US3390443A - Magnetic material and devices utilizing same - Google Patents

Magnetic material and devices utilizing same Download PDF

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US3390443A
US3390443A US405202A US40520264A US3390443A US 3390443 A US3390443 A US 3390443A US 405202 A US405202 A US 405202A US 40520264 A US40520264 A US 40520264A US 3390443 A US3390443 A US 3390443A
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loop
percent
weight percent
oersteds
cobalt
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US405202A
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Harold L B Gould
Jr Daniel H Wenny
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Priority to US405202A priority Critical patent/US3390443A/en
Priority to DE19651483391 priority patent/DE1483391B2/de
Priority to NL6513512A priority patent/NL6513512A/xx
Priority to SE13521/65A priority patent/SE315960B/xx
Priority to GB44153/65A priority patent/GB1120125A/en
Priority to BE671149D priority patent/BE671149A/xx
Priority to FR35582A priority patent/FR1461544A/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
    • H01F1/0304—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions adapted for large Barkhausen jumps or domain wall rotations, e.g. WIEGAND or MATTEUCCI effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/928—Magnetic property
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12333—Helical or with helical component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component

Definitions

  • This invention relates to processes for making magnetic alloy materials, to the materials themselves, and to devices containing such materials.
  • compositions of this invention in accordance with a particularly critical schedule may result in an extremely pronounced constricted or split loop which, in appearance, approaches two biased square loops, again one in the first and one in the third quadrant, again connected by a linear region which, in this instance, shows an extremely sharp change in permeability at a well-defined value of applied field.
  • This characteristic where it is produced in accordance with the conditions herein, is stable at high magnetizing fields.
  • Square loop materials in accordance with this invention may, of course, be incorporated in any of a host of conventional devices. Technological importance is premised on high squareness values, BR/Bsat, and on coercivity and saturation values which may differ from available materials and may more nearlyviill the particular needs for a given family of devices. Since stable constricted loops of the pronounced characteristics associated with these materials have not been available; in fact, since there was no basis for an expectation that such character- 3,390,443 Patented July 2, 1968 istics would ever be available, there are few devices at this time which may take advantage of the properties. Availability of the stable constricted loop has .already stimulated development of several devices which may utilize such materials. As the information becomes more generally available, it is to be expected that more uses will emerge. Probably the most significant device thus far developed is a current limiter which takes advantage of the pronounced change in permeability with applied field.
  • Suitable processing necessarily includes cold rolling, so as to result in a minimum of a 90 percent thickness reduction Where such reduction is expressed as the fraction:
  • t1 and t2 are the thickness of the body before and after cold rolling, respectively. While this cold rolling results in a constricted hysteresis loop regardless of prior treatment, it will be seen from the results set forth in this disclosure that subsequent partial annealing up to a ternperature of the order of 500 C. increases the squareness ratio of the two subloops. Such treatment constitutes a preferred embodiment of this invention.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is realized upon heat treatment at temperatures in excess of about 500 C., such subsequent treatment resulting in a conventional four-quadrant loop. Increasing the heat treatment temperature above this minimum of about 500 C. results in decreasing coercivity over a predictable range of from about one to about 12 oersteds.
  • Compositions showing these properties are members of the cobalt-iron alloy system and include the range expressed in weight percent of 78 to 95 cobalt, remainder iron, to which certain additives may be made.
  • the most significant of these additives is vanadium, an optional inclusion, which may be incorporated in amounts of up to four per cent by weight based on the entire composition. Vanadium inclusion over this range improves workability, increases resistivity, improves squareness ratio, and may result also in a small increase in coercivity. For these reasons a minimum vanadium content of one per cent is preferred.
  • the upper limit of four percent is, however, critical, significantly greater amounts resulting in a loss of the loop characteristics described.
  • cobalt limits are determined by the unfeasibility of cold working resulting compositions above the indicated maximum and by the loss of the split loop characteristic below the indicated minimum.
  • a preferred compositional range for cobalt extends from to 92 weight percent.
  • Other inclusions, both accidental and intentional, are discussed further on. All such additional ingredients are conventional and serve recognized purposes.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are D-C hysteresis loops on coordinates of magnetization, B, in gauss on the ordinate and applied field, H, in oersteds on the abscissa for a material herein having constricted loop characteristics;
  • FIG. 2 is a similar plot for such a material after subsequent treatment
  • FIG. 4 is such a plot for a material similar to that plotted on FIG. 3 but processed so as to have reduced coercivity;
  • FIG. 5 is again a plot on coordinates of B and H in the units indicated for a material having a constricted hysteresis loop;
  • FIG. 6 is a simi'ar plot for another material
  • FIG. 8 is a front elevational view of a device utilizing an element of a material herein having a conventional D-C hysteresis loop.
  • FIGS. l through 6 forms a part of the similarly numbered examples. Before proceeding to the examples, all of which refer to specific processing conditions, a general description of the processing to be followed in the attainment of either of the hysteresis loop characteristics is presented.
  • the critical treatment is the rolling step carried out cold, carried out subsequent to any dead anneal or at least not followed by any dead anneal, and of such nature as to result in a thickness reduction of at least 90 percent, as described.
  • the general description which follows discusses expedient techniques for reducing the initial body of alloy material to a Size which may be handled with ease on appropriate commercial equipment designed to be utilized in the final cold working. For this reason, description of the processing schedule prior to cold rolling is to be considered as exemplary only and merely suitable for the particular starting body, for the available apparatus, and for the final dimensions desired.
  • Other desired configurations may eliminate the need for any initial processing or may result in the use of entirely different working techniques.
  • hot working is the conventional approach used by metallurgists in this field.
  • These hot working techniques while they represent the most expedient approach to the initial reduction steps, are in no way required to attain the characteristics described. They may, for example, be replaced in their entirety by cold working, or they may be eliminated.
  • starting bodies were generally produced by casting, the cast ingot being of the order of three-quarters of an inch in diameter by eight inches in length.
  • Other crystallizing techniques such as zone melting or Bridgeman or crystal pulling, are suitable,
  • the casting was then hot worked by rolling to a thickness of the order of 0.10 inch.
  • Hot working to produce strip is expediently carried to a minimum thickness of the order of one-eighth of an inch.
  • the hot worked strip was then subjected to a dead anneal.
  • Requisite conditions for dead annealing in this alloy system are well known. In general, heating within the range of from 750 C. to 1000 C. for from one hour to fifteen minutes is necessary. Deviation may be made from these limits where the bulk of the body so indicates. Small strip samples may be annealed more quickly; large reels may require greater duration. In the work reported in this description, a one-hour anncal at a temperature of about 975 C. was found suitable.
  • Annealing was carried out in a protective atmosphere of hydrogen, nitrogen, argon, helium, or forming gas (mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen). Use of a protective atmosphere is recommended to minimize the embrittling effect of oxygen incusion, As indicated, annealing is an expedient step designed to expedite subsequent working and is not required to develop the magnetic characteristics reported.
  • r1 and t2 are the thickness of the body undergoing processing in the direction subject to reduction by rolling before and after rolling respectively. Preferred reductions are greater and range from percent up to 99 percent and greater.
  • Heat treatment above 500 C., to about 550 C., may be permitted where it is desired to retain the constricted characteristic. It has been found that such treatment may be tolerated for cobalt inclusions of from 78 to 90 weight percent. Above this 'temperature for any of the compositions herein, and above 500 for compositions containing from 90-95 weight percent cobalt, the constricted characteristic is replaced by a conventional four-quadrant loop.
  • the coercivity of materials evidencing the traditional characteristic may be tailored by selecting the proper temperature over the permited range of up to about 1200" C. Higher temperatures to the melting point of the alloy may be tolerated in principle. The maximum indicated is however a practical limit largely based on commercial furnace considerations.
  • Heating times required over the higher range of from about 500 to about 1200 C., except for the lower cobalt compositions where the range commences at 550 as noted, may again range up to about three hours, the minimum requirement being that heating be continued for such period as to maintain the body at a temperature above the indicated minimum for a period of at least 15 minutes. Increasing temperature results in decreasing coercivity.
  • the minimum coercivity is approximately one oersted, corresponding with a temperature of about 1200 C.
  • the maximum attainable is approximately 12 oersteds, corresponding with the appropriate minimum temperature of 500 or 550 C.
  • Example 1 A melt was prepared of the following materials:
  • the materials were reacted at a temperature of approximately 1550 C.
  • the resulting melt was held at ternperature for about two minutes to ensure thorough mixing and solution of ingredients, and was then poured into a mold and solidified to make an ingot about three-quarters of an inch in diameter and eight inches in length.
  • the ingot was heated to a temperature of 1200 C. for hot rolling to a iiat strip of a final thickness of 0.1 inch. Attainment of this final thickness required about 10 steps, with 3 reheatings.
  • the strip was examined and any surface defects were removed by machining. It was then annealed for an hour at a temperature of 1000 C. in a protective atmosphere of hydrogen.
  • the loop characteristics ⁇ may be summarized as follows: Coercive force, Hc, equals 5 oersteds; residual induction, vBR equals 250 gauss; induction B at H of 40 to 60 oersteds equals 18,000 gauss.
  • Example 2 Again, the composition .of Example 1 was processed as there described so as to result in a thickness reduction of 99 percent (FIG. 1A), following which the tape was annealed at 600 C. for one hour.
  • the hysteresis loop of FIG. 3 resulted. It is seen that this heat treatment condition resulted in disappearance of the constricted loop and substitution of a conventional four-quadrant loop. For these conditions, this loop has a residual induction or remanent magnetization, BR, of 16,000 gauss, a coercive force of 9 oersteds, and a squareness ratio, BR/ ⁇ B5, of
  • Bsat is the saturation point magnetization again expressed in gauss.
  • Example 4 Again, the composition of Example 1 was processed as there described to result a thickness reduction of 99 percent, following which the resultant tape was annealed at 1200 C. for one hour.
  • the resulting loop, FIG. 4 shows a significantly reduced coercivity as compared with the similarly treated material of Example 3 (FIG. 3), which was heat treated at the lower temperature of 600 C.
  • This material had a remanent magnetization, BR, of 15,000 gauss, a coercivity, Hc, of one oersted, and a squareness ratio, BR/Bsat, of 83 percent.
  • Example 5 The procedure of Example l, including the iinal cold rolling step resulting in a thickness reduction of 99 percent, was repeated utilizing the following amounts of the indicated materials:
  • Cobalt-1360 grams or 85 weight percent Iron-230 grams, or 14.4 Weight percent Manganese-8 grams, or 0.5 weight percent Aluminum-2 grams, or 0.1 weight percent.
  • the resulting strip was annealed for two hours at 480 C.
  • the measured D-C hysteresis loop for this material is reproduced as FIG. 5.
  • Example l6 The procedure of Example 1, including the final cold rolling step resulting in a thickness reduction of 99 percent, was repeated utilizing the following amounts of the indicated materials:
  • Cobalt-1365 grams or 85.3 weight percent Iron--l grams, or 12.2 weight percent Vanadium-32 grams, or 2 weight percent Manganese-8 grams, or 0.5 weight percent.
  • the resulting strip was heat treated for two hours at 500 C.
  • the measured D-C hysteresis loop for this ⁇ heattreated material is reproduced as FIG. 6.
  • the difference between the D-C characteristics of the materials of this example and Example 5 resulted largely from the inclusion of vanadium.
  • the effect was generally to produce a squarer subloop in each of quadrants 1 and 3 and to steepen the slope of the portion of the loop representing the reverse cycle in quadrant 1, as Well as that of the corresponding portion of the third quadrant loop.
  • the vanadium inclusion resulted also in a three-fold increase in resistivity to a value of about 27 micron-centimeters.
  • Examples 1 through 6 above were selected to represent similar working conditions and iinal configurations, generally with only one significant variation in composition or condition to permit ready comparison. These examples all represent actual commercial conditions and compositions. Conditions include the use of hydrogen as a protective atmosphere. Forming gas (a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen), nitrogen, argon, or helium may be substituted. Manganese, usually included in amounts of from one-half to one percent by weight, is intended to combine with any sulfur that may be present in commercial-grade material. Suitable alternatives include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, etc. Aluminum or some other readily oxidizable element, typically in the amount of one-tenth to one percent, is sometimes included to control oxygen.
  • Forming gas a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen
  • nitrogen, argon, or helium may be substituted.
  • Manganese usually included in amounts of from one-half to one percent by weight, is intended to combine with any sulfur that may be present in commercial-grade material. Suitable alternatives include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, etc. Aluminum or some other readily oxid
  • Unintentional ingredients include carbon, lfrom about one-quarter to one percentjbeyond which workability is impaired, silicon, up to about two percent, larger amounts again impairing workability, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, niobium or tungsten up to about ve percent (molybdenum, chromium, titanium, niobium or tungsten may be added intentionally since either of these may be substituted for vanadium for the purposes noted) and phosphorus and sulfur, to about one-tenth of one percent, either of these last ingredients causing embrittlement in larger quantities.
  • the total content of metallic ingredients other than those normally included should not exceed six percent.
  • the device of FIG. 7 is a current limiter including a core 1 of a constricted loop composition herein, which may be fabricated to the form shown by use of one or more at strips, having wrapped about it several turns of wire 2, the extremities of which are connected, one to D-C source 3, the other to load 4.
  • the circuit is completed by wire 5 connecting power source 3 and load 4.
  • Such a series-connected element utilizing, for example, the material of FIG. 2, depends for its operation on the fact that the impedance presented to currents producing magnetomotive forces up to about 40 oersteds is relatively small by reason of the low linear permeability portion of the hysteresis loop. Beyond this ⁇ value there is a steep increase of about ten-fold to a permeability value of about 1000 proportionally increasing the inductance and correspondingly the impedance to current.
  • the device of FIG. 8 is a memory element known as the twistor.
  • This device which depends upon the direction of remanent magnetization of a length of magnetic tape (a memory bit) for information, is fully described in U.S. Patent 3,083,353, issued Mar. 26, 1963 to A. H. Bobeck.
  • This device includes a metallic conductor 10, about which there is disposed a helical winding 14 of a tape configuration of a composition herein.
  • the direction of the ux in the winding 14 may be in either of the helical directions.
  • One end of the conductor 10 is connected to a current source 16 and the other end is connected to ground.
  • a series of external insulated windings represented by 12, one end of each of which is connected to ground, the other end being connected to a current source 17, are inductively coupled to the conductor 10.
  • all the bits, that is sections, of winding 14 corresponding with windings 12 are magnetized in a given direction, with such direction representing, for example, a binary zcro.
  • H magnetomotive force
  • Information stored in the winding 14 is read out by reversing the polarity of the currents applied from the sources 16 and 17, the simultaneous reverse current pulses again causing switching in the direction of magnetization in the helical winding if a binary l has been previously stored in the manner described above. No switching occurs for any bit magnetized in the zero direction.
  • a change in potential results. This change may be detected by suitable detection means 18 as an output pulse superimposed upon the switching current pulse.
  • Device comprising a ferromagnetic body of an alloy consisting essentially of 78 to 95 weight percent cobalt, 0 to 4 weight percent vanadium, remainder iron, produced by cold roliing so as to produce a thickness reduction of at least 90 percent based on the ratio:
  • t1 and t2 are the thickness of the body in that dimension subject to reduction in the rolling operation, before and after rolling, respectively, the said body having associated therewith at least one electrical current path so situated that passage of current through the said path results in a magnetic ux within at least a portion of the said body.
  • Body of claim 1 in which the said body is heat treated after rolling at a temperature of from 150 up to 500 C. for alloys containing from 90 to 95 weight percent cobalt and from 150 up to 550 C. for alloys containing frorn 78 to 90 weight percent cobalt.
  • Device of claim 1 in which the said body is heat treated after rolling at a temperature of from 500 to 1200 C. for alloys containing from 90 to 95 weight percent cobalt and from 550 to 1200 C. for alloys containing from 78 to 90 weight percent cobalt.
  • a device as in claim 1 vsubjected to heat treatment at a temperature of up to 1200 C.
  • Device comprising a body of material defining at least one magnetically remanent ux path, the said body comprising an alloy consisting essentially of 78 to 95 weight percent cobalt, 0 to 4 weight percent vanadium, remainder iron, produced by cold rolling so as to produce a thickness reduction of at least percent based on the ratio:

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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US405202A 1964-10-20 1964-10-20 Magnetic material and devices utilizing same Expired - Lifetime US3390443A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US405202A US3390443A (en) 1964-10-20 1964-10-20 Magnetic material and devices utilizing same
DE19651483391 DE1483391B2 (de) 1964-10-20 1965-10-18 Verwendung eines kobalt vanadium eisen legierung als magnet koerper
NL6513512A NL6513512A (xx) 1964-10-20 1965-10-19
SE13521/65A SE315960B (xx) 1964-10-20 1965-10-19
GB44153/65A GB1120125A (en) 1964-10-20 1965-10-19 Method of producing a ferromagnetic member by cold rolling
BE671149D BE671149A (xx) 1964-10-20 1965-10-20
FR35582A FR1461544A (fr) 1964-10-20 1965-10-20 éléments aimantables à boucles d'hystérésis spéciales

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US405202A US3390443A (en) 1964-10-20 1964-10-20 Magnetic material and devices utilizing same

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BE (1) BE671149A (xx)
DE (1) DE1483391B2 (xx)
GB (1) GB1120125A (xx)
NL (1) NL6513512A (xx)
SE (1) SE315960B (xx)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3582913A (en) * 1967-09-05 1971-06-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic alloy material and device utilizing same
US3743550A (en) * 1970-06-25 1973-07-03 Elect & Magn Alloys Res Inst Alloys for magnetic recording-reproducing heads
US3837933A (en) * 1971-03-13 1974-09-24 Foundation Res Inst Electric A Heat treated magnetic material
US3868278A (en) * 1972-02-22 1975-02-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Doubly oriented cobalt iron alloys
US3871927A (en) * 1971-10-13 1975-03-18 Elect & Magn Alloys Res Inst Process for producing a high-permeability alloy for magnetic recording-reproducing heads
US3892118A (en) * 1970-01-26 1975-07-01 Velinsky Milton Method of manufacturing bistable magnetic device
US3974000A (en) * 1971-09-13 1976-08-10 Fujitsu Ltd. Semi-hard magnetic materials
US3983916A (en) * 1973-11-12 1976-10-05 Fujitsu Ltd. Process for producing semi-hard co-nb-fl magnetic materials
US3989557A (en) * 1972-06-01 1976-11-02 Fujitsu Ltd. Process of producing semi-hard magnetic materials
US4042429A (en) * 1973-10-03 1977-08-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Magnetic alloys having wasp-waisted magnetic hysteresis loop
US4247601A (en) * 1978-04-18 1981-01-27 The Echlin Manufacturing Company Switchable magnetic device
US4619720A (en) * 1983-09-01 1986-10-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Magnetic amorphous alloys comprising Co, Fe, Zr, and Nb
US4832810A (en) * 1986-07-08 1989-05-23 Nihon Shinku Gijutsu Kabushiki Kaisha Co-based alloy sputter target and process of manufacturing the same
CN114941083A (zh) * 2022-04-26 2022-08-26 江苏奇纳新材料科技有限公司 一种含氮高温合金的制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2437921C3 (de) * 1974-08-07 1981-06-11 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Verwendung einer Legierung auf Kobalt-Nickel-Titan-Eisen-Basis als magnetisch halbharter, in Glas einschmelzbarer Werkstoff

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1739752A (en) * 1927-08-29 1929-12-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic material and appliance
US2519277A (en) * 1947-01-15 1950-08-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetostrictive device and alloy and method of producing them

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1739752A (en) * 1927-08-29 1929-12-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic material and appliance
US2519277A (en) * 1947-01-15 1950-08-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetostrictive device and alloy and method of producing them

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3582913A (en) * 1967-09-05 1971-06-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetic alloy material and device utilizing same
US3892118A (en) * 1970-01-26 1975-07-01 Velinsky Milton Method of manufacturing bistable magnetic device
US3743550A (en) * 1970-06-25 1973-07-03 Elect & Magn Alloys Res Inst Alloys for magnetic recording-reproducing heads
US3837933A (en) * 1971-03-13 1974-09-24 Foundation Res Inst Electric A Heat treated magnetic material
US3974000A (en) * 1971-09-13 1976-08-10 Fujitsu Ltd. Semi-hard magnetic materials
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NL6513512A (xx) 1966-04-21
SE315960B (xx) 1969-10-13
BE671149A (xx) 1966-02-14
DE1483391B2 (de) 1971-09-23
GB1120125A (en) 1968-07-17
DE1483391A1 (de) 1969-02-20

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