US3379929A - D.c. circuit breaker device including one or more auxiliary anodes - Google Patents

D.c. circuit breaker device including one or more auxiliary anodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3379929A
US3379929A US552790A US55279066A US3379929A US 3379929 A US3379929 A US 3379929A US 552790 A US552790 A US 552790A US 55279066 A US55279066 A US 55279066A US 3379929 A US3379929 A US 3379929A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
auxiliary electrode
circuit
current
resistor
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US552790A
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English (en)
Inventor
Breitholtz Bo
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
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Publication of US3379929A publication Critical patent/US3379929A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
    • H03K3/543—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a vacuum tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
    • H01J17/12—Control electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/34—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/001—Non-constructive schematic arrangements

Definitions

  • a device made in accordance with the present invention for circuit breakers for DC circuits having high voltages and great power which device comprises a discharging tube with an electron-emitting cathode connected to the negative pole of the circuit, one anode and -at least one ring-shaped auxiliary electrode arranged in the discharge path between the anode and cathode, and resistors connected between the anode and the 'auxiliary electrode nearest the anode and also between the auxiliary elec- -trodes.
  • the invention is characterized in that the discharging tube consists of a vacuum discharging tube or a gas discharging tube provided with devices for controlling the d-ischarge from a condition with low arc voltage drop to a space charging condition with high arc voltage dro-p and that the positive pole of the curcuit is connected to the auxiliary electrode situated nearest the cathode.
  • FIGURE 1 of the ⁇ accompanying drawings the main principle of the invention is shown, while FIGURE 2 shows a device having three auxiliary electrodes.
  • FIGURE 1 The embodiment of the invention shown in FIGURE 1 consists of a discharging tube 1 with a cathode 2 connected to the negative pole of the current circuit, an anode 3 and a ring-shaped auxiliary electrode 4.
  • the auxiliary electrode 4 is connected to the positive pole of the current circuit by means of a conductor 5.
  • the anode 3 is connected to the same pole across a resistor 6.
  • An electron stream emitted by the cathode is shown by the arrows 7.
  • the device operates in the following manner.
  • the electrons emitted from the cathode 2 and forming the electron current through the discharging tube pass through the ring-shape auxiliary electrode 4, meet the anode 3 and 3,379,929 Patented Apr. 23, 1968 pass through the resistor 6.
  • the voltage across the resistor generates an electric iield between the anode and the auxiliary electrode having such 'a direction that it has a retarding effect on the electrons in the electron current in the tube when they are between the anode and the auxiliary electrode.
  • the decrease in the kinetic energy of the electrons resulting from this retarding is obtained intained instead as thermal energy in the resistor 6 generated by the current ilowing through the resistor.
  • R is chosen so that R V/I no electrons will reach .the anode 3, all returning to the auxiliary electrode 4.
  • R is cho-sen so that R V/I the electrons will reach the anode with the kinetic energy e(V-Rl), which is converted to undesired heat in the anode.
  • auxiliary electrodes 8, 9 and 1() are inserted between the cathode 2 and the anode 3 in the discharge tube 1.
  • the anode is connected to a point 1'1 across 'a resistor 12 and a rst auxiliary electrode 8 is also connected to this point.
  • a resistor 14 is inserted and to this point a second auxiliary electrode 9 is connected.
  • a third connection point 15 is connected to the plus pole of the current circuit and to the third auxiliary electrode 10.
  • a third resistor 16 is inserted between 13 and 15.
  • the electron current 7 will then change from the minus pole, through the auxiliary electrode 10 into the auxiliary electrode 9 and further through the resistor 16 to the plus pole. If the voltage increases the kinetic energy of the electrons will also increase so that the electron current at least partly passes through the auxiliary electrode 9 also and reaches the auxiliary electrode 8, so that the resistor 14 will also be connected in the current circuit. From this it is clear tha-t at an increase in acceleration volt-age more and more resistors will be connected in the current circuit so that its resistance varies according to the acceleration voltage.
  • the acceleration volt-age is relatively constant, which can be achieved, for example by varying the electrode distance, but the current varies, :the heating of the anode can still be kept within reasonable bounds if the resistor 6 in FIGURE 1 or the resistors 12, 14, 16 in FIGURE 2 are of non-linear type. This means that the induced retardation voltage between the auxiliary electrodes will to a great extent be independent of the current value.
  • the number of ring-shaped auxiliary electrodes is not limited to one or three, but may be determined according to the -conditions from case to case. Further, the shown and described embodiment-s may be complemented by means for varying the electrode distance to compensate for variations in voltage.
  • Circuit breaker device for a DC circuit having high voltage and great power, which device comprises a discharging tube with an electron-emitting cathode connected to the negative pole of the circuit, one anode and at least one ring-shaped auxiliary electrode arranged in the discharge path between anode and cathode, and -a resistor connected between lthe anode and the auxiliary electrode, the positive pole of the circuit being connected to the -auxiliary electrode.
  • Circuit breaker device for a DC circuit having high voltage and great power which device comprises a discharging tube with an electron-emitting cathode connected to the negative pole of the circuit, one anode and a plurality of ring-shaped auxiliary electrodes arranged in the discharge path between anode and cathode at different distances from the cathode, a first resistor connected between the cathode and -the auxiliary electrode nearest the anode and second resistors between successive auxiliary electrodes, the posi-tive pole of the circuit being connected to the auxiliary electrode located nearest the cathode.

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  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US552790A 1965-05-26 1966-05-25 D.c. circuit breaker device including one or more auxiliary anodes Expired - Lifetime US3379929A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE6918/65A SE322570B (pt) 1965-05-26 1965-05-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3379929A true US3379929A (en) 1968-04-23

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ID=20269904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US552790A Expired - Lifetime US3379929A (en) 1965-05-26 1966-05-25 D.c. circuit breaker device including one or more auxiliary anodes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3379929A (pt)
CH (1) CH461603A (pt)
DE (1) DE1565992A1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1139344A (pt)
SE (1) SE322570B (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140268468A1 (en) * 2011-10-25 2014-09-18 Abb Technology Ag Direct current breaker and electrical power system comprising such direct current breaker

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2235497A (en) * 1934-02-24 1941-03-18 Rca Corp High frequency electron discharge device

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2235497A (en) * 1934-02-24 1941-03-18 Rca Corp High frequency electron discharge device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140268468A1 (en) * 2011-10-25 2014-09-18 Abb Technology Ag Direct current breaker and electrical power system comprising such direct current breaker
US9013853B2 (en) * 2011-10-25 2015-04-21 Abb Technology Ag Direct current breaker and electrical power system comprising such direct current breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1565992A1 (de) 1970-03-26
SE322570B (pt) 1970-04-13
GB1139344A (en) 1969-01-08
CH461603A (de) 1968-08-31

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