US3389429A - Spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Spinning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3389429A
US3389429A US579151A US57915166A US3389429A US 3389429 A US3389429 A US 3389429A US 579151 A US579151 A US 579151A US 57915166 A US57915166 A US 57915166A US 3389429 A US3389429 A US 3389429A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
spinning
plenum
spinneret
chamber
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US579151A
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English (en)
Inventor
Montgomery Everett Gray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Allied Corp
Uniroyal Goodrich Tire Co
Original Assignee
Allied Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allied Chemical Corp filed Critical Allied Chemical Corp
Priority to US579151A priority Critical patent/US3389429A/en
Priority to BE703836D priority patent/BE703836A/xx
Priority to FR120879A priority patent/FR1538834A/fr
Priority to DE19671660186 priority patent/DE1660186A1/de
Priority to GB41858/67A priority patent/GB1134145A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3389429A publication Critical patent/US3389429A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to UNIROYAL GOODRICH TIRE COMPANY, THE, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP reassignment UNIROYAL GOODRICH TIRE COMPANY, THE, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: B.F. GOODRICH COMPANY, THE
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys

Definitions

  • Volatile materials such as monomer and oligomer vapors are removed from the vicinity of a spinneret employed for filament extrusion in an improved manner through the use of a frusto-conical bafile element having the smaller circumference end positioned from to /2 inch from the spinneret whereby the flow of gas employed to remove the volatile materials is conveyed in equal distribution in the immediate vicinity of the filament extrusion and withdrawn through the space between said spinneret and said frusto-conical element adjacent to the spinneret face and downwardly through an intermediate chamber before being discharged into a plenum chamber maintained at a pressure lower than in the spinning chamber to facilitate the removal of said gas and volatile materials without creating a turbulent environment in the area of filament extrusion.
  • This invention relates to spinning apparatus for manufacture of filaments and fibers.
  • a suggested expedient for solving this problem includes the use of aspiration means for continuously removing volatilized monomer from the region near the spinneret.
  • aspiration means for continuously removing volatilized monomer from the region near the spinneret.
  • a fiber-producing apparatus comprising a spinning chamber; a horizontal multi-orifice spinneret disposed in the top of said spinning chamber, aspiration means disposed around the upper end of said spinning chamber in communication with said chamber via channels piercing the walls therebetween, said aspiration means including a plenum and an exhaust port for discharging a gas from said plenum, and gas inlet means for introducing a gas into said chamber.
  • a pressure drop is imposed between the spinning chamber and the plenum atmosphere to create gas flow from the chamber through the channels, into and through the plenum, and out the exhaust port or ports.
  • a baffie element having the shape of a conical section, the lower end of which extends to a point beneath the inlet channels of the plenum.
  • the temperature of the polymer be in the range of 250 C. to 290 C. and the polymer is extruded in contact with inert cooling gas or vapor in the spinning chamber at a jet velocity usually in the range between 10 and 40 yards per minute.
  • a lower pressure is maintained in the plenum than in the chamber with a variation of pressure of less than 0.5 inch of water throughout the volume of the plenum, the flow rate of gas from the spinning chamber into and through the plenum being maintained between 1 and 20 cubic feet per minute for a chamber about one foot in diameter and being at substantially equal volumetric flow rate at all points along the circumference of the bafile separating the spinning chamber from the plenum.
  • the cooling gas enters the spinning chamber through inlets in the walls thereof having a highest level at 1 below the bottom A of the baflle.
  • a minor portion, say 20% or less, of the entering gas is drawn upward from the inlet, and a major portion of the entering gas flows downward in the spinning chamber below the inlet, and exits below the inlets.
  • the spinning apparatus of my invention have a counter-current cooling gas flow distance, i.e., the distance between the spinneret and the uppermost cool air inlet at least equal to the distance between outermost orifices and preferably between 10 and 20- inches.
  • a vertical spinning chamber 1 is defined by cylindrical Wall 2 and a horizontally disposed spinneret 4 having a multiplicity of orifices 6.
  • Aspiration means at the upper end of the spinning chamber includes a plenum 8 surrounding the chamber and provided with exhaust port 10 which is connected to a vacuum or other suitable means (not shown) for withdrawing gas.
  • Inlet channels 14 having inlet point E form a horizontal ring communicating through the inner wall of the plenum 8 with the gaseous atmosphere of the spinning chamber.
  • a bafiie element 16 having a vertically extending lip 18 is positioned beneath the orifices 6 of the spinneret about inch from the bottom of the spinneret plate 4. Bars 20 positioned on the upper ridge of baffie element 16 insure that the bafiie element is maintained at a constant distance over its top from the bottom of the spinneret plate 4.
  • the bafiie element 16 without the lip 18 has a conical configuration and is joined near its bottom to plate 42 disposed beneath the bottom of plenum 8 and inlet channels 14. This baffle extends clear of the inner plenum wall and downward past the inlet channels 14 of the plenum.
  • Cooling gas inlets 22 in the walls of the spinning chamber are provided for the entrance of cooling gas into the spinning chamber.
  • the top-most of these inlets is positioned in line with point I. Best results are generally obtaned when the top-most cooling gas inlets are at a critical distance below the bottom of the spinneret plate 4, orifices 6 which distance is designated the countercurrent cooling gas flow distance and is at least equal to the maximum distance between outermost orifices 6 and preferably between and inches.
  • the cooling air or other suitable gas enters a manifold inlet 24, travels around the spinning chamber, travels up a bellows element 26 and then passes through the cooling gas inlets 22 to be in contacting relationship with the freshly spun fibers 28, as shown by dot and dash lines.
  • the bellows 26 is affixed to a support member 29 forming a bottom ear the cylindrical wall 2 of the vertical spinning chamber and having a U shape.
  • the plenum 8 is suspended via a vertical bar 30 within groove 34 containing liquid sealant 32. Groove 34 is positioned in block 36 which constitutes a portion of the cylinder of the vertical spinning chamber 1.
  • the bafiie element 16 is held in place using ears 20 in combination with spring screws 38 which pass through horizontal ring 40 and have heads 43 which bear against annular skirt 42, which is joined to element 16 and forms a part of the baffie.
  • the skirt 42 is immersed in a liquid sealant such as Woods metal.
  • An outlet (not shown) for the cooling gas which descends in the vertical spinning chamber is provided below the manifold inlet 24.
  • the plenum should be maintained at a sufficiently elevated temperature to minimize accumulation of condensible material therein.
  • the baffle element of conical section shape is preferably non-porous and has a rigid construction. It is positioned from the bottom of horizontal spinneret 4 having orifices 6 fixed at a distance of at least & but no more than about /2. It extends beneath inlet channels 14 so that the aspiration means will not adversely affect the freshly spun filaments exiting from the spinneret orifices
  • the inlet channels to the plenum are preferably numerous holes of relatively small size. Usually they are circular, but narrow slits can be used. These channels provide a pressure differential of about 0.05" to about 10 of water between spinning chamber atmosphere and plenum.
  • the plenum is so sized and the channels leading thereto and exhaust port leading therefrom are so sized and spaced as to maintain this pressure differential substantially uniformly within about 0.5" water throughout the plenum volume, and maintained volumetric rate of gas flow which are substantially equal through all successive areas of the wall separating the spinning chamber and the plenum.
  • the plenum cross sectional area suitable will exceed by several fold, the total cross-sectional area of the inlet channels whereby the linear rate of fiow of gas throughout the plenum will be approximately /2 of that through the channels.
  • the channels can then be all of the same size and spaced uniformly and at a single level around the plenum and will then provide a uniform pressure throughout the plenum Sit) volume and equal volumetric rate and flow of gas into all areas around the plenum.
  • the exhaust port or ports will usually be sized with a view to avoid pressure gradients in the plenum; accordingly, they will have relatively large cross-sectional areas.
  • the channels are evenly sized and spaced and all at the same level, they can be of different sizes and spacing and at different levels as long as equal volumetric gas flow rates through each suitable area of the plenum are obtained.
  • the freshly spun or extruded filaments 28 emanating from orifices 6 undergo solidification starting in the region of the aspiration means under the influence of a counter-current flow of the inert gas or vapor entering through manifold inlet 24, the air flow then passes up within bellows 26 through cooling gas inlets 22 and up within the baffle element 16.
  • the counter-current flow of inert gas constitutes only a minor part or portion of the total fiow of gas entering the chamber through cooling gas inlets 22. Most of the gas entering through cooling gas inlets 22 passes cocurrent with the freshly spun filament and exists through a gas outlet (not shown).
  • the gas passing counter-current the fiow of filament passes up through or within bathe element 16 over bafile element 16 in the say inch headspace above the lip 18 then passes down on the outside of bafiie element 16 toward inlet channels 14.
  • the gas passes then out inlet channels 14 into plenum 8 and is withdrawn through exhaust port 10.
  • This flow of gas carries with it through inlet channels 14 volatized monomer given off by the molten freshly extruded filament in the upper region of the spinning chamber.
  • the filaments further solidify and cool in the lower part of the spinning chamber, below the cooling gas inlets 22.
  • inert gas is drawn into the cooling gas inlets 22 and thence upwardly through the chamber, the rate of gas flow depending upon stack size, yarn type, desired physicals etc., and then through inlet channel 14 after passing around baffle element 16 and lip 18; through the plenum 8 and through the exhaust port 10 to a vacuum pump, Water aspirator or analogous means, not shown, for propelling or transporting gas.
  • the major portion of the entering inert gas up to say about thereof, descends in the spinning chamber co-current with the filament and is withdrawn at the bottom of the spinning chamber.
  • bafiie having a conical section and disposed between ,4 and /2 inch beneath the spinneret plate facilitates removal of monomer vapor at the face of the spinneret and reduces air turbulence at the conditioning zone of the stack between the spinneret and the cooling gas flowing upwards.
  • My bafiie element contributes significantly to smooth spinning operations under these conditions whereby uniformly high quality filaments are obtained without interadhesion.
  • coupling means associated with the chamber wall may preferably be located between the aspiration means, although in some embodiments the coupling means may desirably be positioned above the aspirator means.
  • the coupling means shown in the accompanying drawing utilizing a spring screw 38 having screw head 43 bearing against horizontal bafile skirt 42, nuts 39 and horizontal ring 40 has been found to be quite suitable for affixing the bafile element into place. Bars 20 insure a slight head space between the uppermost rim or lip 18 of baffle element 16 and the bottom of the horizontal spinneret 4.
  • Coupling means for the aspiration means must provide an effective air-tight seal so as to prevent extraneous air from entering the spinning chamber.
  • Preferred coupling means should include a deformable, resilient member which can conform the geometrical requirements of the two coupling entities, thereby providing a rapid-acting tight seal which will retain its effectiveness even after many coupling cycles.
  • Specific resilient members include elastomeric O-rings, gaskets and troughs of non-volatile liquids for molten metal e.g., Woods metal into Which one of the coupling members becomes immersed to form an air-tight seal.
  • Example Employing a spinning apparatus essentially as represented in the accompanying drawing, a polycaproamide polymer having a Formic Acid Relative Viscosity of 45 (as determined by ASTM procedure D-789-53T) and volatiles content of about 1%-3% by weight, was extruded at a temperature of 262 C. and at a jet velocity of about 20-35 feet per minute through a stainless steel spinneret containing 136 round orifices each of 0.018 inch diameter, radially arranged.
  • the spinning chamber into which the filaments were extruded was about 22 feet long and 9 inches in diameter. It was supplied with 41 cubic feet per minute of air at 82 F.
  • the plenum 8 as shown in the accompanying drawing, was pierced by circular channels each about inch in diameter and A inch long, uniformly set in a ring having a diameter of about one foot.
  • a pressure differential as against the atmosphere of the spinning chamber of 0.6 inch of water was maintained throughout the volume of plenum 8 by means of a vacuum pump acting through a condenser for recovery of monomer and communicating with the plenum through exhaust port 10.
  • the volumetric flow rate through the plenum to the exhaust pump was not more than 8 cubic feet per minute, less than /5 of the total air, the remainder of the air exiting at the bottom of the chamber where the filament emerged.
  • a filament producing apparatus comprising a vertical spinning chamber, a horizontal multiorificc spinnerct forming the top of said spinning chamber, means including a plenum around the upper end of said spinning chamber and in communication with said spinning chamber via inlet channels piercing the wall therebetween for withdrawing gas from said spinning chamber, a frusto-conical bafile element surrounding the area of travel of filaments from said spinneret and having its smaller circumference substantially above said channels and spaced to /2 inch from the said spinneret and in proximity to the outermost orifices and its larger circumference disposed below said inlet channel to said plenum, and a cooling gas inlet to said chamber disposed below said larger circumference so as to avoid inlet turbulence in the vicinity of the spinneret face.
  • a filament-producing apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said cooling gas inlet is disposed at a distance below said spinneret between 10 and 20 inches.
  • a filament-producing apparatus wherein said inlet channels piercing the wall of the plenum are in the form of small holes sized to maintain pressure differential in the range between about 0.05 and 10" water between the spinning chamber atmosphere and the plenum when gas is being exhausted from the plenum, and wherein said holes are spaced to maintain volumetric rate of gas flow which is substantially equal :at all points along the circumference of the baffle.
  • a filament-producing apparatus wherein the smaller circumference of the frusto-conical baffle element is a vertically extending lip spaced about inch from the horizontal multi-orifice spinneret forming the top of the spinning chamber to provide an outlet from the spinning chamber adjacent to said spinneret.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US579151A 1966-09-13 1966-09-13 Spinning apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3389429A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US579151A US3389429A (en) 1966-09-13 1966-09-13 Spinning apparatus
BE703836D BE703836A (xx) 1966-09-13 1967-09-13
FR120879A FR1538834A (fr) 1966-09-13 1967-09-13 Appareil perfectionné pour filer des filaments et fibres et procédé pour les obtenir
DE19671660186 DE1660186A1 (de) 1966-09-13 1967-09-13 Spinnvorrichtung
GB41858/67A GB1134145A (en) 1966-09-13 1967-09-13 Spinning apparatus for the manufacture of filaments and fibres

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US579151A US3389429A (en) 1966-09-13 1966-09-13 Spinning apparatus

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Publication Number Publication Date
US3389429A true US3389429A (en) 1968-06-25

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US579151A Expired - Lifetime US3389429A (en) 1966-09-13 1966-09-13 Spinning apparatus

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US (1) US3389429A (xx)
BE (1) BE703836A (xx)
DE (1) DE1660186A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1134145A (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489832A (en) * 1967-04-28 1970-01-13 Allied Chem Continuous spinning and drawing of polycaproamide yarn
US3619452A (en) * 1969-03-07 1971-11-09 Allied Chem Filament quenching apparatus and process
US3872870A (en) * 1972-12-21 1975-03-25 Tamag Basel Ag Process for shaping a pulp, mash or slurry into smokable fibers
EP0046571A2 (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-03 Badische Corporation Chip - free staple fiber process
CN111676529A (zh) * 2020-05-20 2020-09-18 湖南盛锦新材料有限公司 应用于熔喷料生产的抽真空冷却设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113089152B (zh) * 2021-04-06 2022-11-22 军事科学院系统工程研究院军需工程技术研究所 一种原位聚合阻燃锦纶66全牵伸丝的高质高效生产方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814468A (en) * 1927-05-23 1931-07-14 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for the production of artificial filaments or threads
US2763891A (en) * 1951-11-21 1956-09-25 Celanese Corp Spinning apparatus
US3257487A (en) * 1963-03-04 1966-06-21 Allied Chem Melt spinning of epsilon-polycaproamide filament
US3271818A (en) * 1965-03-17 1966-09-13 Du Pont Quenching apparatus
US3313001A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-04-11 Midland Ross Corp Melt spinning apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814468A (en) * 1927-05-23 1931-07-14 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for the production of artificial filaments or threads
US2763891A (en) * 1951-11-21 1956-09-25 Celanese Corp Spinning apparatus
US3257487A (en) * 1963-03-04 1966-06-21 Allied Chem Melt spinning of epsilon-polycaproamide filament
US3271818A (en) * 1965-03-17 1966-09-13 Du Pont Quenching apparatus
US3313001A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-04-11 Midland Ross Corp Melt spinning apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3489832A (en) * 1967-04-28 1970-01-13 Allied Chem Continuous spinning and drawing of polycaproamide yarn
US3619452A (en) * 1969-03-07 1971-11-09 Allied Chem Filament quenching apparatus and process
US3872870A (en) * 1972-12-21 1975-03-25 Tamag Basel Ag Process for shaping a pulp, mash or slurry into smokable fibers
EP0046571A2 (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-03 Badische Corporation Chip - free staple fiber process
EP0046571A3 (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-10 Badische Corporation Chip - free staple fiber process
CN111676529A (zh) * 2020-05-20 2020-09-18 湖南盛锦新材料有限公司 应用于熔喷料生产的抽真空冷却设备
CN111676529B (zh) * 2020-05-20 2022-03-29 湖南盛锦新材料有限公司 应用于熔喷料生产的抽真空冷却设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1134145A (en) 1968-11-20
BE703836A (xx) 1968-02-01
DE1660186A1 (de) 1972-08-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: UNIROYAL GOODRICH TIRE COMPANY, THE, 600 SOUTH MAI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:B.F. GOODRICH COMPANY, THE;REEL/FRAME:004618/0798

Effective date: 19860801