US3396415A - Process for the continuous heat treatment of lengths of textiles and the like - Google Patents

Process for the continuous heat treatment of lengths of textiles and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3396415A
US3396415A US385089A US38508964A US3396415A US 3396415 A US3396415 A US 3396415A US 385089 A US385089 A US 385089A US 38508964 A US38508964 A US 38508964A US 3396415 A US3396415 A US 3396415A
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Prior art keywords
steam
heating
condensation
temperature
chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US385089A
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English (en)
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Meier-Windhorst Christi August
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CHRISTIAN AUGUST MEIER WINDHORST
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Christian August Meier Windhorst
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0005—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
    • D06B19/0047—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by air steam
    • D06B19/0052—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by air steam the textile material passing through a chamber
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B17/00—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B17/02—Storing of textile materials in association with the treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours in superimposed, i.e. stack-packed, form; J-boxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D06B3/12—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics in zig-zag manner over series of guiding means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for a continuous heat treatment of lengths of textiles or textile-like sheets.
  • Such processes often include the impregnation of textiles by chemicals, such as bleaches, dyes and other refining substances.
  • This impregnation is practically always followed by heat treatments in steam or, in certain cases, in a mixture of steam and air.
  • the impregnation and the heat treatment are often continuous, so that one passes into the other.
  • they are also often carried out separately since they are preferably carried out at different temperature ranges.
  • the impregnation in that case is usually carried out at the lowest optimal temperature for that process and the heat treatment which often produces or furthers various chemical reactions, is carried out at the highest optimal temperature for this treatment.
  • heat treatments during dying with certain specific dyes have their higher optimal temperature ranges between 50 C. and 90 C.; in other cases, for example, when dying with vat dyes, as well as in steam treatments with cloth pressure and during bleaching, the temperature range is 100 C. In the course of dye treatment at 100 C., as well as when using vat dyes, it is also necessary to make certain that the heat treatment takes place in the absence of oxygen, i.e. in the absence of air.
  • the optimal developing and fixing temperatures of which range between and C.the exposure treatments in the steam-air mixture during the so-called padroll process are carried out in such manner that the condensation temperature of the steam-air mixture being used is approximately equal to the ready goods temperature during the exposure treatment.
  • a temperature and exposure treatment taking place in the absence of oxygen results in bringing the partial steam pressure to the value 1, i.e. by providing pure steam instead of a steam-air mixture.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of prior art processes and to develop a particularly effective universal process for pre-heating operations during continuous heat treatments.
  • the present invention is based upon a very thorough investigation and clarification of the various effects taking place in different types of pre-heating and their variations, as well as of the possibilities of controlling them. A particularly advantageous application was found for the heat treatment taking place during treatments with dyes.
  • a length of material after continuous impregnation is guided in a manner known per se through a short sealing section or a narrow slit of the usual type into a special zone for carefully regulated pre-heating.
  • the length is subjected to a pure condensation pro-heating in a steamair mixture while being freely guided, the predetermined length of the guided material amounting to from 1 m. to 3 m., depending upon the maximum operational speed and the condition of the material; or the material may be exposed to pure steam during treatments which preferably or necessarily take place at C. while air is excluded.
  • the length of material is guided to an adjacent zone where it is subjected to additional but condensationfree heating.
  • This last-mentioned heating may consist of infra-red radiation heating, contact heating or high frequency heating.
  • the output of the condensation-free heating is so set that at least a noticeable part of water condensed during condensation heating is again evaporated.
  • the treated material is introduced into the fixing and repository chamber of usual construction only after the described carefully-regulated combined pre-heating and heat treatment have taken place.
  • the pre-heating zone and the chamber are located one next to the other. Preferably, they are separated one from the other by a wall which may be provided with only a narrow slot for passage of the material.
  • the condensation heating due to its particularly high heat transfer output with heat transfer amounts of 1-2000 kcaL/m. ch. in the case of dried material and 4-6000 kcal./m. C.h. in the case of completely wet material, will quickly raise the temperature of the material within the range of ready goods temperature.
  • the steam-air mixture which passes through the pre-heating zone in a special way, can be so adjusted by suitable measuring and regulating devices that the saturation temperature corresponding to the partial steam pressure will be approximately equal to the required temperature of the repository treatment. Further heat transmission by a condensation-free heating will finally bring the temperature of the materialshould that be still necessary-to the required temperature.
  • the present invention makes possible careful and quick regulation of the pre-heating which can be effectively adjustable with respect to temperature, while there need be only small additional heat consumption in the condensation-free heating.
  • the present invention provides an elfectively regulated steam development in the material.
  • the treated material acquires a safe and automatically regulated final temperature due to the partial steam pressure in the pre-heating chamber and a special guiding of the flow.
  • the pre-heating process is characterized by the step of-on the one hand-varying the time period during which the condensation-free pre-heating takes place.
  • This step is of value for materials having less hygroscopic fibers, when the water saturation of the dye concentration by the condensation heating should be kept within certain limits.
  • it is possible to adjust the percentage of the renewed evaporation depending upon the specific material and process requirements. In special cases it is of advantage to increase the evaporation output above the renewed evaporation of the condensation moisture.
  • FIGURE 1 shows diagrammatically and partly in section an apparatus suitable for a lengthy heat treatment.
  • FIGURE 2 shows diagrammatically and partly in section a treating chamber for a heat treatment of medium duration
  • FIGURE 3 shows diagrammatically and partly in section an installation for a short heat treatment.
  • All heating devices shown in the drawings consist of a pre-heating zone and a repository chamber.
  • the directions of movement of the lengths of material being treated and of the flow of steam-air mixture or of pure steam are indicated by arrows.
  • the pre-heating zone comprises a sluice separating outer air from the pre-heating zone, a section for pure condensation heating and a section for pure condensationfree heating.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a pre-heating chamber or zone 13 connected with a repository chamber for lengthy heat treatments, which is constructed as a pad-roll chamber 10.
  • the zone 13 comprises a sluice 14 which separates outside air from the heating zone, a section 15 for condensation heating and a section 17 for heating which is free of condensation.
  • the apparatus of FIGURE 1 also includes a zone 16 wherein the condensation heating and condensation-free heating may be superposed one upon the other.
  • the zone 17 for condensation-tree heating may be heated by projectors 18 of infra-red rays.
  • a separating wall 19 is located between the pre-heating zone 13 and the chamber 10.
  • the wall 19 is provided with a narrow slit constituting a passage for the length of material 20.
  • the steam-air mixture or pure steam is introduced into the lower portion of the chamber 10 and is guided through the apparatus in counter-current to the direction of movement of the length of the material being treated.
  • Steam is introduced through any suitable steam conduit 26 and its pressure can be adjusted to the desired amount by a manually operated pressure reducing device 25.
  • This steam which is used for producing a steam-air mixture is introduced into the treating chamber 10 through an injector 24.
  • a certain amount of air is sucked in by the steam in the injector 24, and this amount of air can be regulated by a manually operable throttle valve 23.
  • the actual volume ratio of steam to air is determined by the required treatment temperature and, consequently, by the set temperature of the wet bulb thermometer.
  • the volume of the mixture which is being introduced depends upon the dimensions of the chamber, the construction of the inlet sluice and the desired output.
  • the sheet 21 also produces a circulation of the steam-air mixture, so that the mixture is distributed completely uniformly throughout the chamber.
  • FIGURE 2 shows an apparatus having a pre-heating zone 13 which is connected with a chamber 12 having the shape of a J-box and suitable for heat treatment of medium duration.
  • the zone 13 is provided with an entry sluice 14 a section 15 for condensation heating and a section 17 for condensation-free heating.
  • the section 17 is heated by projectors 18 of infra-red rays.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a single pipe 26 for introducing a steam-air mixture or pure steam, as well as a measuring device 27.
  • a Water container 28 through which the length of material 20 leaves the apparatus, prevents atmospheric air from penetrating into the apparatus.
  • the construction of this apparatus is substantially the same as that illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIGURE 3 shows an apparatus having a pre-heating zone 13 behind which is located a continuous passage loft 11 which is suitable for heat treatments of short duration and which contains upper and lower rollers guiding the material.
  • the zone 13" is provided with an entry sluice 14", a section 15 for condensation heating and a section 17" for condensation-free heating.
  • the section 17 is heated by projectors 18 of infra-red rays.
  • This construction also uses a water container 28 permitting the passage of the length of material 20 and providing a seal against atmospheric air.
  • the apparatus has a pipe 26" for introducing steam and a measuring device 27. In other respects the apparatus is the same as those previously described.
  • the seal constituted by the water container may be also provided by a slit having a high flow resistance.
  • the repository chambers may consist of suspension guides, a ring coil loft or the like. All such and other variations and modifications are to be included within the scope of the present invention.
  • a process for the continuous heating of treated lengths of material comprising the steps of heating 2. treated length of material by condensation pre-heating in a gas at least a portion of which consists of steam to substantially the saturation temperature of the steam and also heating said length of material by condensation-free heating with limited steam-developing heat effect.
  • a process for the continuous heating of treated lengths of material comprising the steps of heating a treated length of material by condensation pre-heating in a steam-air mixture to substantially the saturation temperature of the steam and also heating said length of material by condensation-free heating with limited steam-developing heat eflect, while introducing a constant steam-air mixture having a lower wet bulb thermometer temperature than the required one and then introducing a smaller additional amount of steam until the desired temperature is attained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US385089A 1963-10-14 1964-07-24 Process for the continuous heat treatment of lengths of textiles and the like Expired - Lifetime US3396415A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA0044302 1963-10-14

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US3396415A true US3396415A (en) 1968-08-13

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US (1) US3396415A (xx)
CH (1) CH472915A (xx)
DE (1) DE1460483A1 (xx)
DK (1) DK111812B (xx)
NL (1) NL6406201A (xx)
SE (1) SE311504B (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3510960A (en) * 1967-06-10 1970-05-12 Hisayoshi Kubodera Vertical drying machine
US3520069A (en) * 1968-01-29 1970-07-14 Meier Windhorst Christian A Process and apparatus for wash-and-wear finishing of woven cloths,knitted goods or fiber fleeces of cellulose fibers
US3682238A (en) * 1971-02-18 1972-08-08 Karl Ostertag Method for the uniform heat treatment of filiform material
US3807950A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-04-30 R Rogers Method of dyeing and/or washing fabric
US3990845A (en) * 1966-11-16 1976-11-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the fixation of dyestuffs
US4008998A (en) * 1973-05-11 1977-02-22 Sublistatic Holding S.A. Transfers dyeing by rolling up webs with a conductor
US5263265A (en) * 1989-10-23 1993-11-23 Despatch Industries Convection/radiation material treatment oven
US6090157A (en) * 1997-01-31 2000-07-18 Benninger Ag Process and device for application of vat dye, especially indigo, to a thread bundle

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3206895A1 (de) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-15 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen faerben von textilen warenbahnen

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1992753A (en) * 1932-03-09 1935-02-26 Parks Cramer Co Method and apparatus for continuously conditioning a sheet of fibrous material
US2346186A (en) * 1942-10-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Heat treatment of textiles
US2456301A (en) * 1943-09-14 1948-12-14 United Merchants & Mfg Process and apparatus for drying textiles
US2655802A (en) * 1950-01-05 1953-10-20 Brown Allcn Chemicals Inc Apparatus for photochemical dyeing
US2833136A (en) * 1958-05-06 Ager for processing printed fabrics
US2877636A (en) * 1954-04-09 1959-03-17 Dungler Julien Enclosure for treating web material
US3196642A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-07-27 Du Pont Apparatus for the controlled heating of fabrics with an air/steam heating medium
US3235973A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-02-22 Hupp Corp Heat treating apparatus for sheet or web like material

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2833136A (en) * 1958-05-06 Ager for processing printed fabrics
US1992753A (en) * 1932-03-09 1935-02-26 Parks Cramer Co Method and apparatus for continuously conditioning a sheet of fibrous material
US2346186A (en) * 1942-10-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Heat treatment of textiles
US2456301A (en) * 1943-09-14 1948-12-14 United Merchants & Mfg Process and apparatus for drying textiles
US2655802A (en) * 1950-01-05 1953-10-20 Brown Allcn Chemicals Inc Apparatus for photochemical dyeing
US2877636A (en) * 1954-04-09 1959-03-17 Dungler Julien Enclosure for treating web material
US3235973A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-02-22 Hupp Corp Heat treating apparatus for sheet or web like material
US3196642A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-07-27 Du Pont Apparatus for the controlled heating of fabrics with an air/steam heating medium

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990845A (en) * 1966-11-16 1976-11-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the fixation of dyestuffs
US3510960A (en) * 1967-06-10 1970-05-12 Hisayoshi Kubodera Vertical drying machine
US3520069A (en) * 1968-01-29 1970-07-14 Meier Windhorst Christian A Process and apparatus for wash-and-wear finishing of woven cloths,knitted goods or fiber fleeces of cellulose fibers
US3682238A (en) * 1971-02-18 1972-08-08 Karl Ostertag Method for the uniform heat treatment of filiform material
US3807950A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-04-30 R Rogers Method of dyeing and/or washing fabric
US4008998A (en) * 1973-05-11 1977-02-22 Sublistatic Holding S.A. Transfers dyeing by rolling up webs with a conductor
US5263265A (en) * 1989-10-23 1993-11-23 Despatch Industries Convection/radiation material treatment oven
US6090157A (en) * 1997-01-31 2000-07-18 Benninger Ag Process and device for application of vat dye, especially indigo, to a thread bundle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1460483A1 (de) 1968-11-28
DK111812B (da) 1968-10-14
NL6406201A (xx) 1965-04-15
SE311504B (xx) 1969-06-16
CH472915A (de) 1969-02-14

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