US3380409A

US3380409A - Air-cooled wall construction for incinerators

Info

Publication number: US3380409A
Application number: US557311A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arnold R Olsen
Original assignee: Dresser Industries Inc
Current assignee: Dresser Industries Inc
Priority date: 1966-06-13
Filing date: 1966-06-13
Publication date: 1968-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 1985-04-30

Description

A. R. OLSEN April 30, 1968 AIR-COOLED WALL CONSTRUCTION FOR INCINERATORS Filed June 13, 1966 Y h d a 2 m J a T w I/ M a (a m x 4% J1 6 4 w I M t k M J W A w {1i United States Patent 3,380,409 AIR-COOLED WALL CONSTRUCTION FOR INCINERATORS Arnold R. Olsen, Brooklyn, N.Y., assignor to Dresser Industries, Inc., Dallas, Tex., a corporation of Delaware Filed June 13, 1966, Ser. No. 557,311

9 Claims. (Cl. 110-56) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The present invention relates to air cooled wall construction for use in incinerators. The construction consists of an outer wall, structural members vertically secured to the interior of the wall, for example, I-beams, and a refractory wall composed of multiple courses of cylindrical refractory tile aligned vertically to provide continuous air passages through the courses and air inlet means for the air passages.

Many of the present day municipal incinerators employ a storage pit, bridge crane and grab bucket for the charging of refuse into the furnaces. The major distinction between types of furnaces is that some are batch fed and others employ a continuous feed.

.The batch fed furnaces usually do not exceed 150 tons per day capacity. These employ a hydraulically or electric motor driven charging gate positioned over the roof of the furnace and are further divided, usually into circular grate or rectangular grate furnaces. End furnace charging is used in some industrial and municipal rectangular grate furnaces.

0n incinerators handling above 50 tons of refuse per day, there is increasing tendency to use furnaces of the continuous feed type. The improvements in refractory;

and in the furnace equipment are making it possible in many cases to depend on single unit installation. Types of continuous feed furnaces are the traveling grate, the reciprocating grate plus rotary kiln type and the continuous or constant flow types using sections of reciprocating or rocking grates with vertical offset between sections.

In either type of incinerator construction, the vessel may be characterized as consisting of an outer metal shell or structural support member having a refractory lining or enclosure adjacent thereto. The refractory enclosures are a vulnerable part of the incinerator unit. They must tolerate the high temperatures required for complete combustion and withstand the operating conditions of abrasion, slag erosion, flame impingement and thermal shock. Therefore, it is apparent that this important part of the unit demands in its engineering design a proper coordination of layout, structure, and materials to provide a long life at low cost.

It is among the objects of the present invention to provide an air cooled wall construction for incinerators.

Other objects of the invention will in part appear hereinafter.

In order to more fully understand the nature and objects of the present invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description and drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view of a portion of a typical continuous feed incinerator;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an air cooled wall construction according to the teachings of the invention; and

FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a wall construction.

Briefly, according to one embodiment of the present invention there is provided an air cooled wall construction for use in refuse and waste incinerators. Among other things, the construction comprises an outer shell (which may "be composed of metal, masonry, asbestos,

etc.) to which there are secured a plurality of structural members at spaced intervals. The structural members may be characterized generally as having opposed flanges separated by a connecting bar. Preferably, the connecting bar is intergral with the flanges. One of the flanges is contiguous with the shell and the opposed flange projects therefrom in a vertical direction. A refractory wall fabricated of a plurality of courses of hollow refract ry tile extend vertically, adjacent the shell and spaced therefrom. A suitable insulating material, if desired, may be lodged between the wall and a metal shell. Certain of the courses of tile envelop the projecting flanges while the remainder of the courses are disposed between the enveloping tile to provide a unitary wall construction. The hollow tile in each course are aligned to provide a plurality of independent, vertical passages in the wall.

Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates the typical traveling grate type incinerator. The drawing shows a charging hopper 12 and a chute 14. The chute from the charging hopper to the roof of the furnace is usually about 15 feet in height. The charging hopper can be the same width as the grate if desired or can taper as is shown in the illustration. The chute is kept filled with refuse and acts as an effective draft seal. The inclined ignition or traveling grate 16 takes the refuse away from the charging hopper. The radiant heat from the furnace walls 18 causes a rapid ignition of the waste. The burning material cascades off the end of this first grate 16 onto the horizontal traveling or burning grate 20 which, operating at a faster speed, transport the material towards the ash dump 22. The speed of the grate is regulated to have as complete a 'burn out of the material as practicable before reaching the residue disposal trough (not shown). Provisions are made for stoking in this type of furnace, although less st-oking is required than with batch fed furnaces. Air is supplied for combustion through the burning grate and through the furnace walls, for example, through

ports

24 and 26.

Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a preferred air cooled wall construction. The construction consists of an outer metal shell 30 with a plurality of courses of refractory tile 32 spaced therefrom. On the interior of the shell there are secured, as by welding, a plurality of aligned and equidistantly spaced structural I-beams 34. One flange 36 of the I-beam is contiguous with the shell and the opposed flange 38 projects therefrom. The courses of tileencompassing the projecting flange consists of a plurality of pairs of generally C-shaped tile 40. Each of these tile contains an outer lip 42 arranged to contact a similar lip of the other tile in the pair, and an inner lip 44 arranged to be in juxtaposition to the bar 46 of the I-beam connecting the flanges. The remainder of the courses of tile consist of generally O-shaped tile 48.

It is preferred that the wall consist of alternate courses of these C-shaped tile pairs and the O-shaped tile. However, more than one course of O-shaped tile may be interposed between the pairs of C-shaped tile, depending on the spacing of the structural members. It is also preferred that the refractory tile contain interlocking means, such as the tongues 50 shown on the C-shaped tile and the mating grooves 52 indicated on the O-shaped tile. Other forms of interlocking means, well known to those skilled in the art, may be employed within the scope of the present invention.

The courses of tile are vertically integrally aligned to provide a unitary wall construction. The hollow tile in each course are aligned to provide a plurality of independent, vertical, passages in the wall.

At the bottom of the wall construction, shown in FIG. 3, the lowermost tie in each course is supported on a refractory skew shape 54 on one side, and an L-shaped structural bar 56 welded to the inner periphery of the porjecting flange 38. Disposed below the wall is a common conduit 58, i.e., a U-shaped channel member, which opens into all of the independent vertical passages.

Thus, during the operation of the furnace or incinerator, a positive flow of air caused by some mechanical means, such as, a fan, could be piped into the common conduit and would pass behind the refractory tile faces and could be collected in a larger system than that furnishing the air to allow for expansion and then could be vented into the furnace as underfire air or utilized in a heating system or exhausted to the atmosphere. The supporting structural members also would be air cooled in this operation.

While the invention has been described with regard to particular embodiments and examples, it should be understood that modification, substitutions and the like may be made therein without departing from its scope.

Having thus described the invention in detail and with suflicient particularly as to enable those skilled in the art to practice it, what is desired to have protected by Letter Patent is set forth in the following claims.

I claim:

1. An air cooled wall construction suitable for use in refuse and waste incinerators comprising an outer shell, a plurality of structural members vertically secured to the shell at spaced intervals, each structural member extending substantially from the top to the bottom thereof, said structural members being characterized as having opposed flanges separated by a connecting bar, one of said flanges being contiguous with the shell and the opposed flange being spaced therefrom, a refractory wall fabricated of a plurality of courses of hollow refractory tile aligned vertically to form continuous air passages through said courses from substantially the top to the bottom thereof, said courses being located adjacent said shell and spaced therefrom, certain of said tile enveloping and enclosing said spaced flanges within said air passages, the remainder of said courses of tile being disposed between said enveloping tile to provide a unitary wall construction, and an air inlet means for said air passages.

2. The construction of claim 1 in which said structural members 'are I-beams.

3. The construction of claim 1 in which said structural members are substantially equidistantly spaced.

4. The construction of claim 1 in which said certain courses of tile consist of a plurality of pairs of generally C-shaped tile, each of said tile having an outer lip arranged to contact a similar lip of the other tile in said pairs and an inner lip arranged to be in juxtaposition to the bar of said structural member when said pair of tile envelop said projecting flange of the structural member.

5. The construction of claim 1 in which the remainder of said courses of tile consist of generally O-shaped tile.

6. The construction of claim 1 in which said wall contains alternate courses of C-shaped tile pairs and O-shapcd tile.

7. The construction of claim 1 which contains in addition, means for interlocking said tile in adjacent courses.

8. The construction of claim 1 which contains in addition a common conduit disposed below said tile wall construction, said common conduit opening into all of said independent vertical passages.

9. The construction of claim 8 in which the common conduit is a U-shaped channel member.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,109,553 9/1914 Slick. 1,501,563 6/ 1924 Lawrence. 1,622,431 3/1927 Feigerbaum -1 X 2,114,960 4/1938 Beal 1101 2,769,410 11/1956 Over 110-1 2,915,877 12/1959 Darling 110-1 1,701,287 2/1929 Waite et al. 110-1A XR FOREIGN PATENTS 60,077 8/1942 Denmark. 422,025 1/1935 Great Britain.

FREDERICK L. MATTESON, 111., Primary Examiner.

H. B. RAMEY, Assistant Examiner.