US3375786A - Mechanical percussion fuze for rockets - Google Patents

Mechanical percussion fuze for rockets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3375786A
US3375786A US585651A US58565166A US3375786A US 3375786 A US3375786 A US 3375786A US 585651 A US585651 A US 585651A US 58565166 A US58565166 A US 58565166A US 3375786 A US3375786 A US 3375786A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuze
rockets
striker
spring
guide tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US585651A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marchiaro Ettore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bombrini Parodi Delfino SpA
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Bombrini Parodi Delfino SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bombrini Parodi Delfino SpA filed Critical Bombrini Parodi Delfino SpA
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Publication of US3375786A publication Critical patent/US3375786A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F42C15/192—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier rotatable in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means

Definitions

  • a first safety inertia device has a eylindrical housing with a first, cylindria p p n A r ng abuts on aid fir t sp ing d, i slidably arranged on the inner wall of the housing.
  • a plurality of first spheres are arranged circumferentially within the ring.
  • a second safety inertia device includes a second spiral spring with a cup abutting on the second spring arranged coaxially to the striker.
  • a plurality of second spheres are arranged circumferentially within the cup.
  • a third safety inertia device including a striker guide tube is axially displaceable within the cup towards the rocket tip through an opening provided in the cylindrical housing and a third spiral spring is provided acting on the striker guide tube.
  • the guide tube is retained in the inoperative position by the plurality of second spheres arranged between an inclined surface of an annular projection of said guide tube and the inner upper surface of the housing.
  • the present invention relates to a mechanical percussion fuze for spinning or non-spinning rockets.
  • the accelerated motion phase 50-100 g persists outside the launching tube, i.e. approximately until the propellant is burned out.
  • the invention relates to a mechanical percussion fuze for rockets which, although being of ex treme simplicity in construction, satisfies all safety requirements.
  • the new fuze is provided with handling safety, intended to prevent the operation of the explosive train as a result of an accidental drop during handling and transport and of the so-called flight-safety, in order to ensure the same security if an accidental impact were to occur on an obstacle situated close to the launching post.
  • the mechanical percussion fuze comprises prevention devices which do not allow the actuation or alignment of the explosive train, formed by a primer and a detonator or booster, when the fuze is subject to an impact or to vibrations only, but which ensure the said alignment after a definite interval of time elapsed from the instant at which the ballistic forces accompanying the movement of the rocket carrying the fuze begin to act on the latter.
  • the fuze according to the present invention has the following features:
  • the said fuze may be employed for all kinds of rockets that is to say irrespective of whether these rotate about their axis in flight, or not,
  • FIGURE 1 shows an axial section taken through the new fuze in its condition prior to firing for launching.
  • FIGURE 2 shows a cross-section of the fuze taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1.
  • FIGURE 3 is an axial section of the same fuze in the state preceding its arming
  • FIGURE 4 is a similar view in the armed position.
  • the new fuze according to the invention comprises substantially:
  • the condition required to allow the new fuze to operate is that it should be exposed to an axial thrust or acceleration in the forward direction, that is to say from the tail towards the tip or nose of the rocket, that this acceleration should reach a definite magnitude (for which the said fuze may be preset by means of expedients known in the art), and that it should persist for a certain time moreover.
  • the ring 7 overcomes the resistance of the spring 8 and is displaced rearwards, thus allowing the ring of balls 10 to emerge from its seat or housing.
  • the striker guide tube 12 moves rearwards under the action of acceleration, sufliciently to release the balls 13, which latter can thus travel to the periphery, running along the sloping surface of the said tube 12 and that of the small cup 11 which, in the meantime, has been displaced to its end-of-travel position, as apparent from FIGURE 3.
  • the said balls are thus so positioned that they cannot prevent the subsequent forward displacement of the striker guide tube 12 which precedes the arming of the fuze.
  • the said acceleration ceases or even assumes a negative value owing to the resistance of the air, and the striker guide tube 12 may then be displaced forwards by the spring 14, towards the tip or nose of the rocket.
  • the rotor 15 is thus released from the abutment established by the terminal portion of the striker guide tube 12 which portion penetrates in a special cylindrical housing provided in the body of the said rotor and can turn about its own' action under the axis of the pre-loaded spring 16, thus bringing the primer 5 into alignment with the striker 3 and with the detonator 6.
  • the fuze is thus armed, as apparent from FIGURE 4, its flight safety' having been operative throughout the period of accelerated motion of the rocket.
  • the two spheres 17 shown in FIGURE 2 have the function of centering the rotor and to facilitate its rotation reducing possible friction.
  • the displacement of the rotor 15 is limited by two stops or the like.
  • the spring 16 retaining a light loading in the said end-oftravel position ensures that the primer 5 remains in alignment even under the action of vibration and of opposing inertial forces.
  • the ring 7 is thrust forward by the spring 8 immediately after the impact, thus restoring the initial safety condition and consequently allowing the normal working of the f-uze on hitting the target.
  • the new fuze device may be employed in a great many conditions observed in practice, and may be adapted to these by appropriate adjustment, calibration and the like of its components.
  • the said assembly sensitive to impact force may be replaced by a gunpowder firing device of the percussion type, which may be arranged to set off the primer 5 by propagation of the flame through the hollow tube 12.
  • a mechanical percussion fuze for rockets comprising in combination an impact sensitive assembly including a spring loaded striker, an explosive train including a rotor, a primer contained in said rotor and a detonator; a first safety inertia device including a cylindrical housing, a first cylindrical spiral spring arranged in said housing, a ring abutting on said first spring and slidably arranged on the inner wall of said housing and a plurality of first spheres arranged circumferentially within said ring, a second safety inertia device including a second spiral spring, a cup abutting on said second spring and arranged coaxially to said striker and a plurality of second spheres arranged circumferentially within said cup, a third safety inertiadevice including a striker guide tube axially displaceable within said cup towards the rocket tip through an opening provided in said cylindrical housing and a third spiral spring acting on said striker guide tube, said guide tube being retained in the inoperative position by said plurality of

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US585651A 1965-10-25 1966-10-10 Mechanical percussion fuze for rockets Expired - Lifetime US3375786A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2363165 1965-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3375786A true US3375786A (en) 1968-04-02

Family

ID=11208716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US585651A Expired - Lifetime US3375786A (en) 1965-10-25 1966-10-10 Mechanical percussion fuze for rockets

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3375786A (de)
BE (1) BE688301A (de)
CH (1) CH453137A (de)
DE (1) DE1578498A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1495836A (de)
GB (1) GB1165754A (de)
NL (1) NL6614613A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495533A (en) * 1966-10-17 1970-02-17 Messrs Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Safety device for time fuzes
US4006690A (en) * 1974-05-06 1977-02-08 Suzanne Stockman Mechanism for firing a projectile such as a rifle grenade
US4237788A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-12-09 Ares, Inc. Explosive fuse for ballistic projectile
EP0104138A2 (de) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-28 Ems-Inventa AG Vorrichtung zum Sichern und Schärfen eines elektrisch zündbaren Munitionskörpers
EP3121553A1 (de) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-25 Nexter Munitions Sicherungs- und scharfstellungseinrichtung für einen geschosszünder, und zünder, der eine solche vorrichtung umfasst
CN113218256A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-08-06 南京理工大学 一种具有擦地炸功能的小口径旋转炮弹弹头引信触发机构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0758737A1 (de) * 1995-08-16 1997-02-19 Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft vertreten durch die Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe für Rüstungsdienste Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sichern und zum Schärfen eines Zündsatzes und/oder eines mechanisch gezündeten Munitionskörpers
DE102020007798B4 (de) * 2020-12-19 2022-07-14 Junghans Microtec Gmbh Aufschlagzünder

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1352543A (en) * 1919-03-31 1920-09-14 Schneider & Cie Percussion-fuse for projectiles
US2625881A (en) * 1949-08-03 1953-01-20 Rabinow Jacob Double element setback lock
US2923242A (en) * 1955-03-08 1960-02-02 Howard P Klair Fuze for artillery shell
US2938463A (en) * 1957-02-26 1960-05-31 Hotchkiss Brandt Soc Percussion fuze

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1352543A (en) * 1919-03-31 1920-09-14 Schneider & Cie Percussion-fuse for projectiles
US2625881A (en) * 1949-08-03 1953-01-20 Rabinow Jacob Double element setback lock
US2923242A (en) * 1955-03-08 1960-02-02 Howard P Klair Fuze for artillery shell
US2938463A (en) * 1957-02-26 1960-05-31 Hotchkiss Brandt Soc Percussion fuze

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3495533A (en) * 1966-10-17 1970-02-17 Messrs Gebruder Junghans Gmbh Safety device for time fuzes
US4006690A (en) * 1974-05-06 1977-02-08 Suzanne Stockman Mechanism for firing a projectile such as a rifle grenade
US4237788A (en) * 1978-12-18 1980-12-09 Ares, Inc. Explosive fuse for ballistic projectile
EP0104138A2 (de) * 1982-09-16 1984-03-28 Ems-Inventa AG Vorrichtung zum Sichern und Schärfen eines elektrisch zündbaren Munitionskörpers
EP0104138A3 (en) * 1982-09-16 1984-09-12 Ems-Inventa Ag Device for arming and sterilising an electric fuze for ammunition
EP3121553A1 (de) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-25 Nexter Munitions Sicherungs- und scharfstellungseinrichtung für einen geschosszünder, und zünder, der eine solche vorrichtung umfasst
FR3039267A1 (fr) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-27 Nexter Munitions Dispositif de securite et d'armement pour une fusee d'ogive et fusee comportant un tel dispositif
US20170138714A1 (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-05-18 Nexter Munitions Safety and arming device for an instant impact point fuse and fuse including such a device
US10041775B2 (en) * 2015-07-24 2018-08-07 Nexter Munitions Safety and arming device for an instant impact point fuse and fuse including such a device
CN113218256A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-08-06 南京理工大学 一种具有擦地炸功能的小口径旋转炮弹弹头引信触发机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6614613A (de) 1967-04-26
BE688301A (de) 1967-03-16
CH453137A (it) 1968-05-31
DE1578498A1 (de) 1970-12-03
GB1165754A (en) 1969-10-01
FR1495836A (fr) 1967-09-22

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