US3387450A - Production of yarn - Google Patents

Production of yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3387450A
US3387450A US582643A US58264366A US3387450A US 3387450 A US3387450 A US 3387450A US 582643 A US582643 A US 582643A US 58264366 A US58264366 A US 58264366A US 3387450 A US3387450 A US 3387450A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
core
twist
inch
fabric
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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US582643A
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English (en)
Inventor
Brown Thomas Desmond
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IWS Nominee Co Ltd
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IWS Nominee Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of US3387450A publication Critical patent/US3387450A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/367—Cored or coated yarns or threads using a drawing frame
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics

Definitions

  • a textile yarn is produced by drafting and spinning a cover strand around a core strand such that the twist in the core strand is greater than the twist in the cover strand whereby when the yarn is relaxed the high twist core contracts and the yarn bulks.
  • the strands can be made of the same or different materials, although the cover strands are preferably made partly or wholly of wool fibres.
  • the invention provides a method for the production of such a complex yarn from staple fibres, the method comprising drafting and spinning at least one cover strand directly round a core strand to produce a yarn in which the twist in the core strand is greater than the twist in the cover strand.
  • the already spun core strand having relatively high twist is fed through the front rollers of a conventional spinning frame while a roving is fed through the back and front rollers and is drafted and thereafter spun round the core.
  • the twist in the core and in the cover strands may be varied, as may the relative thickness of the core and covering components, according to the effect required.
  • the amount of twist in the core strand can be varied between wide limits, for example, from '10 to 80 turns per inch, and preferably from '30 to 50 turns. An even larger number of turns may also be used with advantage, depending upon the material forming the strand.
  • the extent of twist in the cover strand can also be varied, although Within narrower limits.
  • the cover strand should have as little twist as possible, that is to say, from -0 to turns per inch, but as many as turns can sometimes be present.
  • the extent of such twist should, nevertheless, always be substantially less than that of the core strand, and preferably at least .10 turns per inch less.
  • the desired complex yarn can he arrived at in different Ways.
  • a cover strand of the required twist can be initially spun round a core strand also of required twist.
  • a cover strand of known initial twist can be spun round with a core strand also of known initial twist and the resulting complex yarn can then be twisted in a direction which results in both the core and the ice cover strands requiring a tfinal and desired degree of twist.
  • This method can be employed conveniently in the manufacture of a complex yarn of zero or low twist, for which purpose a complex yarn is first made in which both the core and the cover strands have a known twist. This yarn is then twisted in a direction opposed to the direction of twist of the cover strand until all or most of the twist in the latter has been removed.
  • the complex yarn of the present invention is in the production of fabrics which combine high stretch qualities with considerable softness. This contrasts with the harsh handle of stretch fabrics produced from conventional high twist yarns.
  • the fabrics can be produced in different ways, for example, the corespun yarns can be converted into a fabric which is thereafter relaxed or, alternatively, the yarn is first relaxed and then converted into the fabric. In general, the first method is to be preferred because of the greater ease in knitting or weaving a yarn before it has acquired its highly stretchable qualities.
  • the present complex yarns can be present in woven fabrics both as warp and weft threads although in preferred woven fabrics conventional threads are used in the warp direction and the complex yarns provide the weft threads.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of one example of a spinning frame employed in the production of a corespun yarn
  • FIGURE 2 is a diagrammatic section of the resulting yarn.
  • two rovings are fed from bobbins 11 through a guide 12 to the back rollers 13 of the frame and are drawn thence between the carriers 14 and tumblers 15 of the drafting zone to the front rollers 16.
  • a previously spun core yarn is drawn from a bobbin 17 between the last pair of carrier and tumbler in front of which a pin 18 is placed to serve as a guide, and thence through the front rollers.
  • the guide pin keeps the core yarn in a central position between the rovings so that it is completely covered by them at the spinning stage; in the absence of this pin, there is a tendency for the core yarn to wrap round one of the rovings preferentially.
  • the drafted rovings are then spun round the core yarn on insertion of the twist at the ring 19 to form the complex core-spun yarn, which is taken up on the bobbin 20.
  • the resulting yarn has the structure shown in FIG- URE 2, where a central core strand 22 is surrounded by the fibres 23 of the surrounding cover strands.
  • Example 1 A single core-spun yarn was produced from 1/ 36s worsted, 21 turns/ inch, Z twist. This was fed as a core into the front roller of a spinning frame and a '1/3 6s worsted yarn spun round it with 2 1 turns/inch. This was woven as weft across a fabric with a warp consisting of 2/40s worsted, 48 ends/inch. The fabric was then relaxed in water, and shrunk approximately 19% in the weft direction. When dry, the fabric was found to stretch approximately 20% under a load of 500 g./cm. of width, and to recover almost immediately to the original dimensions when the load was removed.
  • Example 2 A bulked or stretch yarn was produced by spinning two ends of a l2-drams per 40 yd. worsted roving round a central highly twisted yarn consisting of l/18s worsted, 40 turns/inch Z twist, using a draft, (that is, the ratio of the superficial speed of the front roller to that of the back roller) of 11 and a twist of 5 turns/inch in the spinning process. The core yarn was then 3-p1ied, using 2% turns/inch, S twist in the folding. The yarn was wound into hank and relaxed in water. This produced a highly bulked and extensible yarn.
  • Example 3 A number of fabrics having respectively 44 and 48 ends/inch were plain woven from complex yarns of woollen staple fibres. In producing the complex yarns, the spinning was canried out in such a direction that the twist in the core strand increased by the same amount as the twist introduced into the cover strand. After the fabrics had been made they were relaxed by steeping them in water containing 1% by weight of a wetting agent and having a temperature of 40 C. The fabrics were then dried and found to have very soft handle and excellent stretch properties when tested according to the method described below.
  • the resultant core-spun yarn was woven as weft with 58 picks/inch across a warp consisting of 2/ 36s worsted, 48 ends/inch using a 2/ 2 twill weave.
  • the [fabric was then relaxed in water containing 1 g./lit-re wetting agent, scoured in a non-ionic detergent, and dried in a relaxed condition. After drying the fabric was found to have an extension of 19.5% when tested under a load of 500 g./-cm. of width and a reversible contraction on wetting of 2.3%.
  • the core-spun yarn fabric was fiat set after scouring by padding in monoethanolamine sesquisulphite to give 2% by weight of the reagent on the fabric.
  • the fabric was then wound between layers of cotton wrapper on to a perforated cylinder and steam blown through for 5 minutes. After drying free from tension, the fabric was found to extend 24.6% under a load of 500 g./om. of width and display a reversible expansion on wetting of 0.8%.
  • the resultant corespun yarn was woven as weft with 58 picks/inch across a wan-p consisting of 2/36s worsted, 44 ends/ inch using a 2/ 2 twill weave.
  • the core-spun yarn fabrics was flat set after scouring by padding in monoethanolamine sesquisulphite to :give 2% by weight of the reagent on the fabric, and steaming for 5 minutes. After drying free from tension, the fabric was found to extend 21.1% under a load of 500 g./cm. of width and display a reversible expansion on wetting of 2.2%.
  • a process of making a bulked yarn which comprises the steps of: providing a twisted core strand of textile fibers; drafting an untwisted roving of staple fibers; bringing together said core strand and said untwisted roving; twisting together said roving and said core to form a complex yarn in which said roving provides a cover for said core, said .core having an amount of twist which is greater than said cover; and treating said complex yarn with moisture to relax said yarn and thereby to cause longitudinal contraction of said core and consequent bulking of said cover.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US582643A 1965-10-01 1966-09-28 Production of yarn Expired - Lifetime US3387450A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB41830/65A GB1159383A (en) 1965-10-01 1965-10-01 Production of Yarn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3387450A true US3387450A (en) 1968-06-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US582643A Expired - Lifetime US3387450A (en) 1965-10-01 1966-09-28 Production of yarn

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3387450A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE687758A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH459835A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1159383A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL6613872A (en:Method)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495393A (en) * 1967-03-08 1970-02-17 Teijin Ltd Non- or low-stretch composite yarn of super high bulk
US3631666A (en) * 1970-01-15 1972-01-04 Hercules Inc Method of preparing blended yarns
US4263777A (en) * 1978-12-15 1981-04-28 Teijin Limited Multi-layered bulky spun yarn and a process for manufacturing the same

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2040518A (en) * 1934-04-18 1936-05-12 Lewis Nathan Yarn and method of making the same
GB461931A (en) * 1935-12-06 1937-02-26 Us Rubber Prod Inc Improvements in elastic yarn and process of making the same
US2076272A (en) * 1935-09-30 1937-04-06 Harris Textile Machinery Corp Elastic cord
GB542313A (en) * 1940-11-13 1942-01-02 Us Rubber Co Improvements in method of making elastic yarn
US2313058A (en) * 1941-07-17 1943-03-09 Sylvania Ind Corp Textile product and method of making the same
US2575753A (en) * 1948-12-29 1951-11-20 Us Rubber Co Method of producing chenillelike yarn
US2656585A (en) * 1948-04-13 1953-10-27 Neisler Mills Inc Plied yarn and plied yarn fabric and method of making same
US2936569A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-05-17 Sellers Mfg Company Inc Composite stretch yarn and fabric and processes of producing same
US3011302A (en) * 1958-06-04 1961-12-05 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and method of making same
US3153316A (en) * 1958-07-15 1964-10-20 Celanese Corp Bulky yarn and method of producing the yarn
US3315328A (en) * 1963-08-05 1967-04-25 Du Pont Process for preparing fabrics

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2040518A (en) * 1934-04-18 1936-05-12 Lewis Nathan Yarn and method of making the same
US2076272A (en) * 1935-09-30 1937-04-06 Harris Textile Machinery Corp Elastic cord
GB461931A (en) * 1935-12-06 1937-02-26 Us Rubber Prod Inc Improvements in elastic yarn and process of making the same
GB542313A (en) * 1940-11-13 1942-01-02 Us Rubber Co Improvements in method of making elastic yarn
US2313058A (en) * 1941-07-17 1943-03-09 Sylvania Ind Corp Textile product and method of making the same
US2656585A (en) * 1948-04-13 1953-10-27 Neisler Mills Inc Plied yarn and plied yarn fabric and method of making same
US2575753A (en) * 1948-12-29 1951-11-20 Us Rubber Co Method of producing chenillelike yarn
US2936569A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-05-17 Sellers Mfg Company Inc Composite stretch yarn and fabric and processes of producing same
US3011302A (en) * 1958-06-04 1961-12-05 Us Rubber Co Elastic yarn and method of making same
US3153316A (en) * 1958-07-15 1964-10-20 Celanese Corp Bulky yarn and method of producing the yarn
US3315328A (en) * 1963-08-05 1967-04-25 Du Pont Process for preparing fabrics

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495393A (en) * 1967-03-08 1970-02-17 Teijin Ltd Non- or low-stretch composite yarn of super high bulk
US3631666A (en) * 1970-01-15 1972-01-04 Hercules Inc Method of preparing blended yarns
US4263777A (en) * 1978-12-15 1981-04-28 Teijin Limited Multi-layered bulky spun yarn and a process for manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1159383A (en) 1969-07-23
NL6613872A (en:Method) 1967-04-03
CH459835A (de) 1968-07-15
BE687758A (en:Method) 1967-03-16

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