US3374594A - Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs - Google Patents

Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3374594A
US3374594A US341450A US34145064A US3374594A US 3374594 A US3374594 A US 3374594A US 341450 A US341450 A US 341450A US 34145064 A US34145064 A US 34145064A US 3374594 A US3374594 A US 3374594A
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United States
Prior art keywords
brick
aperture
refractory
insert
notch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US341450A
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English (en)
Inventor
Carl A Tate
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Harbison Walker Refractories Co
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Harbison Walker Refractories Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harbison Walker Refractories Co filed Critical Harbison Walker Refractories Co
Priority to US341450A priority Critical patent/US3374594A/en
Priority to GB2289/65A priority patent/GB1031001A/en
Priority to JP40004054A priority patent/JPS4817841B1/ja
Priority to SE1142/65A priority patent/SE313401B/xx
Priority to NL6501119A priority patent/NL6501119A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3374594A publication Critical patent/US3374594A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/145—Assembling elements
    • F27D1/147—Assembling elements for bricks
    • F27D1/148—Means to suspend bricks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/06—Crowns or roofs for combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
    • F27D1/08—Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing

Definitions

  • Suspended refractory roofs for example the open hearth roof, frequently are formed from basic brick which are individually supported from their upper ends by metal hangers. Between the individual brick are plates of metal, usually mounted on the brick themselves. When the furnace is heated, the metal plates increase in thickness to tighten the roof and form a monolith-like structure.
  • the advantages of such a construction are well known and are disclosed in several patents. See, for example, the US. patent to Rochow, No. 2,465,170, entitled, Metalcased Composite Suspended Roof Unit; Mason et al., US. Patent No. 2,846,963, entitled, Reinforcing Insert for Furnace Block; Myers et al., US. Patent No. 2,961,805, entilted, Encased Refractory Brick; and Heuer, US. Patent No. 2,652,793, entitled, Refractory Furnace Roof Brick Resistant to Spelling.
  • a common form of hanger device for suspending these metal encased basic refractory blocks or brick is comparable in design to an inverted T.
  • a block is suspended from each side of the crossbar. Opposed adjacent faces of such a pair of blocks are physically in face-to-face contact.
  • a composite refractory shape which consists of a generally rectangular, chemically bonded, basic refractory brick that is metal encased and preferably'has internal reinforcing plates.
  • This much is common to the art as shown, for example, in many of the patents above identified.
  • Adjacent the end of the brick which is to serve as the cold end (ie. the end of the brick farthest removed from the metallurgical process high temperatures) a polarized notch or cut-out is formed. This notch is formed during the pressing of the brick. It is made, for example, by a protuberance on the top pressure plate of a brick press so the polarized notch is formed during pressing of the shape.
  • a tubular metal device of complementary polarization is cemented in the notch.
  • the insert can be friction fitted if desired. Since the same upper plate is used to fabricate each brick, each brick has its suspending structure in precisely the same position. Further, because the pressure plate is machined from quality steal, it is possible to accurately duplicate a series of top pressure plates and notch forming protuberances.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view with some parts broken away to better show the internal arrangement of parts of brick construction according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary schematic view of the upper end of the brick of FIG. 1 and the tubular insert immediately prior to assembly;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are alternative insert constructions.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a top pressure plate which can be used to make the bricks of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Most basic open hearth roof brick are basic in character. That is, they are fabricated of materials, for example, selected from the group dead burned magnesia, chrome ore, dead burned dolomite, and so forth.
  • Commerically available ones which are often used are brick made entirely of chrome ore, ones made entirely of magnesia, ones made of a mixture of chrome ore and magnesia in which the chrome ore constitutes from 50 to by weight, of the total brick, which brick are termed chrome ore-magnesia brick, and brick made from a mixture of magnesia and chrome ore in which the magnesia predominates and constitutes on the order of 50, and more usually 60 to 80%, of the total brick.
  • These later brick are termed magnesia-chrome ore" brick.
  • brick made on a brick press are formed from a semi-dry, size graded, granular material.
  • the granular material is so size graded as to provide good packing when subjected to the action of the brick press to thereby obtain selfsustaining, handleable shapes.
  • Size grading may be, for example, about 30%, by weight, 3+10 mesh, about 20% 10+65, the rest passing a 65 mesh screen.
  • This latter 65 mesh batch component is sometimes referred to as ball mill fines in the refractory brickmaking aft.
  • Ball mill fines usually have from 40 to 60% held on a 325 mesh screen. 'I hese sizings are all Tyler series.
  • This size graded granular brickmaking material is usually tempered with a minor amount of a fluid, for example, 4 or 5% of water, a water-lignin liquor mixture, water and dextrine, cornstarch, etc.
  • a fluid for example, 4 or 5% of water, a water-lignin liquor mixture, water and dextrine, cornstarch, etc.
  • a composite unit of this invention is comprised of an unburned or chemically bonded basic refractory block -11 having a polarized notch 12 formed in an upper edge thereof, which edge is formed by the intersection of the upper or intended cold end of the brick and one of the larger side faces.
  • a two-piece overlapping metalcase construction is carried on the block or brick 11. I prefer that this case be installed according to the teachings of the US. patent to Cotfman et al., No. 2,736,187 entitled, Composite Furnace Block. Of course, other arrangements can be used such as, for example, gluing the case to the brick, by punching ears through the case and into the brick body, etc.
  • U-shaped metalcase is satisfactory for some uses.
  • one U-shaped case can be used for three sides and a separate, flat plate can be applied to the fourth side.
  • the brick 11 can include a pair of internal metal reinforcing plates 13 installed, for example, in the manner taught in US. Patent No. 3,082,503, of Myers et al., entitled, Method of Comolding a Metal Insert in a Brick. It should be understood such plates are not necessary. In fact, I believe, in some instances, it is desirable to omit them in order to obtain still better dimensional accuracy and uniformity of densification in the brick.
  • tubular inserts such as, the insert 14
  • they may be made by cutting lengths from an extruded tube having substantially uniform cross sectional dimensions from one end to the other. They may be drawn from roundtubing.
  • the inserts 14 are easily inserted in the preformed notch 12. Since the notch 12 and the insert 14 are of very precise dimensions, the resulting composite shape is substantially identical to other shapes made of inserts cut from the same tube and made on the same press (or other presses having an identical protuberance formed on one of the pressure plates).
  • FIG. 5 shows a pressure plate with the protuberance 21 as an integral part thereof.
  • the plate and protuberance combination can be cast and then machined to dimension or the protuberance 21 can be formed from a separate piece of stock which is subsequently welded to the plate 21.
  • the resultmg welded combination would be mac ined t assure dimensional accuracy.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 While I prefer the truncated triangular configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, other polarized shapes may be used. For example, shapes 30 and 31 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the notch 12 be formed through an edge. It is easier to maintain dimensional accuracy. However, the polarized notch can be formed through a side surface of the brick a short distance below the intended cold face of the brick. However, I do not suggest this as the most satisfactory manner of accomplishing a composite brick construction according to this invention. One reason is because the resulting wall or thicknes of brick between the cold end and the notch is susceptible to breakage and cracking.
  • the portion of the outer metal casin which covers the side face through which the polarized notch is formed be itself notched or cut as, for example, thenotch 22 on the case 23 in FIG. 1. Such an arrangement assures maximum coverage of the face of the brick through which the notch is formed. Of course, if one desires, a short plate can be used which terminates just below the notch 12.
  • the preferred embodiment of this invention is the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, and the brick is of the magnesia-chrome ore type.
  • the brick contains between 60 and dead burned magnesite of the type disclosed and claimed in US. Patent 3,060,000, of Snyder et al., entitled, Production of Dead Burned Magnesia.
  • the remainder of the brick is refractory grade chrome ore; I prefer Philippine chrome ore.
  • the sizing of the ingredients is substantially, as set forth above, referring to typical size grading for this type of brick.
  • the notch and the complementary insert can be about 2 inches in height, about 3 inches in width at the widest point and about 2 inches in depth.
  • a composite refractory shape comprised of a refractory body having opposed ends and sides extending between the ends, an aperture formed through an intersecting side and end said aperture having a base and sidewalls which converge to form a narrow aperture at one of the ends of said body, a tubular oxidizable metal insert of cross-sectional configuration mating the crosssection of said aperture, said insert fixed in said aperture and filling the cross-section thereof, said insert being fixed against upward and downward movement perpendicular to the ends of said body, the said metal insert having at least one planar outer face which is substantially coplanar with the remainder of the end of the shape through which the aperture is formed.
  • FRANK L. ABBOTT Primary Examiner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
US341450A 1964-01-30 1964-01-30 Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs Expired - Lifetime US3374594A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US341450A US3374594A (en) 1964-01-30 1964-01-30 Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs
GB2289/65A GB1031001A (en) 1964-01-30 1965-01-19 Refractory bricks for suspended roofs
JP40004054A JPS4817841B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1964-01-30 1965-01-27
SE1142/65A SE313401B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1964-01-30 1965-01-28
NL6501119A NL6501119A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1964-01-30 1965-01-28

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US341450A US3374594A (en) 1964-01-30 1964-01-30 Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3374594A true US3374594A (en) 1968-03-26

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US341450A Expired - Lifetime US3374594A (en) 1964-01-30 1964-01-30 Refractory brick for use in suspended roofs

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US (1) US3374594A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JPS4817841B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
GB (1) GB1031001A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
NL (1) NL6501119A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
SE (1) SE313401B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090293784A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Fred Lindeman Suspended refractory curtain

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR865537A (fr) * 1940-01-26 1941-05-26 Schaefer & Cie H Voûte suspendue pour fours
US2930601A (en) * 1956-11-06 1960-03-29 Gen Refractories Co Open-hearth furnace construction
FR1278173A (fr) * 1960-10-28 1961-12-08 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Brique réfractaire cuite suspendue dont la partie supérieure présente un évidement destiné à recevoir un élément de suspension
US3086327A (en) * 1958-03-13 1963-04-23 E J Lavino & Co Refractory unit for furnace-lining construction
GB927632A (en) * 1959-11-05 1963-05-29 Veitscher Magnestiwerke Actien Improvements in or relating to refractory, kilned, suspension bricks
US3204586A (en) * 1963-09-18 1965-09-07 E J Lavino & Co Interlocking pin-socket refractory brick
US3234703A (en) * 1963-01-31 1966-02-15 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Suspendable refractory unit
US3292333A (en) * 1963-05-01 1966-12-20 Harbison Carborundum Corp Wear-resistant refractory lining article

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR865537A (fr) * 1940-01-26 1941-05-26 Schaefer & Cie H Voûte suspendue pour fours
US2930601A (en) * 1956-11-06 1960-03-29 Gen Refractories Co Open-hearth furnace construction
US3086327A (en) * 1958-03-13 1963-04-23 E J Lavino & Co Refractory unit for furnace-lining construction
GB927632A (en) * 1959-11-05 1963-05-29 Veitscher Magnestiwerke Actien Improvements in or relating to refractory, kilned, suspension bricks
FR1278173A (fr) * 1960-10-28 1961-12-08 Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag Brique réfractaire cuite suspendue dont la partie supérieure présente un évidement destiné à recevoir un élément de suspension
US3234703A (en) * 1963-01-31 1966-02-15 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Suspendable refractory unit
US3292333A (en) * 1963-05-01 1966-12-20 Harbison Carborundum Corp Wear-resistant refractory lining article
US3204586A (en) * 1963-09-18 1965-09-07 E J Lavino & Co Interlocking pin-socket refractory brick

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090293784A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Fred Lindeman Suspended refractory curtain

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4817841B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1973-06-01
SE313401B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1969-08-11
NL6501119A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1965-08-02
GB1031001A (en) 1966-05-25

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