a mildly dry hand. It was judged to be well suited to such diverse applications as dresses, bathing suits, slacks, and womens coat-suits.
  • Example XIV A warp yarn was formed by plying two ends of regular -13 Superloft false twist textured nylon yarn; 132 ends/inch of this yarn was used with 64 picks/inch of a filling yarn comprised of 290 denier-102 filament nylon-66 yarn of the invention. These yarns were used in a Tricotine construction woven on a Crompton & Knowles W-3 broad loom. Dyed dark brown, this fabric had a pleasant dry hand, high opacity, bulky body, practically no stretch in the filling direction but excellent stretch and recovery in the warp direction. Made up in stretch pants this fabric was observed to show excellent drape and hugging to the contours of the wearer (but without the uncomfortable clinging sometimes noted with stretch fabrics).
  • Example XV Drawn nylon-66 continuous filament yarn having a total denier of 70 and 34 individual filaments was textured by passing it through a conventional commercial stuffer box crimper. This yarn was fed across the heater to the false twist device of the apparatus herein described. Just prior to contacting the textured yarn, a drawn 70/34 nylon-66 untextured yarn was coated with the chloral hydrate so lution of Example I. The contacting ends were falsetwisted 35 t.p.i. The yarn was taken up on a coner. The yarn could be converted into woven fabric having a cotton-like appearance and hand.
  • Yarns of the invention are high-1y versatile in end usage and can be woven on any of the conventional textile looms or be knitted on any type of conventional knitting machines for use in sweaters, skirts, dresses, blouses, rainwear, and other outerwear garments, sheets etc.
  • yarns of the invention are useful for ski pants and sportswear, suitings, etc.
  • the yarns may be applied to most end uses in which the more desirable inherent properties of regular nylon are required but without the harsh hand characteristic of regular nylon.
  • Fabrics made from yarns herein are more resistant to mussing, that is, garments therefrom worn by a consumer after being in a sitting position for an extended time will show less crumple or rufile. Moreover, any unussing will disappear more rapidly upon the wearer r1s1ng.
  • a synthetic continuous filament composite singles yarn having one internal integral substantially uncrimped load-bearing central core composed of at least one synthetic continuous filament, said core being substantially completely surrounded by and having bonded thereto a bulk-imparting continuous sheath made up of a plurality of textured synthetic continuous filaments.
  • a singles yarn of claim 1 composed entirely of polyhexamethylene adipamide.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US553890A 1966-05-31 1966-05-31 High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn Expired - Lifetime US3401516A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US553890A US3401516A (en) 1966-05-31 1966-05-31 High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn
GB23968/67A GB1184702A (en) 1966-05-31 1967-05-23 Novel High Bulk Continuous Filament Low Stretch Yarn
IL28072A IL28072A (en) 1966-05-31 1967-05-29 High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn
CH757567D CH757567A4 (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-30
NL6707471A NL6707471A (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-30
CH757567A CH503132A (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-30 Verfahren zur Herstellung von zusammengesetztem, bauschigem Einfachgarn aus synthetischen Endlosfilamenten
LU53784D LU53784A1 (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-31
DE19671660492 DE1660492A1 (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-31 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines synthetischen,aus einer Mehrzahl von endlosen Faeden zusammengesetzten Garnes
FR108544A FR1524895A (fr) 1966-05-31 1967-05-31 Nouveau fil textile de filaments synthétiques continus, procédé de préparation d'un tel fil et appareil pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
BE699285D BE699285A (de) 1966-05-31 1967-05-31
US694896A US3447296A (en) 1966-05-31 1968-01-02 Method and apparatus for producting a novel high bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US553890A US3401516A (en) 1966-05-31 1966-05-31 High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn

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US3401516A true US3401516A (en) 1968-09-17

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US553890A Expired - Lifetime US3401516A (en) 1966-05-31 1966-05-31 High bulk continuous filament low stretch yarn

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US (1) US3401516A (de)
BE (1) BE699285A (de)
CH (2) CH503132A (de)
DE (1) DE1660492A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1184702A (de)
IL (1) IL28072A (de)
LU (1) LU53784A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6707471A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495393A (en) * 1967-03-08 1970-02-17 Teijin Ltd Non- or low-stretch composite yarn of super high bulk
US3577873A (en) * 1968-03-27 1971-05-11 Ici Ltd Novel core yarns and methods for their manufacture
US3768245A (en) * 1969-11-21 1973-10-30 Courtaulds Ltd Crimping slub filaments of thermoplastic polymers
US3952496A (en) * 1969-02-19 1976-04-27 Akzona Incorporated Composite thread
US4219997A (en) * 1978-08-17 1980-09-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Spun-like continuous multifilament yarn
US4559772A (en) * 1982-02-13 1985-12-24 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft False twist texturized yarn, and a process for its preparation
US5237808A (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-08-24 Unifi, Inc. Method of manufacturing a composite yarn
US20070062597A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-22 Richard Stewart Woven texturized filament bed blanket
CN101984163A (zh) * 2010-11-16 2011-03-09 浙江越剑机械制造有限公司 一种加弹氨纶一体机

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB474413A (en) * 1936-11-26 1937-11-01 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of composite yarns
US2369395A (en) * 1942-01-21 1945-02-13 American Viscose Corp Yarnlike structure
US3061998A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-06 Bloch Godfrey Bulked continuous filament yarns
CA658105A (en) * 1963-02-19 Garner Harold Method of blending or combining highly crimped fibers with fibers having lesser or no crimp
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3137991A (en) * 1962-08-14 1964-06-23 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Manufacture of bulked yarns
US3208125A (en) * 1963-07-17 1965-09-28 Bancroft & Sons Co J Apparatus for making bulked yarn
US3222859A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-12-14 Rhodiaceta Crimping of yarns based on thermoplastic polymers

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA658105A (en) * 1963-02-19 Garner Harold Method of blending or combining highly crimped fibers with fibers having lesser or no crimp
GB474413A (en) * 1936-11-26 1937-11-01 Angus Smith Bell Improvements in or relating to the production of composite yarns
US2369395A (en) * 1942-01-21 1945-02-13 American Viscose Corp Yarnlike structure
US3111805A (en) * 1959-01-28 1963-11-26 Du Pont Randomly looped filamentary blend
US3061998A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-06 Bloch Godfrey Bulked continuous filament yarns
US3222859A (en) * 1960-04-27 1965-12-14 Rhodiaceta Crimping of yarns based on thermoplastic polymers
US3137991A (en) * 1962-08-14 1964-06-23 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Manufacture of bulked yarns
US3208125A (en) * 1963-07-17 1965-09-28 Bancroft & Sons Co J Apparatus for making bulked yarn

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495393A (en) * 1967-03-08 1970-02-17 Teijin Ltd Non- or low-stretch composite yarn of super high bulk
US3577873A (en) * 1968-03-27 1971-05-11 Ici Ltd Novel core yarns and methods for their manufacture
US3952496A (en) * 1969-02-19 1976-04-27 Akzona Incorporated Composite thread
US3768245A (en) * 1969-11-21 1973-10-30 Courtaulds Ltd Crimping slub filaments of thermoplastic polymers
US4219997A (en) * 1978-08-17 1980-09-02 Phillips Petroleum Company Spun-like continuous multifilament yarn
US4559772A (en) * 1982-02-13 1985-12-24 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft False twist texturized yarn, and a process for its preparation
US5237808A (en) * 1991-12-18 1993-08-24 Unifi, Inc. Method of manufacturing a composite yarn
US20070062597A1 (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-22 Richard Stewart Woven texturized filament bed blanket
CN101984163A (zh) * 2010-11-16 2011-03-09 浙江越剑机械制造有限公司 一种加弹氨纶一体机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL28072A (en) 1970-12-24
CH503132A (de) 1970-10-30
BE699285A (de) 1967-11-30
CH757567A4 (de) 1970-10-30
LU53784A1 (de) 1968-03-06
GB1184702A (en) 1970-03-18
NL6707471A (de) 1967-12-01
DE1660492A1 (de) 1971-08-12

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