US3379476A - Coal-winning apparatus - Google Patents

Coal-winning apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3379476A
US3379476A US565153A US56515366A US3379476A US 3379476 A US3379476 A US 3379476A US 565153 A US565153 A US 565153A US 56515366 A US56515366 A US 56515366A US 3379476 A US3379476 A US 3379476A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mine
planer
bodies
winning apparatus
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US565153A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erwien Helmut
Altfelder Rolf
Burger Ewald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Original Assignee
Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH filed Critical Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3379476A publication Critical patent/US3379476A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/54—Slitting by unguided cutter cables or cutter chains, or by unguided tools drawn along the working face by cables or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
    • E21C27/32—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by adjustable or non-adjustable planing means with or without loading arrangements
    • E21C27/34—Machine propelled along the working face by cable or chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/08—Guiding the machine
    • E21C35/16—Guiding the machine by making use of the timbering, filling, or other supports

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to a mineral winning apparatus, and more particularly to a winning apparatus for the conveyor-less mining of coal in steep beddings and on slanting faces of varying thickness, which is adaptable for unmanned operation without the use of props, and features elastic elements for varying the points of attack of cutter tools carried on a pair of planer bodies, so as to adapt the position of such cutting tools to the thickness of the mine face.
  • the mineral winning apparatus of the invention provides a pair of planer bodies disposed for movement in unison back and forth along the length of a mine face, these planer bodies being arranged in vertically superposed relation to each other between the mine roof and the mine floor.
  • the lower of these planer bodies is disposed for movement in sliding contact engagement with the mine floor and bears a cutter means positioned for extractive engagement with the mine face to remove mineral therefrom along the lower portion thereof extending down to the mine floor.
  • the upper of these planer bodies is disposed for movement in sliding cont-act engagement with the mine roof and bears a cutter means positioned for extractive engagement with the mine face to remove mineral therefrom along the upper portion thereof extending up to the mine roof.
  • planer bodies are urged apart and into respective sliding engagement with the mine roof and mine floor by a spring means, preferably a pair of sigma-shaped leaf springs connected to each planer body.
  • the spring means thus serves to guide the movement of the planer bodies along the mine roof and floor, and to adjust continuously the vertical spacing between their associated cutting means to follow variations in the mine seam thickness.
  • plane-like winning machines that are carried on a conveyor, such machines consisting generally of a plurality of planer bodies disposed in tandem in the direction of travel along the mine face, and including between them additional cutting tools which Patented Apr. 23, 1968 score the upper stratum and which are constructed with spring elements so as to yield elastically in height.
  • These spring-loaded tools which are inserted between the two planer bodies, are arranged to run at the mine roof height ordinarily, but can be used only in conjunction with a long wall conveyor means, and are not suitable for the conveyor-less winning of coal in steep beds.
  • a plane-like apparatus guided on an adjustable guiding framework has been proposed for use in steep bed mining operations.
  • This apparatus is designed to cut into the mine seam substantially at the middle thereof, and adapts itself to the changing thickness of the seam by means of elastic members in the guiding framework which make it capable of yielding in height. While this particular apparatus is suitable for conveyor-less mining, it is not satisfactory for unmanned and prop-less mining, particularly on slanting faces, because such proposed apparatus requires a type of guidance which can basically be provided only by propping.
  • the invention provides a winning apparatus that assures the winning of the complete seam with cutter tools that can be arranged to attack the entire mine face area from the roof to the floor.
  • the invention provides a winning apparatus which is so constructed and arranged to prevent any tipping by reason of its own weight toward the waste side of the mine seam, so that the full pressure of the cutter tools is always exerted against the mine face even at the roof area.
  • the invention accomplishes its purpose of providing a winning apparatus for the conveyorless winning of coal in steep bedding, especially on slanting faces of varying thickness, for unmanned and propless operation, by utilizing elastic elements which vary the point of attack of the winning tools and adapt their cutting action to the seam thickness.
  • the winning apparatus of the invention has at least two substantially equal cutting tool holding planer bodies disposed one over the other between the roof and the floor, and spaced apart so as to follow the mine roof and floor contour established by the seam thickness without contacting eachv other.
  • planer bodies are coupled to each other by means of elastic elements bridging the free space between them.
  • These elastic elements can advantageously be so constructed that, in the case of maximum seam thickness, the winning tools of the upper and lower planer bodies respectively cut directly at the roof and at the floor, so that the coal between these winning tools collapses of its own weight, and that in the case of minimum seam thickness the facing ends of the tool holding bodies just barely contact one another.
  • the winning apparatus has two substantially equal cutting tool holding planer bodies disposed in a mirror-image relationship to one another, and disposed one over the other in such a manner that cutter tools of the upper planer body attack the mine face in the area of the roof and the cutter tools of the lower planer body attack the mine face in the area of the floor, the two planer bodies being coupled with one another by means of leaf springs attached to their outer extremities.
  • the leaf springs engage those areas of the planer bodies which are farthest removed from one another, so that the planer bodies can oscillate freely between the roof and the floor during the winning operation by utilizing the elastic action of the leaf springs.
  • the leaf springs attached to the outside ends of the tool holding planer bodies are advantageously given the shape of a sigma in such a manner that their reentrant portions face one another. This arrangement assures a spring excursion that will be sufficient for adaptation to the varying seam thicknesses.
  • the roof plate of the one tool holding body and the floor plate of the other tool holding body constitute the elements which join the leaf springs, and bear on the coal face side of the leaf springs the cutting tool holding body and the lugs for attaching the pulling chain, and bear on the waste side of the leaf springs the means for guiding the return flight of the chain.
  • one pulling and one return flight of chain is associated with each planer body, the chain tension being expediently kept constant by a tensioning means provided in the drift.
  • the winning apparatus is prevented from tipping towards the waste side by the arrangement of the four flights of chain and the equalization of the tension in the chains.
  • the free space remaining between the planer bodies is approximately the same as the spring excursion. Any plastic deformation of the spring element is thus securely prevented, because even if the winning apparatus is vibrating and bumping severely in operation, the facing surfaces of the planer bodies abut against one another and the spring cannot be stressed beyond the tolerable limit.
  • each planer body To withstand the forces of reaction transmitted from the working face through the cutting tools and the tool holding planer bodies to the spring element, the facing ends of each planer body, according to another feature of the invention, are slidingly supported against the spring element.
  • the high moment of resistance produced by the reentrant portion of the leaf spring in this case prevents to a suflicient extent any deviation from the working face on the part of the cutting tools disposed in the area of the facing surfaces of the planer bodies.
  • the special advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that, by the contact of the winning apparatus with the roof and with the floor, and under the effect of the chain pulling force and of the spring elements coupling the planer bodies, a constant swinging of the tool holding bodies toward and away from one another is brought about, which has an aiding effect on the coal cutting process.
  • the sliding shoe-like construction of the leaf springs in the area of the roof and floor in this case has a favorable effect when cutting through narrow seam cross sections.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a winning apparatus as aforesaid which is suited for use in unmanned mining operations.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a Winning apparatus as aforesaid which can be operated effectively in steep coal beds having slanting faces of varying thickness.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a winning apparatus as aforesaid which features a pair of superposed planer bodies arranged to carry cutter tools positioned for mineral extraction over the complete mine face area, from the floor to the roof thereof.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a winning apparatus as aforesaid wherein the planer bodies are urged apart by a spring means such that the cutters borne by one planer body follow the contour of the mine roof and those borne by the other planer body follows the contour of the mine floor to accommodate for variations in mine seam thickness.
  • a further object of theinvention is to provide a winning apparatus as aforesaid which prevents any shifting of the planer bodies away from the mine face such as would impair the effective action of their cutting tools.
  • Still another and further object of the invention is to provide a winning apparatus as aforesaid in which the planer bodies are arranged to preclude any plastic deformation of the spring means which urges them apart.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a mineral winning apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention as seen from the mine face looking perpendicular to the drection of itstravel therealong;
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the Winning apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the winning apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the winning apparatus 1 includes a pair of planer type tool-holding bodies 4 and 4', each of which bear cutting tools 5, and a pair of leaf-spring elements 7 and 7' connecting the two planer bodies 4, 4.
  • the spring elements 7, 7 are of such size that the shoe base plates 10, 10 of the planer bodies 4, 4' are urged against the mine fioor 3 and the mine roof 2 respectively.
  • the leaf springs 7 and 7' are approximately sigma-shaped and arranged with their reentrant 9 and 9' respectively facing one another in the area of the free space 6 between the planer bodies 4 and 4'.
  • planer bodies 4 and 4' are arranged for movement in unison back and forth along the length of the mine face in vertically superposed relation to each other between the mine roof 2 and the mine floor 3.
  • the lower planer body 4 is disposed for movement with its base plate 10 in sliding contact engagement with the mine floor 3,
  • each of the planer bodies 4 and 4 are positioned for extractive engagement with the mine face F to remove mineral therefrom over the complete area thereof from the floor 3 up to the roof 2.
  • the cutter tool 5 carried by the lower planer body 4 will be positioned to remove mineral from the mine face F along the lower portion thereof extending down to the floor 3, whereas the cutter tools 5 carried by the upper planer body 4' will be positioned to remove mineral from along the upper portion of the mine face F extending up to the mine roof 2.
  • a chain drive type of motive means is expediently provided.
  • This chain drive means has one pulling flight chain section 12 and one return flight chain section 14 associated with each planer body 4, 4'.
  • the pulling flight sections 12 are secured to mooring lugs 11 and 11 preferably connected to each base plate member 10, along the mine face side thereof, whereas the return flight sections 14 are guided in tubular guide members 13 and 13' preferably connected to each base plate 10, 10' along the waste side thereof.
  • the leaf springs 7 and 7' will urge the planer bodies apart and continuously adjust the vertical spacing between their associated cutter tools 5 so as to follow variations in the mine seam thickness up to a predetermined maximum thickness established by the free height of said leaf springs 7 and 7', and down to a predetermined minimum seam thickness established by the vertical spacing etween the outer surface of each base plate It 10 and a corresponding surface 15, 15 on the planer bodies 4 and 4 respectively.
  • the surface 15 on the upper portion of the lower planer body 4 and the surface 15' on the lower portion of the upper planer body 4' are arranged to confront each other to limit the displacement of said planer bodies 4 and 4' together in the vertical direction so as to prevent over-stressing of leaf springs 7 and 7 should it be attempted to operate the winning apparatus 1 in a mine seam of less than such predetermined minimum thickness.
  • vertical as used herein is intended to designate a direction which is generally perpendicular to both the mine roof 2 and the mine floor 3, and is not necessarily restricted to the case where the mine seam extends horizontally in the gravitational sense.
  • the invention provides a winning apparatus 1 in which the spacing of the planer bodies 4 and 4 is adjusted along a direction transverse to the direction of their movement along the mine face.
  • the planer bodies 4 and 4' are able to approach each other no further than is permitted by contact between their facing surfaces 15 and 15', and as the planer bodies 4 and 4' approach each other, they are slidably guided as at 16 against the reentrant portions 9, 9' of the leaf springs 7 and 7'.
  • planer bodies 4 and 4 are preferably made similar in construction but arranged in a mirror-image relation to each other with a vertical spacing 6 between their confronting surfaces 15 and 15 so as to allow a limited freedom of movement for said planer bodies 4 and 4' toward each other against the influence of the leaf springs 7 and 7 as necessary in traversing mine seams of varying thickness.
  • the planer bodies 4 and 4' are arranged for a maximum separation 6 corresponding approximately to the elastic excursion of leaf springs 7 and 7'. In this way, the surfaces 15 and 15' will abut each other to prevent further compression of the leaf springs 7 and 7 beyond their elastic excursion limit.
  • the winning apparatus 1 is prevented from tipping away from the mine face F by the arrangement of the four chain flight sections, i.e., the two pulling sections 12 and the two return sections 14, which are preferably of equalized tension.
  • the high moment of resistance produced by the reentrant portions 9, 9 of said leaf springs 7, 7 prevents any significant deviation of the cutting tools 5 from their intended extractive engagement with the mine face F.
  • the invention provides a winning apparatus 1 which is both stabilized against tipping away from the mine face F and which provides suitable bracing for the cutting tools 5 against the effects of mine face F reaction forces to provide more effective cutting action.
  • a mineral winning apparatus which comprises a pair of planer bodies disposed for movement in unison back and forth along the length of a mine face in vertically superposed relation to each other between the mine roof and the mine floor, the lower of said planer bodies being disposed for movement in sliding contact engagement with the mine floor and for hearing a cutter means positioned for extractive engagement with the mine face to remove mineral therefrom along the lower portion thereof extending down to the mine floor, the upper of said planer bodies being disposed for movement in sliding contact engagement with the mine roof and for bearing a cutter means positioned for extractive engagement with the mine face to remove mineral therefrom along the upper portion thereof extendin up to the mine roof, and spring means operatively connected to each of said planer bodies to urge them apart and into respective sliding engagement with the mine floor and mine roof for gui ance thereby and to adjust continuously the vertical spacing between their associated cutter means to follow variations in the mine seam thickness.
  • said spring means includes a pair of sigma-shaped leaf springs disposed in opposite facing relation to each other'and each connected at their outer legs to said planer bodies for parallel elastic action in a substantially vertical plane to urge said planer bodies apart from each other into respective sliding contact engagement with the mine floor and mine roof along a direction approximately perpendicular to the mine roof and floor and substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of said planer bodies.
  • planer bodies are similar and are arranged in a vertically spaced separated relation to each other to allow a limited freedom of movement for said planer bodies toward each other in the vertical direction against the influence of the leaf springs in traversin mine seams of varying thickness.
  • each planer body includes a base plate memher, the base plate member of the lower planer body being disposed for sliding contact engagement with the mine floor, and the base plate member of the upper planer body being disposed for sliding contact engagement with the mine roof.
  • planer bodies are arranged for a maximum vertical separation corresponding approximately to the elastic excursion of said leaf springs.
  • planer bodies have portions facing each other disposed for sliding contact engagement with the 7 reentrant portions of said sigma-shaped leaf springs for guidance thereby to maintain said planer bodies in vertically superposed alignment.
  • said sigma-shaped leaf springs are connected to the base plate members of said planer bodies, and including mooring means connected to each base plate member along the mine face side thereof and disposed for connection to the tensioned flight section of a chain drive means for moving said planer bodies back and forth along the mine face, and a guide member connected to each base plate member along the Waste side thereof and disposed for guiding engagement with the return flight section of such chain drive means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
US565153A 1965-07-21 1966-07-14 Coal-winning apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3379476A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG44216A DE1235837B (de) 1965-07-21 1965-07-21 Schaelendes Gewinnungsgeraet fuer die foerdererlose Gewinnung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3379476A true US3379476A (en) 1968-04-23

Family

ID=7127391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US565153A Expired - Lifetime US3379476A (en) 1965-07-21 1966-07-14 Coal-winning apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3379476A (sv)
BE (1) BE684400A (sv)
DE (1) DE1235837B (sv)
ES (1) ES328531A1 (sv)
NL (1) NL6608218A (sv)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010122466A2 (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-28 Bucyrus Europe Gmbh Bit arrangement for a mining plough, and mining plough for plough systems
WO2010122465A3 (en) * 2009-04-21 2011-05-26 Bucyrus Europe Gmbh Mining plough for plough systems and plough system for inclined formation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE850882C (de) * 1943-01-05 1952-09-29 Albert Hamel Abkeilverfahren bei der Steinkohlengewinnung
US3073581A (en) * 1959-06-03 1963-01-15 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Planer device for the automatic extraction of coal and the like
US3178229A (en) * 1961-07-22 1965-04-13 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Coal plane assembly having shiftable upper cutters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE850882C (de) * 1943-01-05 1952-09-29 Albert Hamel Abkeilverfahren bei der Steinkohlengewinnung
US3073581A (en) * 1959-06-03 1963-01-15 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Planer device for the automatic extraction of coal and the like
US3178229A (en) * 1961-07-22 1965-04-13 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Coal plane assembly having shiftable upper cutters

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010122466A2 (en) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-28 Bucyrus Europe Gmbh Bit arrangement for a mining plough, and mining plough for plough systems
WO2010122466A3 (en) * 2009-04-21 2011-05-26 Bucyrus Europe Gmbh Bit arrangement for a mining plough, and mining plough for plough systems
WO2010122465A3 (en) * 2009-04-21 2011-05-26 Bucyrus Europe Gmbh Mining plough for plough systems and plough system for inclined formation
CN102395756A (zh) * 2009-04-21 2012-03-28 布西鲁斯欧洲有限公司 用于犁系统的采矿犁及用于倾斜地层的犁系统
CN102395755A (zh) * 2009-04-21 2012-03-28 布西鲁斯欧洲有限公司 用于采矿犁的钻头装置及用于犁系统的采矿犁
US8714659B2 (en) 2009-04-21 2014-05-06 Caterpiller Global Mining Europe GmbH Bit arrangement for a mining plough, and mining plough for plough systems
US8752906B2 (en) 2009-04-21 2014-06-17 Caterpillar Global Mining Europe Gmbh Mining plough for plough systems and plough system for inclined formation
CN102395755B (zh) * 2009-04-21 2014-07-09 卡特彼勒全球矿场欧洲有限公司 用于采矿犁的钻头装置及用于犁系统的采矿犁
RU2556601C2 (ru) * 2009-04-21 2015-07-10 Катерпиллар Глобал Майнинг Юроп Гмбх Струг для струговых установок и струговая установка для наклонной формации

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6608218A (sv) 1967-01-23
DE1235837B (de) 1967-03-09
ES328531A1 (es) 1967-08-01
BE684400A (sv) 1967-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3357742A (en) Mining arrangement including angularly displaceable guide means for a mining machine
US3379476A (en) Coal-winning apparatus
US2677456A (en) Belt conveyer
US3447328A (en) Mine roof supports
US3072241A (en) Apparatus for displacing a longitudinal mining conveyor
US3603098A (en) Roof supports for mine workings
US3576110A (en) Movable support assemblies for mineral mines
AU2012200937B2 (en) Armored face conveyor
US3382004A (en) Longwall mining machine, conveyor and traction cable arrangement
US3073581A (en) Planer device for the automatic extraction of coal and the like
US3388948A (en) Reduced friction planer carriage and guide arrangement
US3383867A (en) Mine roof supports
US2655362A (en) Chain guide for disintegrating apparatus
US3285662A (en) Planer arrangement for extraction of mineral
US2304143A (en) Kerf-cutting machine
US4049527A (en) Electrodeposited metal plate peeling-off machine
CN207905861U (zh) 一种煤矿综采工作面同步移动运输设备
US2257181A (en) Combined cutting and loading machine
US1871186A (en) Mining machine
US4183700A (en) Walking mine support
US2990168A (en) Mining apparatus
US2820658A (en) Connecting means for structural elements
US3602549A (en) Coal-mining machine
US2561642A (en) Apparatus for mining coal
US3393522A (en) Face support