US3390437A - Driving mechanism for the worker rollers of planetary teazing machines - Google Patents

Description

July 2, 1968 A. c. scHoLAERT 3,390,437 DRIVING ECHANISM FOR THE WORKER ROLLERS 0F PLANETARY TEAZING MACHINES Filed Aug. 17. 1964 3 Sheets-Sheet l A. C. SCHOLAERT DRIVING MECHANISM FOR THE WORKER ROLLERS July z, 196 3,390,437

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DRIVING MECHANISM FOR THE WORKER ROLLERS OF PLANETARY TEAZING MACHINES Filed Aug. 17. 1964 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTDR:

ATTORNBS United States Patent O 3,390,437 DRIVING MECHANISM FOR THE WORKER RULL- ERS F ILANETARY TEAZING MACHINES Albert Csar Seholaert, Malmaison 503B Tourcoing, Nord, France Filed Aug. 17, 1964, Ser. No. 390,144 Claims priority, application France, Aug. 21, 1963, 945,235 3 Claims. (Cl. 26-35) This invention relates to devices for controlling the r0- tational driving of the worker rollers of teazing machines.

The worker rollers of teazing machines are usually driven in rotation either by a positive drive, such as a chain drive, without any possible slipping, or by a belt, with the possibility of a certain slipping, with a vicw to giving flexibility of control, though on the other hand this slipping has the disadvantage of not being subject to supervision.

The adoption of one or the other of these two types of control is not a matter of indifference, and, according to the nature of the fabrics treated, it modifies the result obtained, particularly the length of the nap of the fabric treated, and the output per hour. In order to obtain varied effects it may therefore be necessary to Subject one and the same fabric to the action of a rigidly controlled teazing machine and to the action of a flexibly controlled teazing machine, lbut hitherto this has not been done, because of the supplementary manipulations that this would necessitate, and consequently the corresponding increase in the cost price, not to mention the risk of ultimate deterioration of the fabric.

The object of this invention is to render it possible to obtain, on oneand the same teazing machine, all the desired effects which it has not hitherto been possible to obtain except by passing the fabric through severa-l teazing machines of different characteristics in succession.

With this end in view, the worker rollers of a teazing machine according to the invention are driven selectively, either with or without slipping by a driving device, under the supervision of appropriate means.

The invention likewise relates to forms of construction comprising at least one of the following features:

(a) The control device comprises a chain o-r a notched belt, passing over a toothed wheel, which is mounted loose on the shaft of each roller, and which is connected with the latter lby a coupling, the torque of which is adjustable. v

(b) The adjustable torque coupling comprises an electro-magnet of variable excitation, the movable armature of which serves to exert an adjustable pressure upon two friction pieces, one of which is connected fast to the said toothed wheel and the other to the shaft of the roller.

(c) An electro-magnetic coupler with powder of variable viscosity serves as a variable-torque coupling between the toothed wheel and the roller shaft.

(d) The cont-rol device comprises a smooth ibelt, permanently located, and a notched 'belt or chain, passing over a smooth pulley and over a ytoothed wheel, respectively, mounted on the shaft of the roller.

(e) The smooth pulley is permanently mounted fast on the shaft, and the means of control comprises means which enable the control by the notched belt or chain to be ne-utralised.

(f) The means of neutralisation of the 4control by the chain comprises means which enable the chain to be removed.

(g) rIlhe means that enable the control by the chain to be neutralised comprises a coupling device interposed 'between the toothed wheel and the shaft.

(-h) The selective coupling device of the pulley and 3,396,437 Patented July 2, 1968 ICC the toothed wheel on the shaft comprises a sliding sleeve with claws, the toothed wheel being provided with cooperating claws.

T he invention will be better understood upon reading the following description and examining the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of example but not 0f limitation, some forms of construction of the invention.

In these drawings:

FIGURE 1 represents diagrammatically t-he drum that carries the worker rollers of a teazing machine, and, in a general way, the rotational driving system of the rollers as a whole;

FIGURE 2 shows, on a :larger scale, one end of a roller shaft, carrying a ilexible controlling pulley, and a controlling chain wheel for rigid control;

FIGURE 3 shows .a first modification, with a pulley and a chain wheel, with clutch;

FIGURES 3a and 3b are partial sections taken along the lines IIIa--IIIa and IIIb-IIIb, respectively, in FIG- URE 3;

FIGURE 4 shows a second modification, with a chain wheel and a variable-torque friction clutch, but without a 'belt pulley; and

FIGURE 5 represents another modification, likewise without a belt pulley, with a toothed chain wheel connected with the shaft by an electro-magnetic powder device, providing a variable connecting torque.

In a general way, in the teazing machine, a shaft 1 (FIGURE l) carries a drum 2, on the periphery of which are mounted worker rollers called nap rollers 3, alternating with worker rollers called counter-nap rollers 4. All these rollers can rotate about axes which are individually parallel to the axis of the drum 2. The ends of all the nap rollers 3, on one side of the latter, are provided with pulleys or chain wheels, over which passes a single belt or chain 5, driven by a pulley yor a chain wheel 6 mounted loose upon the shaft 1 of the drum. The pulley or chain wheel 6 is virtually integral with ano-ther pulley or a toothed wheel 7, which, in the example represented, is of the same diameter as the pulley or wheel 6, so that these two wheels merge into one in FIGURE 1. The wheel or pulley 7 is drive-n by any suita'ble transmission, such as that indicated 'by way of example at 8 in FIG- URE 1. The counter-nap rollers are similarly driven as is common in the art. At 10 is indicated the fabric, which is passing over all the rollers.

FIGURE 2 shows on a larger scale one end of a workroller, in this instance, a nap roller 3, for example, carred by a shaft 11, supported by the inner race of a ball bearing 12, the outer race of which is mounted in a bearing 13, secured to the drum 2. On the screw-threaded end of the shaft 11 is screwed the hub 14 of a member which is designated as a whole by 15, and which comprises a part 16, forming a pulley, over which passes a belt 17, and another part 18, forming a triple toothed wheel, over which passes a chain 19.

The member 15, forming a pulley and a toothed wheel, is secured fast to the shaft 11 by means of a nut 21, screwed on to a screw-threaded end portion 22, the diameter of which is smaller than that of the threaded part onto which the hub 14 is screwed.

The general configuration of the belt 17 and that 0f the chain 19 are indicated at 5 in FIGURE 1 and both of which are driven from pulleys loose on the shaft of the drum.

The operation of the device illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 2 is as follows:

The belt 17 always remains in position. When the chain 19 is likewise in position upon Iall the toothed wheels carried by the rollers, these are rotationally driven in a positive manner, without any slipping, thus providastronef? ing a rigid control of the rollers. If the chain 19 is removed, the rollers are then driven solely by the belt 17, which ensures a ilexible control of the rollers. To remove the chain 19, recourse may be had to any appropriate standard means, such as a demountable link in the said chain, or the displacement of a chain-tightener, so as to impart to the latter suflicient slack to enable it to be removed. It is likewise possible to provide a mechanical device for removing the chain.

In another form of construction, represented in FIG- URE 3, in which is again seen one end of the shaft 11 of a roller 3, the pulley 31, over which the belt 17 passes, is again screwed and blocked upon a threaded part of the said shaft. The toothed wheel 32, on the other hand, .over which a chain 33 passes, is mounted loose, through the medium of two ball bearings 35 and 36, upon an extension 38 of the roller shaft. Onto this extension 38 are successively threaded: a strut sleeve .or spacing sleeve 41, the inner race of the ball bearing 35, a strut ring or spacing ring 42, the inner race of the bearing 36, another strut ring or spacing 43, the hub of a member 45, to which reference will be made further on, a washer 46, and nally a nut 47, screwed on to the screw-threaded end of the said extension 38, and provided with a lock-nut 4S.

The toothed wheel 32 may be rendered, at will, either fast or loose upon the roller shaft7 by means of an electromechanical coupling which comprises an electro-magnet 51, with its winding 52, mounted, through the medium of a needle bearing 53, upon the hub of the aforementioned member 45, which will hereinafter be designated the support of the electro-magnet. The hub 44 is keyed to the shaft of the roller by means `of a key 55. The eletcro-magnet 51 is held rotationally fast in relation to the drum 2 of the machine by means of an arresting nger, and its winding is supplied with current by electric wires indicated at 57, coming from any suitable source.

The movable member serving to connect the toothed Wheel 32 to the roller shaft is constituted by an annular coupling member 61 (see also FIGURE 3b), one face of which is provided with teeth 58, which co-operate with corresponding teeth 59 (see also FIGURE 3a) on the opposite face of the support 45, the said annular coupling member 61 being slidably mounted, by longitudinal interna] teeth 62, upon longitudinal external teeth 63 cut in an annular member 64, which is secured by screws 65 to a drum 66, which is itself secured to the toothed wheel 32 by means of bolts 67. The assembly 32, 66 and 64 has been designed as three distinct parts for convenience of machining, particularly for the cutting of the toothed wheel 32 and the cutting of the teeth of the annular member 64.

The operation of the device illustrated in FIGURES 3, 3a and 3b is as follows:

The driving belt 17 is always in place on the pulley 31, which is itself permanently fast on the shaft 11 of the rollers, so that when the toothed wheel 32 is declutched, the roller is driven solely by the belt, that is to say, by the flexible control, while when the Wheel 32 is coupled to the shaft, the drive is positive, by the chain, the belt being then passive. When the electro-magnet 51 is not excited, the coupling piece 61 is kept disengaged from the piece by permanent magnets 68, embedded in the member 64 and attracting the member 61. When the electro-magnet is excited, its armature 45 attracts the member 61 with a force greater than that of the permanent magnets 68, so that the teeth 4of this member 61 come into engagement with those of the member 45. The toothed wheel 32 is then fast on the shalt of the roller. When the current feeding the electro-magnet is cut off, the member 61 is attracted by the permanent magnets, and the toothed wheel 32 is again loose on the shaft. Remote control of the clutches of al the rollers at the same time can easily be effected, for instance, by means of an installation such as that diagrammatically represented in FIGURE l, where the conductors 57 supplying each electro-magnet are all l united to two insulated conducting rings 69 and 69a, carried by the drum 2, and connected, by two brushes 70 and 76a, to an electrical distribution network R, through the medium of a common rheostat Rh for general regulation.

Whereas, in the forms of construction of FIGURES 2 and 3, the flexible control was effected by a belt with a certain slip over a pulley fast on each roller shaft, in the forms of construction of FIGURES 4 and 5 it is effected by means of a chain mounted on a toothed wheel which can be connected with the roller shaft through the medium ot' a variable-slip coupling, either by variable friction, in the embodiment of FIGURE 4, or by varying the viscosity of a magnetic powder, in the embodiment of FIGURE 5.

In FIGURE 4 there is again the shaft 11 of a roller 3 mounted in a bearing 12 of the drum 2, a double toothed wheel 71, for a chain 72, is mounted loose, through the medium of two ball bearings 73 and 74, upon a sleeve 75, mounted upon a corresponding fluted end 76 of the roller shaft 11, and retained axially upon the latter by a central screw 77.

The inner ball races of the two ball bearings 73 and 74, and n strut ring or spacing ring 73, are lodged upon the sleeve 75, between a shoulder 79 on the latter and a resilient cane 81, lodged in an annular groove in the said sleeve. The two outer race rings of the said bearings are axially positioned in the toothed wheel 71 by two resilient canes 82 and 83.

The toothed wheel 71 may be made temporarily fast upon the sleeve by means of an electro-magnetic friction clutch, comprising an armature 84 slidably mounted upon the sleeve 75 and keyed to the latter by tone or more keys 85.

The magnetic casing 86, which encloses the exciting coil 87 of the electro-magnet, is mounted upon the Sleeve 75 through the medium of a ball bearing 89. By an arresting linger it is rendered rotationally fast in relation to the drum 2, which carries the cables 91 supplying current to the electro-magnet from any suitable current source.

The inner race of the ball bearing 89 is retained towards the exterior by a washer 93 and a nut 94 screwed on to the threaded end 95 of the sleeve 75, and provided with a lock-nut 96. The outer race is positioned in the piece S6 by a resilient cane 97.

The movable armature 84 of the electro-magnet carries a rim or segments g8 of a material having a suitable coecient of friction, which can rub against the adjacent face of a rim 101, secured to another rim 102, which is provided with cooling fins 103, and is rotationally bound to the toothed wheel 71 by dowels 105, the longitudinal direction of which is parallel to that of the rim 101, and which are lodged in corresponding holes in the piece 102 and in another rim 106, xed to the said toothed wheel by screws 107.

A spring 111, slipped over a screw 112, urges the two pieces 102 and 106 constantly against one another.

The two pieces 101 and 84, and particularly the friction pieces 98, can be maintained perfectly in Contact, even if there is a slight veiling or buckling of the piece 106, due to the sliding arrangement of the dowels 105 in the said piece.

The magnetic flux of the electro-magnet 86 tends to press the movable armature 84 against the rim 101, against the force of a spring, consisting, in the example, of Belleville washers 114, interposed between the hub of the armature S4 and a resilient cane 115, mounted in an annular groove in the sleeve 75.

By means, for example, such as those described above, it is possible to regulate the strength of the current feeding the Winding 87 of the electro-magnet, so that it is possible to vary the force pressing the movable armature 84 against the rims that are rotationally fast with the toothed chain wheel 71, and, consequently, to vary the magnitude of the torque with which the said toothed wheel drives the roller.

When the strength of the exciting current ofthe electromagnet is a maximum, the friction is suicient for the drive to be effected positively, without slip. In this way, rigid control is obtained.

In order to obtain flexible control, with a variable degree of flexibility, all that is necessary is to reduce the strength of the electric current progressively down to the desired value, so as to reduce correspondingly the driving torque that effects the connection between the toothed wheel 71 and the roller shaft.

When the current in the electro-magnet is completely cut ott, or at least is of a force insufcient to overcome that of the springs 114, the toothed wheel '71 is rendered loose on the roller shaft, and the roller is no longer driven.

In the form of construction illustrated in FIGURE 5, which comprises a coupler with magnetic powder of variable viscosity, there is again a worker roller 3 and its shaft 11 mounted in a ball bearing, here a ball-and-socket bearing 121, carried by a cheek or flange of the drum 2. A triple chain wheel 123, over which passes a chain 124, is mounted loose upon an extension 125 of the shaft 11 of the roller, through the medium of a ball bearing 126 with a double row of balls.

The toothed wheel 123 may be connected to the roller shaft, with a variable driving torque, through the medium of a coupler with magnetic powder of variable viscosity of any convenient standard type, such as the type diagrammatically represented at 12S. This coupler comprises a eld magnet 131, carried by a collar 132, fast on the cheek of the drum Z of the machine, through the medium of a strut or spacing post 133.

The eld magnet 131 is lodged in an external prole piece 135, in the interior of which there is a rotatable internal pole piece 136, which is keyed to the extension of the roller shaft by a key 137.

A two-part sleeve 141, centered by two ball bearings 142 and 143 upon the extension of the roller shaft, is interposed between the external pole piece 135 and the internal pole piece 136. It is made fast, by screws 144 to an annular member 145, which is itself secured by screws 146 to the toothed wheel 123, over which passes the chain 124 which drives the roller. The centering of the sleeve 141 in the external -pole piece 13S is effected by two other ball bearings 148 and 149.

Between the inner pole piece 136 and the sleeve 141 is interposed a magnetic powder, the viscosity of which is variable as a function of the strength of the current brought by the conductors 151 t-o the field magnet 131 of the device.

By a judicious adjustment lof the strength of the current feeding the field magnet 131 there is given to the magnetic powder the desirable viscosity capable of producing the necessary driving torque between the roller shaft and the toothed wheel 123, in order that the roller may be driven either by a torque capable of effecting a positive connection, without slip, or by a weaker torque, adjustable, permitting slipping of appropriate Value.

The invention is not, of course, limited to the forms of construeiton described and illustrated, as numerous modifications may be made therein without thereby going outside the ambit of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A teazing machine comprising a rotary shaft, a drum carried by said shaft, a plurality of worker rollers rotatably mounted on the periphery of said drum, transmission means including means on each of said rollers cooperating therewith connected with slipping to each of said worker rollers, other non-slip transmission means including other means on each of said rollers cooperating therewith removably connected to each of said worker rollers, and means driving sai-d t-wo transmission means.

2. A teazing machine in accordance with claim 1, wherein the rst-mentioned transmission means comprises a smooth belt transmission and wherein the second-mentioned transmission means comprises a toothed wheel connected with each of said worker rollers, and a removable chain meshing with said toothed wheels and connected with said driving means.

3. A teazing machine in accordance with claim 1, wherein the first-mentioned transmission means comprises a smooth pulley connected with each of said worker rollers and a smooth belt flexing over said pulleys and connected to said driving means, and wherein the secondmentioned transmission means comprises toothed wheel rotatably mounted in each of said worker rollers, coupling means operatively connecting said toothed wheels with said worker rollers and disengaging said toothed wheels from said worker rollers, and a chain meshing with said toothed wheels and connected with said driving means.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 493,549 3/1893 Grosselin 26-35 FOREIGN PATENTS 3,536 1897 Great Britain. 611,001 10/1948 Great Britain. 483,132 9/1929 Germany. 312,498 5/1929 Great Britain. 880,018 10/1961 Great Britain.

ROBERT R. MACKEY, Prmaiy Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A TEAZING MACHINE COMPRISING A ROTARY SHAFT, A DRUM CARRIED BY SAID SHAFT, A PLURALITY OF WORKER ROLLERS ROTATABLY MOUNTED ON THE PERIPHERY OF SAID DRUM, TRANSMISSION MEANS INCLUDING MEANS ON EACH OF SAID ROLLERS COOPERATING THEREWITH CONNECTED WITH SLIPPING TO EACH OF SAID WORKER ROLLERS, OTHER NON-SLIP TRANSMISSION MEANS INCLUDING OTHER MEANS ON EACH OF SAID ROLLERS COOPERATING THEREWITH REMOVABLY CONNECTED TO EACH OF SAID WORKER ROLLERS AND MEANS DRIVING SAID TWO TRANSMISSION MEANS.

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