US3375184A - Electrolytic cell with controllable multiple electrodes - Google Patents

Electrolytic cell with controllable multiple electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3375184A
US3375184A US404792A US40479264A US3375184A US 3375184 A US3375184 A US 3375184A US 404792 A US404792 A US 404792A US 40479264 A US40479264 A US 40479264A US 3375184 A US3375184 A US 3375184A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
anodes
cathodes
cell
electrolytic cell
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US404792A
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English (en)
Inventor
Giacopelli Umberto
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Solvay SA
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Solvay SA
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Publication date
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/30—Cells comprising movable electrodes, e.g. rotary electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • the anodic graphite plates are mounted vertically in the base by -means of a layer of lead which secures the electrical connections and is covered with a cement layer and an asphalt layer.
  • the asphalt layer undergoes a softening which may result in its displacement.
  • This asphalt layer may give rise to the formation of halogenated (chlorinated) organic compounds which contaminate the halogen (chlorine) generated at the anodes.
  • the lead yof the base is attacked by the halogen (chlorine) formed at the anode and passes into the cathodic liquor in the form of plumbite.
  • the present invention permits these advantages to be obviated.
  • the object of the invention is an electrolytic cells with diaphragm comprising a succession of alternating anodes and cathodes, characterised in that the electrodes have the shape of alternately reversed wed-ges, the anodes and the cathodes having the same wedge angle, and that each anode fits in between two adjacent cathodes in the free space left between the latter, the distance between the parallel surfaces of the electrodes being determined by the height 3,375,184 Patented Mar. 26, 1958 of one series of electrodes of the same sign relative to the height of the intercalated electrodes of opposite sign.
  • the cell for-ming the object of t-he present invention is intended for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride.
  • FIGURES Ia, IIa, IIIa show cross-sections of three cells according to the invention; the FIGURES Ib, IIb, IIIb and Ic, IIc, IIIc, respectively, show cross-sections and horizontal sections of the corresponding cells.
  • the preferred devices are those illustrated by FIGURES II and III. v
  • the wedge-shaped graphite anodes 1 are suspended with their thin ends downwards,y the lower edge being horizontal, by means of a rod 2 conducting the current and sliding in the lid 3 of the cell, by means of a device 4 which is known as such and enables the distance between the electrodes to be regulated during the electrolysis.
  • Such a device can consist of a graphite rang such as the Aone described in Belgian Patent Specification No. 457,712.
  • the sets of anodes 1 are interposed between the cathodes 5 so as to 'be placed in the free spaces left between the latter.
  • the cathodes 5, preferably made of metal, carry the diaphragm 6. They are also wedge-shaped, but their thin ends are directed upwards, the upper edge being horizontal.
  • the cathodes 5 are arranged in a cathode assembly which rests on the base 9 of the cell and supports the lid 3.
  • the cell illustrated by the FIGURES IIa, 1lb, IIC differs from the rst in that the cathode assembly is devised as a drawer mounted in the frame of the cell which enables the cathodes to slide in parallel to the edges of the wedges in the space left free between the anodes.
  • the cathode assembly is constituted by partial drawers. These are formed by the lateral walls 7 and 8 and the cat-hodes 5 and 5 and they slide in the frame of the cell between the two other lateral walls 14 and 15.
  • This second method of execution permits the two cathodic partial assemblies to be removed for renewal of the diaphragms and st-raightening of the anode surfaces, without necessitating the removal of the lid carrying the anodes. The latter is only removed when all the anodes have to be replaced.
  • the two cells described above enable the distance between electrodes of opposite sign to be kept constant by regulating the height of the anodes in the cells. This operation can 'be performed every time the cells are opened for replacing the diaphragms, or even during the electrolysis by using an apparatus measuring the amperage of each anode individually. Moreover, all the disadvantages inherent in the use of layers of lead and asphalt are clearly removed.
  • FIGURES lIIa, IIIb, IHC A third method of putting the invention into practice is illustrated by the FIGURES lIIa, IIIb, IHC.
  • the electrodes are arranged with their thin edges vertical; the anodes are fixed in an anodic assembly and the cathodes in a cathodic assembly.
  • the anodic and cathodic assemblies are mounted in the frame of the cell in the manner of drawers and the relative depth of the drawers makes it possible to regulate the distance between the electrodes.
  • the cases can be removed for inspection and maintenance of the cell.
  • the lid 3 does not support any electrode, its removal is ininitely more convenient.
  • the electrodes of opposite sign are xed to the two opposed lateral walls and 11 of the cell by the surfaces opposite their thin ends, possibly by means of rods 2, 12 conducting the current.
  • the walls 10 and 11 and the electrodes 1 and 5 together form the anodic and cathodic assemblies, which slide between the two other lateral walls 14 and 15.
  • the electrolysis tank comprises two lateral apertures through which pass the anodic assembly (1 and 10) and the cathodic assembly (5 and 15), which iit one into the other.
  • a set of suitable cross-bars 13 enables the anodic case to be introduced more or less ⁇ deeply into the cell, thereby regulating the distance between the anodes and cathodes.
  • This third method of execution permits the regula-tion of the anode-cathode distance and the renewal of the diaphragm, the replacement of a broken anode or the straightening of the anodic surfaces; these operations are easily carried out without having to remove the lid of the cell.
  • Electrolytic cell with diaphragm comprising a succession of alternating anodes and cathodes, characterised in that the electrodes are in the form of alternately reversed wedges, the anodes and cathodes having the same wedge angle, and that every anode tits in the free space left between two adjacent cathodes, the distance between the parallel surfaces of the electrodes being determined by the height of one series of electrodes of the same sign relative to that of the electrodes of opposite sign.
  • S. Cell according to claim 1 characterised in that the electrodes are arranged with vertical thin ends and that the anodes are fixed in an anodic assembly and the cathodes in a cathodic assembly, the anodic and cathodic assemblies being mounted in the frame of the cell in the manner of drawers, the relative depth of the drawers enabling the distance between the electrodes to be regulated and the assemblies being capable of removal for inspection and maintenance ofthe cell.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US404792A 1963-10-23 1964-10-19 Electrolytic cell with controllable multiple electrodes Expired - Lifetime US3375184A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE512368 1963-10-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3375184A true US3375184A (en) 1968-03-26

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ID=3844846

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US404792A Expired - Lifetime US3375184A (en) 1963-10-23 1964-10-19 Electrolytic cell with controllable multiple electrodes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3375184A (ru)
BE (1) BE639094A (ru)
CH (1) CH420074A (ru)
DE (1) DE1261832B (ru)
ES (1) ES304382A1 (ru)
GB (1) GB1014807A (ru)
NL (1) NL6412243A (ru)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3451906A (en) * 1965-10-29 1969-06-24 Electric Reduction Co Respacing of electrodes in electrolytic cells for the production of the halates,perhalates or hypohalites of alkali metals
US3669869A (en) * 1968-10-01 1972-06-13 Johnson & Co London Ltd A Electrolytic cells
US4140616A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-02-20 A. Johnson & Company (London) Limited Electrolytic cells
US5427658A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-06-27 Electrosci Incorporated Electrolytic cell and method for producing a mixed oxidant gas
WO2005078759A1 (ja) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-25 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 光電子増倍管

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113548719B (zh) 2019-08-06 2023-08-18 无锡小天鹅电器有限公司 电解组件及衣物处理设备
CN112340815B (zh) * 2019-08-06 2023-08-25 无锡小天鹅电器有限公司 电解组件、电解装置及衣物处理设备

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US682155A (en) * 1901-01-15 1901-09-03 Charles P Tatro Electrolytic apparatus for extracting precious metals.
US2392868A (en) * 1942-05-04 1946-01-15 Hooker Electrochemical Co Electrolytic alkali halogen cells

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US682155A (en) * 1901-01-15 1901-09-03 Charles P Tatro Electrolytic apparatus for extracting precious metals.
US2392868A (en) * 1942-05-04 1946-01-15 Hooker Electrochemical Co Electrolytic alkali halogen cells

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3451906A (en) * 1965-10-29 1969-06-24 Electric Reduction Co Respacing of electrodes in electrolytic cells for the production of the halates,perhalates or hypohalites of alkali metals
US3669869A (en) * 1968-10-01 1972-06-13 Johnson & Co London Ltd A Electrolytic cells
US4140616A (en) * 1976-10-15 1979-02-20 A. Johnson & Company (London) Limited Electrolytic cells
US5427658A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-06-27 Electrosci Incorporated Electrolytic cell and method for producing a mixed oxidant gas
US5458743A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-10-17 Electrosci Inc. Method for producing a mixed oxidant gas
WO2005078759A1 (ja) * 2004-02-17 2005-08-25 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. 光電子増倍管
US20070194713A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2007-08-23 Hiroyuki Kyushima Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
US20080018246A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2008-01-24 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier
US7602122B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2009-10-13 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier
US7977878B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2011-07-12 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
JP4762719B2 (ja) * 2004-02-17 2011-08-31 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 光電子増倍管
US20110221336A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2011-09-15 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
US8242694B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2012-08-14 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
US8643258B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2014-02-04 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
US9147559B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2015-09-29 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method
US9460899B2 (en) 2004-02-17 2016-10-04 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Photomultiplier and its manufacturing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH420074A (fr) 1966-09-15
NL6412243A (ru) 1965-04-26
ES304382A1 (es) 1965-03-16
GB1014807A (en) 1965-12-31
DE1261832B (de) 1968-02-29
BE639094A (ru)

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