US3363479A - High strength rotary member - Google Patents

High strength rotary member Download PDF

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Publication number
US3363479A
US3363479A US516832A US51683265A US3363479A US 3363479 A US3363479 A US 3363479A US 516832 A US516832 A US 516832A US 51683265 A US51683265 A US 51683265A US 3363479 A US3363479 A US 3363479A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mold
rotor
high strength
particulate matter
matter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US516832A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward G Pickels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beckman Coulter Inc
Original Assignee
Beckman Instruments Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US265090A external-priority patent/US3263274A/en
Priority to GB7036/64A priority Critical patent/GB1021306A/en
Priority to CH286764A priority patent/CH425099A/de
Priority to SE3019/64A priority patent/SE311064B/xx
Priority to DE19641458145 priority patent/DE1458145A1/de
Application filed by Beckman Instruments Inc filed Critical Beckman Instruments Inc
Priority to US516832A priority patent/US3363479A/en
Priority to US516833A priority patent/US3468997A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3363479A publication Critical patent/US3363479A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/305—Flywheels made of plastics, e.g. fibre reinforced plastics [FRP], i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/08—Centrifuges for separating predominantly gaseous mixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/085—Rotary bowls fibre- or metal-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B22D13/04—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/0003—Moulding articles between moving mould surfaces, e.g. turning surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2109—Balancing for drum, e.g., washing machine or arm-type structure, etc., centrifuge, etc.

Definitions

  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation partially in section of apparatus for providing a strengthened rotor according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a section view (reduced in size) taken along the line 22 of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a perspective view showing a strengthened rotor according to the invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic detail view of a section of FIGURE 3 showing the progressively increased concentration of elongate particles in radially displaced portions of the rotor of FIGURE 3.
  • the foregoing procedure can be improved by preparing a predetermined volume of fluid material so as to include elongate particulate matter, i.e., either discrete particles or long molecules, and then orienting the matter with the long dimension thereof lying substantially in concentric circular paths about a common axis. The material is then solidified to retain the above orientation of the elongate matter.
  • elongate particulate matter i.e., either discrete particles or long molecules
  • a cylindrical centrifuge bowl 25, such as shown in FIG- URE 3, can be formed by applying centrifugal forces to the material thereof and maintaining the material in a state of shear as the construction material sets up.
  • the apparatus of FIGURE 1 comprises a hollow cylindrical mold open at one end for receiving therein fluid material containing elongate particulate matter.
  • the mold is mounted for centrifugation about its own axis.
  • a mandrel depends coaxially into the mold and is rotatable with respect thereto. Means are provided for rotating the mold and mandrel at different respective angular velocities to provide layers of shear in the fluid material.
  • the layers of shear serve to orient elongated particules included in the material to dispose them substantially normal to radii of the bowl.
  • Equipment suitable to orient the particulate matter can include a hollow bowl-shaped mold 10 mounted upon a shaft 11.
  • a mandrel 12 is fixed to the end of an associated shaft 13 and arranged to depend coaxially into the interior of mold 10 to rotate relative thereto.
  • the upper end of mold 10 threadably receives a closure member 14.
  • Member 14 is formed with an opening 15 through which fluid material can enter the annular region 16 defined between the periphery of mandrel 12 and the inner wall of mold 10.
  • Mandrel 12 is also spaced from the bottom of mold 10 to form a circular region 17. Regions 16 and 17, therefore, generally define the form of a cylindrically shaped, hollow centrifuge rotor bowl 25.
  • the top surface of member 14 is further provided with a funnel-like flange 18 for more easily pouring fluid material into mold 10.
  • Means are provided for driving shafts 11 and 12 at different angular velocities.
  • a motor 20 is connected to drive a suitable speed differential mechanism 21 of conventional construction.
  • Speed differential 21 is connected to drive the shafts 11, 13, by means of suitable drive connections 22, 23.
  • a slot 24 can be formed in mandrel 12. Slot 24 insures an adequate supply of construction material sufiicient to provide full thickness to the bowl wall. Operation of motor 20 drives mandrel 12 and mold 10 to maintain a different rotational velocity of the material at the inner and outer boundaries thereof and at radially displaced portions therebetween to produce layers of shear 27 there- 1n.
  • the method employed to form a rotor, such as bowl 25, generally follows the steps of preparing a predetermined volume of fluid construction material including elongate particulate matter, orienting the matter with the long dimension thereof lying substantially in circular paths about an axis common thereto, and solidifying the material to retain the orientation.
  • a substantial concentrating or compacting force acting radially away from the axis of rotation while the elongate matter is so oriented is so oriented.
  • a preferred method of manufacturing a rotor bowl 25 as shown in FIGURE 3, starting for example, with a normally solid thermoplastic material such as aluminum, or titanium, can commence by heating the construction material to a fluid condition. I then accumulate in rotatable mold a predetermined volume of the construction material in regions 16, 17. I also preferably accumulate therein a quantity of elongated particles such as chopped glass, or iron filings, or the like, having relatively high tensile strength lengthwise thereof. I next rotate the mold at typical centrifugation velocities on the order of 1000 rpm. During rotation of mold 10 a drag is imparted to an upwardly extending boundary portion of the material so as to provide layers of shear 27.
  • a drag is imparted to an upwardly extending boundary portion of the material so as to provide layers of shear 27.
  • the differential serves to orient elongate particulate matter transversely to the radii of the mold. This can be done by rotating mandrel 12 faster than, slower than, or in an opposite direction to the mold 10. Accordingly, any suitable speed differential mechanism 21 can be selected for these functions.
  • member 14 can be removed by means of a spanner wrench engaging detents 26 and the bowl-shaped member 25 is then removed.
  • Member 25 will have a lug formed on its inner wall corresponding to groove 24 and this can be removed by suitable machining.
  • the foregoing procedure provides a number of concentric circular layers of shear 27 in bowl 25 during centrifugation which serve to orient particulate matter 228 virtually tangent to circular layers 27.
  • the matter 28 transversely to radii of layers 27, enhanced strength can be imparted to rotortype members without resort to development of expensive metallurgical compounds or treatment.
  • the foregoing procedure also serves to distribute a progressively greater concentration of elongate particulate matter 28 in those portions of bowl 25 which are closer to the periphery.
  • elongate particulate matter should be understood to include the use of construction material simply having long molecules as well as construction material which has been combined with discrete particles of matter such as chopped glass or iron filings which are readily visible to the naked eye.
  • discrete particles of matter such as chopped glass or iron filings which are readily visible to the naked eye.
  • the member is formed of a construction material including elongate particulate matter, the long dimension of the matter lying substantially normal to radii of the cylindrical member. It will be further evident that the concentration of the matter per unit volume of material is greater in portions of the cylindrical member farther from the axis of rotation.
  • thermosetting plastics elongate particulate matter can first be oriented by means of an angular velocity diflerential as described above. solidification of thermosetting material would then need to be actively induced, as by heating.
  • One suitable plastic for this purpose is phenolic. This material will solidify if heated to 350 F. and maintained thereat for several minutes.
  • Chemically settable materials can also be employed, such as epoxy which can be solidified by addition of a catalyst.
  • a high strength, rigid cylindrical member adapted for high speed rotation about the axis thereof, said memher being formed of solidified thermoplastic material of uniform density including particulate matter, the concentration of said matter per unit volume of said material being progressively greater in the more radially remote portions of said member.
  • a high strength member as defined in claim 1 in which said particulate matter is elongate, the long dimension thereof lying substantially normal to radii of said cylindrical member.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
US516832A 1963-03-14 1965-12-01 High strength rotary member Expired - Lifetime US3363479A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7036/64A GB1021306A (en) 1963-03-14 1964-02-20 High strength rigid cylindrical member and method
CH286764A CH425099A (de) 1963-03-14 1964-03-05 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen eines starren, zylindrischen Körpers und nach dem Verfahren hergestellter Körper
SE3019/64A SE311064B (xx) 1963-03-14 1964-03-11
DE19641458145 DE1458145A1 (de) 1963-03-14 1964-03-13 Hochgeschwindigkeitsrotor und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben
US516832A US3363479A (en) 1963-03-14 1965-12-01 High strength rotary member
US516833A US3468997A (en) 1963-03-14 1965-12-01 Method of making a high strength rotary member

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US265090A US3263274A (en) 1963-03-14 1963-03-14 High strength rotary member and method
US516832A US3363479A (en) 1963-03-14 1965-12-01 High strength rotary member

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3363479A true US3363479A (en) 1968-01-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US516832A Expired - Lifetime US3363479A (en) 1963-03-14 1965-12-01 High strength rotary member

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3363479A (xx)
CH (1) CH425099A (xx)
DE (1) DE1458145A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1021306A (xx)
SE (1) SE311064B (xx)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3602067A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-08-31 United Aircraft Corp Flywheel
US3602066A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-08-31 United Aircraft Corp High-energy flywheel
DE1750523B1 (de) * 1968-05-10 1971-12-09 Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zweignie Verfahren zur herstellung einer trommel oder welle
US3689614A (en) * 1970-01-28 1972-09-05 Abex Corp Centrifugal molding of ceramic tubes containing metal fibers
US3859868A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-01-14 Post Group Inertial energy storage apparatus
US4207778A (en) * 1976-07-19 1980-06-17 General Electric Company Reinforced cross-ply composite flywheel and method for making same
US4285251A (en) * 1978-09-13 1981-08-25 U.S. Flywheels, Inc. Rim for use in flywheels for kinetic energy storage
US4370899A (en) * 1978-09-13 1983-02-01 U.S. Flywheels, Inc. Flywheel for kinetic energy storage
US4468269A (en) * 1973-03-28 1984-08-28 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Ultracentrifuge rotor
US4817453A (en) * 1985-12-06 1989-04-04 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Fiber reinforced centrifuge rotor
US4860610A (en) * 1984-12-21 1989-08-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Wound rotor element and centrifuge fabricated therefrom
US5778736A (en) * 1996-06-12 1998-07-14 Dow-United Technologies Composite Products, Inc. Spiral woven composite flywheel rim
EP1297400A1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2003-04-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Composite rotors for flywheels and methods of fabrication thereof
DE102005005660A1 (de) * 2005-02-08 2006-08-10 Westfalia Separator Ag Separatortrommel
US20100021333A1 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 Caterpillar Inc. Method of forming hollow part

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802706A (en) * 1926-08-20 1931-04-28 Davis James Carey Car-wheel mold
US2993235A (en) * 1957-03-04 1961-07-25 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for making reinforced resin products

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802706A (en) * 1926-08-20 1931-04-28 Davis James Carey Car-wheel mold
US2993235A (en) * 1957-03-04 1961-07-25 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for making reinforced resin products

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1750523B1 (de) * 1968-05-10 1971-12-09 Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zweignie Verfahren zur herstellung einer trommel oder welle
US3602066A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-08-31 United Aircraft Corp High-energy flywheel
US3602067A (en) * 1969-09-18 1971-08-31 United Aircraft Corp Flywheel
US3689614A (en) * 1970-01-28 1972-09-05 Abex Corp Centrifugal molding of ceramic tubes containing metal fibers
US4468269A (en) * 1973-03-28 1984-08-28 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Ultracentrifuge rotor
US3859868A (en) * 1973-06-21 1975-01-14 Post Group Inertial energy storage apparatus
US4207778A (en) * 1976-07-19 1980-06-17 General Electric Company Reinforced cross-ply composite flywheel and method for making same
US4285251A (en) * 1978-09-13 1981-08-25 U.S. Flywheels, Inc. Rim for use in flywheels for kinetic energy storage
US4370899A (en) * 1978-09-13 1983-02-01 U.S. Flywheels, Inc. Flywheel for kinetic energy storage
US4860610A (en) * 1984-12-21 1989-08-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Wound rotor element and centrifuge fabricated therefrom
US4817453A (en) * 1985-12-06 1989-04-04 E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Fiber reinforced centrifuge rotor
US5778736A (en) * 1996-06-12 1998-07-14 Dow-United Technologies Composite Products, Inc. Spiral woven composite flywheel rim
US6029350A (en) * 1996-06-12 2000-02-29 Gkn Westland Aerospace Inc. Spiral woven composite flywheel rim
EP1297400A1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2003-04-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Composite rotors for flywheels and methods of fabrication thereof
EP1297400A4 (en) * 2000-06-27 2005-02-16 Univ Leland Stanford Junior VERBUNDROTOREN FOR FLYWHEELS AND THEIR MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
DE102005005660A1 (de) * 2005-02-08 2006-08-10 Westfalia Separator Ag Separatortrommel
US20100021333A1 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 Caterpillar Inc. Method of forming hollow part
US7718115B2 (en) 2008-07-23 2010-05-18 Caterpillar Inc. Method of forming hollow part

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1021306A (en) 1966-03-02
SE311064B (xx) 1969-05-27
DE1458145A1 (de) 1968-12-12
CH425099A (de) 1966-11-30

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