US3396961A - Precast taphole assembly - Google Patents

Precast taphole assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US3396961A
US3396961A US478047A US47804765A US3396961A US 3396961 A US3396961 A US 3396961A US 478047 A US478047 A US 478047A US 47804765 A US47804765 A US 47804765A US 3396961 A US3396961 A US 3396961A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
taphole
precast
refractory
pipe
lining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478047A
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English (en)
Inventor
Grant M Farrington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Refractories Co
Original Assignee
General Refractories Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Refractories Co filed Critical General Refractories Co
Priority to US478047A priority Critical patent/US3396961A/en
Priority to AT758966A priority patent/AT286334B/de
Priority to GB35331/66A priority patent/GB1100359A/en
Priority to DE19661508177 priority patent/DE1508177B1/de
Priority to ES0330063A priority patent/ES330063A1/es
Priority to BR181977/66A priority patent/BR6681977D0/pt
Priority to ES343739A priority patent/ES343739A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3396961A publication Critical patent/US3396961A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1536—Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers

Definitions

  • the invention comprises a replaceable taphole assembly for mounting in the vessel taphole opening and includes a precast refractory section adapted for mounting in closely fitting relation against the vessel metal shell, and a pipe extending through and projecting inwardly from the precast section.
  • the pipe being adapted to extend interiorly through and in spaced relation to the refractory lining to permit the placement of refractory material between the pipe, precast section and the vessel lining.
  • the present invention relates generally to taphole arrangements for carrying a flow of molten metal through the wall of a refractory-lined vessel and relates more particularly to a precast replaceable taphole assembly which is especially adapted for use in a basic oxygen furnace.
  • the present invention is directed particularly to tapholes in steel-shelled refractory-lined vessels which are tilted to tap the contained molten metal.
  • the original taphole is generally formed using one of three methods; forming the hole from arch or circle brick, using a precast block having a hole of the correct diameter, or ramming or vibrating a refractory mix around a thin-walled steel pipe.
  • the original taphole is no long-er serviceable due to erosion caused by outfiowing molten metal, only one method has proven satisfactory for renewing the taphole.
  • This method appropriately known as repiping consists of the insertion of a steel pipe into the eroded taphole from outside the vessel, the ramming or gunning of an air setting refractory material around the pipe at the outside and to position the pipe, the tilting of the vessel until the pipe is vertical, and the gunning of a refractory material around the pipe on the inside of the vessel.
  • the gunned material is dried by the heat remaining in the vessel and sets to a hard mass to form the new taphole.
  • the steel pipe melts out during tapping of the first heat.
  • this hot repiping method may be carried out quickly and provides a smooth walled and accurately dimensioned hole, the life of holes repiped in this manner is relatively short, and is only about one half the life of the original taphole. Frequent replacement of the taphole is thus required, resulting in additional downtime of the facilities plus added labor costs.
  • the difference in service life can be attributed to the difference in density of the two constructions, the brick, precast block, or rammed refractory having a substantially greater density and hence a longer life.
  • a precast taphole section of high density which is preferably cylindrical in shape and adapted for mounting within the cylindrical neck protruding from the vessel shell.
  • a concentric steel pipe extends through and inwardly of the precast section, and refractory material is gunned around the inwardly extending pipe to complete the assembly.
  • a precast replacement may then be installed in the same manner as the original taphole except that refractory material is gunned rather than rammed or vibrated around the inwardly extending portion of the pipe.
  • the high density precast portion prevents the funneling out of the outer end of the taphole and thus results in an appreciably longer taphole life.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a novel precast taphole as described which, due to the high density of the precast refractory material, results in a taphole life comparable to that of the original taphole, thus decreasing the high downtime and labor casts normally required for frequent repiping.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel precast taphole as described which is adapted for manufacture in quantity in standard diameters and lengths and which may be made from a variety of refractory mater-ials.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational View looking into the taphole of a basic oxygen furnace which is equipped with a novel precast taphole assembly in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1 showing the construction details of the precast taphole assembly
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a taphole employing the present invention as it appears in the eroded state ready for replacement;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the eroded precast section removed and a new precast section in position for insertion;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing the precast section secured in position
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing the gunned refractory material in place.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a portion of a basic oxygen furnace 16 having a steel shell 12, a refractory backup lining 14, and a refractory working lining 16. Since the inner face 18 of the lining 16 comes into direct contact with molten metal, a substantial amount of wear of the working lining occurs, and replacement of this lining is periodically necessary.
  • Extending outwardly from the vessel shell 12 is the usual cylindrical flanged steel neck 20 which forms an opening in the shell for the taphole.
  • the cylindrical inner surface 22 of the steel neck 20 is inwardly continued following a relining of the vessel by the concentric cylindrical surfaces 24 and 26 respectively of the linings 14 and 16 to form a cylindrical chamber opening into the interior of the vessel.
  • a cylindrical precast refractory section 28 of a slightly smaller diameter than the surface 22 of the neck 20 is inserted into the outer end of this chamber and extends inwardly as far as the inner lining 16.
  • the inner surface 30 and cylindrical surface 32 of the precast section 28 are coated with a refractory parting material 34 which is not affected by high temperatures.
  • the precast section includes a circumferential groove 36 into which the bolts 38 threadedly engaged in the neck 20 are seated to prevent axial movement of the precast section.
  • a concentric steel pipe 40 Cast into the precast section and extending inwardly thereof slightly beyond the inner face 18 of the inner lining is a concentric steel pipe 40.
  • An air setting refractory material 42 is rammed or vibrated in place around the pipe 40 to completely fill the space between the pipe and the cylindrical surface 26 of the lining 16.
  • the pipe 40 should extend inwardly slightly beyond the material 42 to permit the placement of the material without danger of blocking the pipe passage.
  • the material 42 is most readily placed in position when the vessel is tilted to the pouring position, at which time the pipe 40 is vertically disposed.
  • the taphole shown in FIG. 2 becomes eroded by the flow of molten metal to such a degree that replacement is necessary. As shown in FIG. 3, this erosion causes a pronounced funnelling of the inner lining 16 as shown at 46, the pipe 40 and most of the rammed or vibrated refractory material 42 having been carried away. In addition, the precast section 28 is worn down to the irregular surface 48.
  • the first step is the withdrawing of the bolts 38 to the position shown in FIG. 3 after which upon inversion of the furnace the remainder of the precast section may be knocked out.
  • the parting material 34 allows a clean release of this section from both the neck 20 and the remainder of the refractory material 42 as may be seen in FIG. 4.
  • a new precast section 28' with pipe 40 and covered with parting material 34 is inserted as shown in FIGS. 4 and and the bolts 38 are tightened to secure the unit in place.
  • refractory material 50 is gunned around the pipe 40' as shown in FIG. 6 and the heat remaining in the vessel rapidly hardens the material.
  • the original refractory material 42 was rammed or vibrated about the original pipe 40, this technique can not be employed with the hot vessel and the gunning method must be employed although the gunned refractory is less dense than the rammed or vibrated material.
  • Subsequent hot replacements of the taphole may be 4 made in the manner described and it can thus be under stood that cooling of the vessel is not necessary until replacement of the working lining is required.
  • the precast refractory section should, as illustrated, extend up to the working lining to prevent the funnelling of the backup lining. However, the precast section could be somewhat shorter or longer than that illustrated and still provide an effective taphole.
  • a ring shaped plate could be bolted to the outer face of the neck flange, engaging a portion of the outer face of the precast section and preventing outward movement thereof.
  • the inner face 30 of the precast section may be grooved or recessed in a well known manner to prevent metal penetration along this joint.
  • a vessel adapted for the containment and discharge of molten metal and having a metal shell, a
  • a replaceable taphole assembly for mounting in said taphole opening comprising a precast refractory section adapted for mounting in closely fitting relation adjacent said metal shell, a refractory parting material on the surfaces of said refractory section, and a pipe extending through and projecting inwardly from said precast section, said pipe adapted to extend interiorly through and in spaced relation to the refractory lining, said assembly being adapted for the placement of refractory material between said pipe, precast section and the vessel lining whereby said pipe forms an accurately sized taphole within said taphole opening.
  • a replaceable taphole assembly for mounting in said taphole opening comprising a cylindrical precast refractory section adapted to fit within said cylindrical neck and extend partially into the chamber in said lining, a pipe extending concentrically through said precast section and projecting inwardly thereof through the lining chamber, means on said neck for securing said precast section in place, a refractory parting material on the peripheral and inner surfaces of the precast section to facilitate the replacement thereof, said assembly being adapted for the placement of rammed, vibrated or gunned refractory material in the annular cavity of the lining chamber between the pipe, precast section and lining whereby said pipe forms an accurately sized taphole within said taphole opening.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US478047A 1965-08-09 1965-08-09 Precast taphole assembly Expired - Lifetime US3396961A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478047A US3396961A (en) 1965-08-09 1965-08-09 Precast taphole assembly
AT758966A AT286334B (de) 1965-08-09 1966-08-08 Auswechselbarer Abstich
GB35331/66A GB1100359A (en) 1965-08-09 1966-08-08 Precast taphole assembly
DE19661508177 DE1508177B1 (de) 1965-08-09 1966-08-08 Vorgefertigter Abstichblock fuer metallurgische OEfen
ES0330063A ES330063A1 (es) 1965-08-09 1966-08-09 Conjunto de ojo para colada.
BR181977/66A BR6681977D0 (pt) 1965-08-09 1966-08-09 Um conjunto sacrador premoldado
ES343739A ES343739A1 (es) 1965-08-09 1967-08-02 Mejoras introducidas en hornos de oxigeno basico.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US478047A US3396961A (en) 1965-08-09 1965-08-09 Precast taphole assembly

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3396961A true US3396961A (en) 1968-08-13

Family

ID=23898315

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478047A Expired - Lifetime US3396961A (en) 1965-08-09 1965-08-09 Precast taphole assembly

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3396961A (pt)
AT (1) AT286334B (pt)
BR (1) BR6681977D0 (pt)
DE (1) DE1508177B1 (pt)
ES (2) ES330063A1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1100359A (pt)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3589318A (en) * 1969-07-31 1971-06-29 Edwin J Szatkowski Blast furnace tuyere openings
US3801058A (en) * 1973-01-15 1974-04-02 Steel Corp Apparatus for forming a refractory nozzle body
US3833334A (en) * 1973-07-05 1974-09-03 Combustion Eng Apparatus for relining a bof vessel tap hole
US4077600A (en) * 1975-11-19 1978-03-07 Nalco Chemical Company Ingot mold base member
US4192492A (en) * 1979-03-23 1980-03-11 Dresser Industries, Inc. Device for fabrication of tapholes in metallurgical vessels
US4981628A (en) * 1988-10-11 1991-01-01 Sudamet, Ltd. Repairing refractory linings of vessels used to smelt or refine copper or nickel
US5128075A (en) * 1989-06-20 1992-07-07 Glaverbel Ceramic welding repair process
US5423519A (en) * 1994-05-26 1995-06-13 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Regenerative chamber lining and method of installation
US5482248A (en) * 1991-03-22 1996-01-09 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Mold for manufacturing metal containment vessels
US5484138A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-01-16 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Consumable form with adjustable walls
US5511762A (en) * 1991-03-22 1996-04-30 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Consumable form with degradable lining
US5632937A (en) * 1991-03-22 1997-05-27 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of installing a refractory lining
US5795508A (en) * 1991-03-22 1998-08-18 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of lining a blast furnace
US5916500A (en) * 1997-11-20 1999-06-29 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of lining a blast furnace
WO2009003430A1 (de) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Paul-Antoine Wurtz Formbauteil aus feuerfestmaterial
CN104515397A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-15 林州市林丰铝电有限责任公司 一种更换式炉眼装置及其安装方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2962119D1 (en) * 1979-03-13 1982-03-25 Creusot Loire Joining duct between the inside and the outside of a furnace
EP0032010B1 (en) * 1980-01-02 1984-10-10 F.L. Smidth & Co. A/S Rotary kiln with planetary cooler tube outlets
DE3005257A1 (de) * 1980-02-13 1981-10-01 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Brennermuffelstein
AT387039B (de) * 1981-02-05 1988-11-25 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Abstichvorrichtung fuer konverter
DE3830342A1 (de) * 1988-09-07 1990-03-15 Radex Heraklith Zweigeteilter endstein
DE3843545A1 (de) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-28 Didier Werke Ag Abstichkanal fuer metallurgische gefaesse
DE202010017441U1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2011-10-28 Zetko Maschinenbau Gmbh Konverter für Metallschmelze mit einer in einen Abstichkanal eingesetzten Hülse sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Setzen der Hülse

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US940561A (en) * 1904-05-03 1909-11-16 Electro Metallurg Co Tapping-furnace.
US1565084A (en) * 1924-10-16 1925-12-08 Henry G Frerichs Article for lining tap holes of furnaces
US1797566A (en) * 1930-01-18 1931-03-24 Herman C Brown Baked-core tap-hole plug
CA557354A (en) * 1958-05-13 T. Berge Byron Automatic tuyere punching apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2286218A (en) * 1941-06-25 1942-06-16 James L Martin Pouring spout

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA557354A (en) * 1958-05-13 T. Berge Byron Automatic tuyere punching apparatus
US940561A (en) * 1904-05-03 1909-11-16 Electro Metallurg Co Tapping-furnace.
US1565084A (en) * 1924-10-16 1925-12-08 Henry G Frerichs Article for lining tap holes of furnaces
US1797566A (en) * 1930-01-18 1931-03-24 Herman C Brown Baked-core tap-hole plug

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3589318A (en) * 1969-07-31 1971-06-29 Edwin J Szatkowski Blast furnace tuyere openings
US3801058A (en) * 1973-01-15 1974-04-02 Steel Corp Apparatus for forming a refractory nozzle body
US3833334A (en) * 1973-07-05 1974-09-03 Combustion Eng Apparatus for relining a bof vessel tap hole
US4077600A (en) * 1975-11-19 1978-03-07 Nalco Chemical Company Ingot mold base member
US4192492A (en) * 1979-03-23 1980-03-11 Dresser Industries, Inc. Device for fabrication of tapholes in metallurgical vessels
US4981628A (en) * 1988-10-11 1991-01-01 Sudamet, Ltd. Repairing refractory linings of vessels used to smelt or refine copper or nickel
US5128075A (en) * 1989-06-20 1992-07-07 Glaverbel Ceramic welding repair process
US5482248A (en) * 1991-03-22 1996-01-09 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Mold for manufacturing metal containment vessels
US5505893A (en) * 1991-03-22 1996-04-09 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method for manufacturing and repairing molten metal containment vessels
US5511762A (en) * 1991-03-22 1996-04-30 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Consumable form with degradable lining
US5632937A (en) * 1991-03-22 1997-05-27 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of installing a refractory lining
US5795508A (en) * 1991-03-22 1998-08-18 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of lining a blast furnace
US5484138A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-01-16 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Consumable form with adjustable walls
US5423519A (en) * 1994-05-26 1995-06-13 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Regenerative chamber lining and method of installation
US5916500A (en) * 1997-11-20 1999-06-29 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Method of lining a blast furnace
WO2009003430A1 (de) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Paul-Antoine Wurtz Formbauteil aus feuerfestmaterial
CN104515397A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-15 林州市林丰铝电有限责任公司 一种更换式炉眼装置及其安装方法
CN104515397B (zh) * 2013-09-30 2016-10-05 林州市林丰铝电有限责任公司 一种更换式炉眼装置及其安装方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1100359A (en) 1968-01-24
DE1508177B1 (de) 1970-04-23
AT286334B (de) 1970-12-10
BR6681977D0 (pt) 1973-06-26
ES343739A1 (es) 1968-09-01
ES330063A1 (es) 1967-11-16

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