US3400009A - Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse Download PDF

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Publication number
US3400009A
US3400009A US429718A US42971865A US3400009A US 3400009 A US3400009 A US 3400009A US 429718 A US429718 A US 429718A US 42971865 A US42971865 A US 42971865A US 3400009 A US3400009 A US 3400009A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lining
coil
container
closures
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US429718A
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English (en)
Inventor
John R Mcdermott
David O White
Aurel W Bourque
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WR Grace and Co
Original Assignee
WR Grace and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WR Grace and Co filed Critical WR Grace and Co
Priority to US429718A priority Critical patent/US3400009A/en
Priority to SE1003/66A priority patent/SE300303B/xx
Priority to DE19661527972 priority patent/DE1527972A1/de
Priority to BE675837D priority patent/BE675837A/xx
Priority to NL6601225A priority patent/NL6601225A/xx
Priority to GB4467/66A priority patent/GB1087588A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3400009A publication Critical patent/US3400009A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/44—Making closures, e.g. caps
    • B21D51/46—Placing sealings or sealing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2258/00—Small objects (e.g. screws)
    • B05D2258/02—The objects being coated one after the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A container closure lining machine having an induction heating coil surrounding the infeed stack of closures.
  • the coil is maintained sufliciently above the work surface of the machine to prevent significant loss of energy into the work surface, and also to give time for rim temperature equalization to take place, as the closures drop through the distance between the coil and the sequential feeding means, thereby avoiding pits in the lining. Also, the process including the above steps.
  • This invention relates to the application of container sealing compositions to container closures, and particularly to a method of application which eliminates the conventional drying step in ovens which previous practice has required.
  • the gasket which is interposed in the area between the closure and its associated container is known as the lining.
  • Mcst linings are formed by flowing a liquid composition, usually a water or a solvent dispersion of an elastomer, together with suspended, inert solids onto the sealing area of the closure. This operation, also is known as lining.
  • Compositions from which the linings are formed are known as lining compounds.”
  • Can ends are lined by forcing a liquid lining composition through a nozzle and into the channel, a gutter which is formed adjacent the periphery of the can end.
  • Reciprocating container closure lining machines include a-reciprocating knife which engages one closure from the bottom of a stack of closures and transports it to a rotating chuck where the peripheral strip of sealing c0mpound is applied to the closure by flowing a pressurized liquid composition through a nozzle which opens and closes in timedrelation to the movement of the closure through the machine.
  • a-reciprocating knife which engages one closure from the bottom of a stack of closures and transports it to a rotating chuck where the peripheral strip of sealing c0mpound is applied to the closure by flowing a pressurized liquid composition through a nozzle which opens and closes in timedrelation to the movement of the closure through the machine.
  • closures In rotary machines, the closures are moved by a dial beneath nozzles which themselves rotate. But whatever the type of closure lining machine, they possess a common feature. Closures, channel side up, are stripped from a feed stack and move to the lining station.
  • Container lining compounds commonly are water or solvent dispersions of various elastomeric substances in which a substantial proportion of solid, inert material is also suspended.
  • the total solids in such a composition commonly run from approximately 35 to approximately 50% of the total weight.
  • the remainder, a suspending fluid is either water or an organic solvent, which, subsequent to lining, must be removed by evaporation in order to consolidate the solids of the lining composition into a solid sealing mass. Therefore, following lining, the lined closures in stacks pass through drying ovens where the evaporation of the suspending liquid takes place. For thorough drying, a substantial residence time is essential. Necessarily, the ovens are bulky, and particularly if solvent-based compounds are used must be provided with a variety of antiexplosion safeguards.
  • closures which may be so thoroughly dried that the retained fluid, five minutes after lining, will average about 2 /2% or less by Weight. Since operative parts are more open to view, the closure heating means which we employ will be shown applied to a reciprocating type closure lining machine.
  • the speed of heating bears a direct relation to the frequency.
  • the frequency at which the coil is energized is to a certain extent optional.
  • frequencies ranging between 60 cycles and I0 megacycles are suitable for obtaining the benefits of the present invention. In this regard, it should be noted that the higher the frequency, the less penetration into the metal.
  • coil efliciency i.e., the transfer of energy to the can ends at a frequency of 60 cycles
  • the overall efficiency, when the coil is energized at 60 cycles compares favorably with the total energy demanded by high frequency equipment. In the latter case, the major part of the energy loss occurs not in transfer between coil and end, but in the oscillator. Almost equally effective results may be obtained by energizing a coil containing approximately turns, with 60 cycle energy as is obtained by energizing a 12-turn coil at 450,000 cycles.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container closure lining setup energized at 450,000 cycles
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective side-view of a lining machine and the heating coil.
  • a conventional lining machine, 10 is provided with an infeed stacking rack, 11, formed of four insulating (fiber glass) rods, 12-12.
  • Heating coil, 13, surrounds the rods, 12, which project upwardly from the normal infeed base or hopper, 15.
  • the coil, 13, may consist of 12 turns of A" outside diameter copper tubing, 4%" in diameter.
  • the individual turns of the coil, 13, are spaced apart sufficiently to produce a coil length of from 6 to 10'.
  • Coil, 13, is connected through the leads, 16 and 17, to the output of an inductive heating equipment. Leads, 16 and 17, not only conduct the electrical energy to the coil, but also carry cooling water which is circulated through the coiled tube, 13.
  • the lowermost turn of coil, 13, is positioned a few inches above the working surface of the machine. This distance will be variable because of differences in the structure of different lining machines, but the coil always should be maintained sufliciently above the metallic working surface to prevent substantial loss of energy.
  • the residence time which the ends experience after they drop below the end of coil, 13, and before they arrive at the lining station has an important effect. It allows time for the high rim temperatures to be dissipated by heat flow from the rim toward the center of the can end.
  • the output energy in the coil at the frequency employed should be adjusted so that the periphery of the closure, at the moment of lining, is at a temperature developing sensible heat which is sufficient to evaporate the suspending fluid in the can sealing composition but not sufllciently high to cause disruptive ebullition of the compostion. Considerable bubbling and pitting of the lining will occur if the temperature of the closure in the area on which the lining is applied is too high.
  • the temperature will vary according to the actual operating conditions employed, e.g., the mass of the end, the rate of travel of the end, the amount of composition applied and the like. In general, however, it is preferred that the temperature of the periphery of the closure, at the moment of lining, is between plus or minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit of the boiling point of the suspending fluid of the sealing composition and more especially, between plus or minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit of the boiling point of the suspending fluid.
  • EXAMPLE I The infeed stacking rack of a Dewey and Almy #19 lining machine was modified by replacing the steel stackholding rods with rods made of fiber glass. These were "air'movenient to remove the vapor; It is the usual exsurrounded by a copp'er coil 4%" in diameter made of A outside diameter copper tubing. The coil was supported approximately 5" above the infeed hopper of the lining machine.
  • a commercial can sealing composition based primarily on styrene-butadiene rubber and containing 254 parts of volatiles in 508 total parts by weight, was fed onto the can ends at a speed of 317 lined ends per minute.
  • the weight of each lining applied to the can end was suflicient to yield a dry film weight of about 75 milligrams.
  • the coil was connected to a Lepel high frequency laboratory inductive heater and operated at power levels in the coil from 2.5 to 2.6 kw. at 450,000 cycles.
  • Temperatures on the can ends were determined by painting strips of Tempilac (a temperature-indicating lacquer) on the various ends to determine the maximum temperatures reached by concentric zones of the end. At the energy input given, the following temperature profile was recorded:
  • The'temperatures at the periphery of the ends as measured by a surface pyrometer had dropped to 180-185 F., within 2 to 3 seconds after the compound was applied to the ends.
  • the temperature at the periphery of the ends as measured by a surface pyrometer was about F. within 2 to 3 seconds after contact of the compound with the ends. Lined ends leaving the machine were tested for retained fluid. Analysis showed the retained moisture to average 1 /2%.
  • EXAMPLE II A coil of 4%" diameter having 100 turns was substituted for the high frequency coil used in Example I.
  • the 100-turn coil was energized at 40 volts and 200 amperes by a regular 220 volt primary alternating current 60-cycle transformer.
  • the temperature profile determined as given in Example I showed a 225 F. lacquer melted for a distance of in from the periphery.
  • the temperature dropped to about 185 F. within 2 to 3seconds after the compound was applied.
  • the resulting lined ends showed the same percentage of retained fluid as in Example I.
  • the machine, 10 receives ends from a press and curler, P, over a transport belt, B. These unlined ends continuously replenish the ends in the infeed stack, 11, which is surrounded by the coil, 13. Ends are stripped from the bottom of the stack, 11, by the slide, 18, and are placed 'on the rotating chuck (not shown because it lies directly beneath an end, 19). Compound is applied to the rotating end through the nozzle, 21. (For clarity in illustration, the conduits which supply lining compound to the nozzle are not shown.) As the ends leave the chuck to be pushed beneath the stack of ends in theoutfeed stack, 22, they are met by a blast of hot air projected on the ends from the blower, 23.
  • Thehot air carries the vapor away from the end and prevents recondensation in the outfeed stack, 22. If the equipment is provided with a magnetic upstacker, 24, part of the blast may be directed on the ends which fan out as they are individually picked up by the magnetic rolls, 25.
  • the high frequency generator, 26 (or commercial frequency transformer), is connected to the coil, 13, by the flexible leads, -16 and 17.
  • Use of the hot air blower, 23, although recommended, is optional, for some machines, particularly those of the rotary type, produce enough perience that ends, by the time they have reached the outfeed stack, 22, are sufliciently dry.
  • the system achieves substantial savings in floor space requirements, in over-all energy demand, and in labor, when compared to oven drying.
  • the term commercial frequencies is intended to mean alternating current frequencies, usually 50 or 60 cycles, at which electrical energy is supplied by power companies.
  • a container closure lining machine wherein means are provided to feed closures across a work surface from an infeed stack to lining and outfeed stations, said machine including a plurality of rods extending vertically upwards from said work surface and forming a support for said infeed stack, the improvement wherein said rods are made of electrically insulating material, a multiturn coil surrounds and is supported by said rods a distance above said Work surface sufficient to prevent substantial loss of energy into said work surface, and means are connected to said coil to energize the coil and thereby simultaneously heat all closures encompassed within the turns of the coil, the said feed means feeding sequentially closures which have been heated by passing through said coil, whereby closures having their sealing areas at an elevated temperature suflicient to evaporate the suspending fluid of a container sealing composition are presented to the lining station.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US429718A 1965-02-02 1965-02-02 Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse Expired - Lifetime US3400009A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429718A US3400009A (en) 1965-02-02 1965-02-02 Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse
SE1003/66A SE300303B (xx) 1965-02-02 1966-01-26
DE19661527972 DE1527972A1 (de) 1965-02-02 1966-01-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von Dichtungen auf Rehaelterverschluesse
BE675837D BE675837A (xx) 1965-02-02 1966-01-31
NL6601225A NL6601225A (xx) 1965-02-02 1966-01-31
GB4467/66A GB1087588A (en) 1965-02-02 1966-02-01 Method and machine for forming linings for container closures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429718A US3400009A (en) 1965-02-02 1965-02-02 Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3400009A true US3400009A (en) 1968-09-03

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US429718A Expired - Lifetime US3400009A (en) 1965-02-02 1965-02-02 Process and apparatus for forming gaskets for container elementse

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3400009A (xx)
BE (1) BE675837A (xx)
DE (1) DE1527972A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1087588A (xx)
NL (1) NL6601225A (xx)
SE (1) SE300303B (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489875A (en) * 1966-10-27 1970-01-13 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Apparatus for induction heating of slabs
US3897576A (en) * 1970-09-21 1975-07-29 Tba Industrial Products Ltd Production of sheet material for use as gaskets
US3922391A (en) * 1970-11-20 1975-11-25 Tba Industrial Products Ltd Production of sheet material for use as gaskets
US3965321A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-06-22 Varta Batterie Aktiengesellschaft Drying of storage battery plates
FR2584506A1 (fr) * 1985-07-08 1987-01-09 Carnaud Emballage Sa Dispositif de securite pour machine d'enduction de fonds de boites a conserve, avec un magasin tubulaire
FR2584559A1 (fr) * 1985-07-08 1987-01-09 Carnaud Emballage Sa Dispositif de prechauffage de fonds de boites a conserve pour l'enduction du joint de sertissage sur le corps
US11697143B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2023-07-11 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing two tubes simultaneously and machine for use therein

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB346789A (en) * 1930-01-17 1931-04-17 John Richard Pheazey Improved method of manufacturing vulcanised rubber insulated electric conductors
FR750171A (fr) * 1932-06-06 1933-08-05 Chrysler Corp Perfectionnements aux articles recouverts de caoutchouc et aux procédés de fabricaion desdits articles
US1967031A (en) * 1930-11-22 1934-07-17 Chrysler Corp Method of coating articles
US2553590A (en) * 1947-01-07 1951-05-22 Super Seal Container Corp Placing and fixing of sealing compounds in closure caps
US2561982A (en) * 1948-12-22 1951-07-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Varnish treatment of electrical apparatus
US2589424A (en) * 1947-09-08 1952-03-18 Technical Glass Company Apparatus for baking lacquer on metal articles
US2910041A (en) * 1956-11-29 1959-10-27 Grace W R & Co Gasket applying machine
US3015303A (en) * 1959-06-01 1962-01-02 W F And John Barnes Company Apparatus for processing can ends

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB346789A (en) * 1930-01-17 1931-04-17 John Richard Pheazey Improved method of manufacturing vulcanised rubber insulated electric conductors
US1967031A (en) * 1930-11-22 1934-07-17 Chrysler Corp Method of coating articles
FR750171A (fr) * 1932-06-06 1933-08-05 Chrysler Corp Perfectionnements aux articles recouverts de caoutchouc et aux procédés de fabricaion desdits articles
US2553590A (en) * 1947-01-07 1951-05-22 Super Seal Container Corp Placing and fixing of sealing compounds in closure caps
US2589424A (en) * 1947-09-08 1952-03-18 Technical Glass Company Apparatus for baking lacquer on metal articles
US2561982A (en) * 1948-12-22 1951-07-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Varnish treatment of electrical apparatus
US2910041A (en) * 1956-11-29 1959-10-27 Grace W R & Co Gasket applying machine
US3015303A (en) * 1959-06-01 1962-01-02 W F And John Barnes Company Apparatus for processing can ends

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489875A (en) * 1966-10-27 1970-01-13 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Apparatus for induction heating of slabs
US3897576A (en) * 1970-09-21 1975-07-29 Tba Industrial Products Ltd Production of sheet material for use as gaskets
US3922391A (en) * 1970-11-20 1975-11-25 Tba Industrial Products Ltd Production of sheet material for use as gaskets
US3965321A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-06-22 Varta Batterie Aktiengesellschaft Drying of storage battery plates
FR2584506A1 (fr) * 1985-07-08 1987-01-09 Carnaud Emballage Sa Dispositif de securite pour machine d'enduction de fonds de boites a conserve, avec un magasin tubulaire
FR2584559A1 (fr) * 1985-07-08 1987-01-09 Carnaud Emballage Sa Dispositif de prechauffage de fonds de boites a conserve pour l'enduction du joint de sertissage sur le corps
US11697143B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2023-07-11 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing two tubes simultaneously and machine for use therein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE675837A (xx) 1966-06-16
NL6601225A (xx) 1966-08-03
DE1527972A1 (de) 1969-07-24
SE300303B (xx) 1968-04-22
GB1087588A (en) 1967-10-18

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