US3397544A - Mine roof support - Google Patents

Mine roof support Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3397544A
US3397544A US532762A US53276266A US3397544A US 3397544 A US3397544 A US 3397544A US 532762 A US532762 A US 532762A US 53276266 A US53276266 A US 53276266A US 3397544 A US3397544 A US 3397544A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mine roof
support
roof support
springs
props
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US532762A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Golla Franz
Watermann Willy
Weirich Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Original Assignee
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH filed Critical Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3397544A publication Critical patent/US3397544A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/08—Advancing mechanisms
    • E21D23/081—Advancing mechanisms forming parts of the roof supports
    • E21D23/082—Advancing mechanisms forming parts of the roof supports acting solely on the elements of the supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0052—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor with advancing shifting devices connected therewith
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/0418—Positioning devices and stabilizing means for the props

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention relates to paired mobile mine roof supporting units between each pair of which are positioned two superimposed hydraulic cylinders that are pivotally connected to the units to permit advance of each unit stepwise through a tunnel irrespective of the quality or slope of the terrain.
  • each frame includes two substantially upstanding props arranged one behind the other in the direction of advancement and disposed by means of ball bearings on cup-shaped prop-'supporting plates.
  • the rst-rnentioned props of a single frame are interconnected by an advancing and guiding unit disposed over the spring elements and their interconnected elements.
  • the mine roof support of this type uses two independent spring elements one of which is swivelingly jointed at its free ends to the ground-engaging cup-shaped prop-supporting plates and functions as a connecting spring for the base portion, while the other upper spring element is adjustably conjoined with the prop cylinder, normal to the direction of advance, by yoke means and thisarrangeme'n't of elements functions as a support spring.
  • the associated spring elements are arranged at converging or generally intersecting angles and are tensioned at their medial area whether spaced or not and pivotally secured to the advancing unit.
  • the connecting parts for thev aforementioned assemblage are shaft stubs which in theiroper'- ating position are firmly joined by means of a fork portion to the inner or outer guiding slot of the advancing unit through an eccentric shaft lug and a tensioning wedge.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an advancing unit for a mine roof support having two superimposed hydraulic cylinders, each of which is surrounded with guides or rectangular edges, said cylinders being arranged ⁇ to be readily removable from spaced connecting means positioned onopposite sides thereof.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide a yoke means by which the supporting springs may besecured to the spaced props in a'swiveling manner so that it may shift relative thereto.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an interconnecting means pivotally associating the superimposed cylinders with the upper support and lower connecting springs.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a mine roof support capable of transmitting forces from the loaded springs of one frame through the superimposed hydraulic cylinders to an adjacent frame.
  • the connecting pieces which interconnect the cylinders to the springs have a height dimension that corresponds to the maximum outside distance of the guides of the superimposed cylinders, whereby it is preferable, for practical reasons concerning storage and easyy exchangeability, to provide two superimposed shaft stub joints which interconnect the two separated guides of the advancing cylinders in a yoke-like manner.
  • the spring elements are preferably disposed in the connecting piece in a spaced manner.
  • a U-shaped yoke that is disposed around the prop and which is provided adjacent to a terminal tongue piece with rollers and an elastic intermediate piece.
  • the support springs carry at their end portions a pocket into which there is inserted the tongue of the yoke prior to attaching the support spring to the yoke. T hedimensions of the pockets are such that a wedge ⁇ may be adapted to tension the spring against the tongue.
  • the terminal portion of the springs may be shifted relative to the tongue.
  • the rollers which are carried on each arrn of theyoke facilitate sliding thereof on permits the mine roof support to yield and adapt itself to 1 uneven ground.
  • This known mine roof support is achieved by means of the inherent elasticity of the springs which cannot only bend but which also absorb torsional stresses transmitted thereto by the two props secured at the opposite ends thereof.
  • the forces to which this type of mine roof support may be exposed are in a certain sense limited.
  • This means 'that mine roof supports of this general type may be used for either substantially sloping tunnels of medium thickness (that is, 30 degrees slope and two meters of thickness) or slightly sloping and substantially thick tunnels (for example, live degrees slope and up to three meters thickness).
  • the walking mine roof support according to'the improvements disclosed lin this invention ensures a more positive transmission of forces of the loaded springs of one frame ltot he adjacent parallel frame or frames by means of using two superimposed hydraulic cylinders with the separate guide means being adapted to cooperate with the correspondingly dimensioned connecting pieces, such as fork pieces, with the bolts at the separated guides and at the leafl springs disposed in an opposed manner in a yoke-like shape. It is of particular significance, however, that the pre-tensioning of the support springs may be easily set due to the afore-mentioned design of the support spring joint 'as will be set forth in more detail as the specification progresses.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the walking mine roof support
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view along lines A A of FIG. l;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan View ⁇ along lines IV-IV of FIG. l;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional front elevational view of the basic form of the connecting piece and its attachment to the guides.
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically a pre-tensioned prop positioned in a sloping tunnel.
  • each frame comprises upstanding props 1 1 which are disposed within the upstanding cup-shaped plates 2 2 preferably by means of ball joints 1a 1a and carry at their upper ends cap members 3, not forming a part of this invention.
  • the aligned props of one mine roof support are interconnected by means of an upper support spring element 4 with a lower connecting spring element 5 being swivelingly attached to the cup-shaped plates 2 2.
  • the medial area of the springs 4 and 5 are held in spaced -relation by plate means 7 7 and are maintained in a substantially rigid relation by means of the transversely apertured bolt 8 through the apertures of which a Wedge piece 9a is inserted.
  • apertured plate means 10-10 are rigidly secured to the spring supporting means 7 7 and are assembled in spaced relation to each other on opposite sides thereof. Said means 10-10 have arranged adjacent to their edge portions spaced rows of apertures and slots for a purpose that will become apparent as the description progresses.
  • the superimposed advancing cylinders 12 and 13 are provided with a square cross-section which is longitudinally ribbed as at 14 in order to slidingly engage the interior of the rectangular externally-spaced guides 15 and 16.
  • the ribbed internal guide members 14 14 are provided with olstanding integral enlargements 17-17, to the free ends of each of which there are attached the forked pieces 18-18 which function as a support means for the spaced ears 19-19 (FIG. 4) and these are interconnected or immobilized by means of key pieces or wedges 20.
  • the attachment of the supporting springs to the upstanding props 1 1 is carried out by means of yokes 21 21 and include rollers 22-22 which are disposed in parallel relation on the arms of the yoke and are secured for rotation relative thereto by means of the transversely extending plates 23 and are held in contact with 21-21 by the sleeves 24.
  • the terminal ends of springs 4 4 are provided with inverted U-shaped pockets 25 to which they are securely fastened by means of pins 26 26.
  • a wedge 27 is driven laterally into the pocket.
  • the setting of the mining support may be carried out before use or, in the case of a changing slope, by removing the wedge 27 from the U-shaped pocket, as described, thus freeing the yokes 21 21 and releasing the support spring element 4 from the upstanding props 1 1.
  • the props may be now set in any desired manner, slanting or otherwise, and at such a distance that they produce the desired presetting force of the supporting springs 4 and 5.
  • the upstanding props 1 1 are then secured in their then slanted position by correspondingly shifting the pocket 25 relative to the support, as previously explained, and then the props are eventually again secured by means of the wedge 27.
  • an angle a now appears between the props and the support springs and this angle a is related to the slope angle ,8.
  • the spring elements 4 and 5 exert a resetting force thereto. Since the spring systems of both frames are coupled together according to the invention, it is possible to achieve large resetting forces.
  • the simple spring leaf, heretofore known to the prior art, would be permanently deformed and thus would not be able to take up such torques as those achieved by use of this new system.
  • the supporting springs 4 and the connecting springs 5 are arranged to be supported in spaced-apart or separated relation in a height adjusting manner so that the support springs may be exposed to excessive torques which will, however, have no effect whatsoever on the connecting spring and thus the groundengaging position of the prop plates 2 2 is not affected by the operation of the support springs 4.
  • one embodiment of the invention is particularly useful for adaptation to the mine roof support ⁇ assembly described in Weirich et al. application Ser. No. 480,440, led on Aug. 17, 1965, and this is best shown in FIG. 5.
  • this embodiment of the invention the supporting and connecting sprin-gs, as shown, are held in abutted relation by the 'apertured bolt 30 ⁇ and transverse wedge means 31.
  • This assembly can be rigidly associated with transversely extending connecting plate means 32-32, the opposed edge portions of which are welded or otherwise integrated to form a rigid assembly ⁇ with longitudinally extending elements 33 33.
  • Elements 33 33 are dove-tail slotted or keyed in such a manner (not shown) to facilitate assembly therewith 0f the superimposed cylinders 12 and 13.
  • the ideal point of attack by the forces may be set approximately in the middle of the prop.
  • the angle at is determined by the length of the support 24 and there is an ample reserve in the conditions of the ground. It is possible to counteract the changed swinging moments in case of more substantial slopes and it is also possible to adjust the mine exploitation at any time to the changed operating conditions.
  • a mobile mine roof support system comprising in combination, a plurality of unitary structures each comprising a pair of spaced, upstanding props and separate ground engaging means under each prop, power means for raising 4and lowering the said props, a plurality of vertically aligned and spacedly arranged spring means conjoining each pair of props and said ground engaging means, and transversely disposed connecting means supporting said spring means in vertically aligned, superimposed spaced relation, and at least a pair of superimposed power operated advancing means disposed normal to and intermediate of said unitary structures and connected to said transversely disposed connecting means.
  • transversely-disposed connecting means comprise plate-like members having parallel edge portions with substantially vertically aligned means secured in rigid spaced relation by horizontally disposed plate means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
US532762A 1965-03-11 1966-03-08 Mine roof support Expired - Lifetime US3397544A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH0055434 1965-03-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3397544A true US3397544A (en) 1968-08-20

Family

ID=7159032

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US532762A Expired - Lifetime US3397544A (en) 1965-03-11 1966-03-08 Mine roof support

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3397544A (de)
BE (1) BE676290A (de)
GB (1) GB1135808A (de)
NL (1) NL6602803A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651652A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-03-28 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Support assemblies for mineral mines
US4075857A (en) * 1975-10-25 1978-02-28 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield-type support assemblies for mine workings
EA031964B1 (ru) * 2017-02-03 2019-03-29 Каким Манапович Бейсембаев Секция шагающей шахтной крепи

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3295331A (en) * 1963-04-05 1967-01-03 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Movable mining support
US3328968A (en) * 1963-08-23 1967-07-04 Hoesch Bergbautechnik Gmbh Mine roof support

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3295331A (en) * 1963-04-05 1967-01-03 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Movable mining support
US3328968A (en) * 1963-08-23 1967-07-04 Hoesch Bergbautechnik Gmbh Mine roof support

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651652A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-03-28 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Support assemblies for mineral mines
US4075857A (en) * 1975-10-25 1978-02-28 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Shield-type support assemblies for mine workings
EA031964B1 (ru) * 2017-02-03 2019-03-29 Каким Манапович Бейсембаев Секция шагающей шахтной крепи

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE676290A (de) 1966-06-16
GB1135808A (en) 1968-12-04
NL6602803A (de) 1966-09-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3397544A (en) Mine roof support
KR101360935B1 (ko) 터널지지용 지보재의 신축연결장치
CN202617606U (zh) 一种开沟起垄装置
US3328968A (en) Mine roof support
CN215170078U (zh) 一种巷道的围岩强化支护结构
CN221120003U (zh) 一种梯形棚架及梯形棚
US2510593A (en) Mine timber
CN117662205A (zh) 一种软岩巷道支护装置及施工方法
CN104712354A (zh) 矿用防冲锚杆和防冲锚杆的安装方法
US3302411A (en) Walking mine roof support
CN116291620A (zh) 一种端头架放煤装置
CN109356425A (zh) 免预应力自复位耗能拉索支撑
US3932998A (en) Mine roof support
US2749713A (en) Supporting frames
US4571002A (en) Hydraulic rock splitter
CN211421093U (zh) 一种新型平板振动夯
CN209429642U (zh) 免预应力自复位耗能拉索支撑
US3367117A (en) Mine roof support
CN215860248U (zh) 一种隧道钻爆支护装置
CN201363157Y (zh) 钢筋托梁w钢护板组合护表构件
CN216077157U (zh) 煤矿回采工作面支护结构
CN221919891U (zh) 一种抗震剪力墙结构
KR101033229B1 (ko) 터널지지용 철근 격자지보
CN215715372U (zh) 一种岩土工程可调支护装置
EP0302243A1 (de) Ausbaubogen für den Tunnelbau