US3359740A - Dock fender systems - Google Patents

Dock fender systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3359740A
US3359740A US529077A US52907766A US3359740A US 3359740 A US3359740 A US 3359740A US 529077 A US529077 A US 529077A US 52907766 A US52907766 A US 52907766A US 3359740 A US3359740 A US 3359740A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piles
beams
construction
dock fender
dock
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US529077A
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English (en)
Inventor
Cochrane Graham Hugh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taylor Woodrow Construction Ltd
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Taylor Woodrow Construction Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taylor Woodrow Construction Ltd filed Critical Taylor Woodrow Construction Ltd
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/28—Fender piles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Definitions

  • a dock fender system comprises a row of piles embedded in the water bed at spaced points.
  • Transverse beam means interconnect the upper parts of the piles and are stressed by force acting forwardly toward that face of the construction against which berthing impact may occur.
  • Means which may be end piles or separate abutments at the opposite ends of the beam means, react against the stressing force.
  • the stressing force may be applied by tensioned wires or the like, or may be caused by a method of construction in which the beam means, before assembly, has a line of longitudinal extent out of conformation with the layout line of the piles.
  • This invention relates to dock fender systems of the kind wherein the kinetic energy of a berthing vessel is absorbed by the deflection of vertical or raking piles firmly embedded in the water bed, e.g., sea or river bed.
  • a dock fender construction which will have a greater energy absorption capacity than similar constructions hitherto in use and broadly in accordance therewith it is proposed to provide a fender construction comprising a plurality of upstanding piles which are firmly embedded in the water bed, e.g., sea or river bed at appropriately spaced points and are linked or interconnected at their upper parts by a transverse beam or a plurality of such beams, said beam or beams being flexed or stressed in such a manner as to cause that part thereof against which berthing impact is likely to occur to be forced forwardly against the reaction of certain of the piles, of abutments at the ends of the beam or beams or of adjoining reversely curved beam sections.
  • the flexing or stressing of the transverse beam or beams may be effected by means of one or more tensioning wires or cables or through the medium of fluid operated jack means or other appropriate devices, or simply by imparting before assembly of the structure an initial curvature which is in excess of or does not conform to the layout or pattern of the piles.
  • the piles may be disposed in spaced relation along a straight line or along a curved or arcuate path or a succession of curved or arcuate paths such as will provide a corrugated or regular wave formation when seen in plan.
  • a method of constructing a dock fender system which comprises in embedding a plurality of piles at spaced points in a predetermined relationship in the sea or river bed, interconnecting or linking the upper ends of said piles by means of a transversely extending beam or a series of such beams which is or are stressed or flexed so that that portion thereof against which berthing impact is likely will be forced forwardly or outwardly against the reaction of certain of the piles or of fixed abutments or other means.
  • FIGURE 1 is a front elevational view of a dock fender structure
  • FIGURE 2 is a plan view of the structure shown in FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a section on the line 33 of FIGURE 2 but drawn to a larger scale
  • FIGURE 4 illustrates a possible modification of the construction shown in FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 5 is a plan view illustrating diagrammatically a possible berthing layout
  • FIGURES 6-9 illustrate diagrammatically several possible alternative prefiexed beam arrangements.
  • the dock fender structure comprises a plurality of high tension steel piles 10 which are driven into the water bed, e.g., sea or river bed so that they will cantilever from the latter.
  • the tender construction presents a face which, in the form shown in FIGURE 2 is convex, against which berthing impact may occur.
  • the piles 10 will preferably be driven at equally spaced points along a preselected layout line so that they extend upwardly in spaced parallel relation and they may be driven vertically or they may be appropriately raked as indicated in FIGURE 3.
  • the piles 10 are interconnected or linked together by a plurality of transversely extending beams 11 also of high tension steel. Possibly in certain cases it may be feasible to employ a single transverse beam but generally a plurality of such beams will be employed as indicated in FIGURE 1.
  • the transverse beams 11 (or beam where only one is employed) will be welded or otherwise fixedly secured to the piles 10.
  • tensioning wire or cable 12 With the beam or beams 11 in place it or each one of them is flexed or stressed by means of a tensioning wire or cable 12, the opposite ends of which are, as will be clearly seen from FIGURE 2, appropriately anchored to the beams at spaced points.
  • the arrangement of the tensioning wire or cable is such as to cause the central portion of the beam 11 to be forced forwardly or outwardly against the reaction of the end piles so that as illustrated in FIGURE 2 said beam will assume a bowed or arcuate shape in plan.
  • the tension wire or cable 12 will be supported at spaced points along its length by means of appropriate brackets or the like such as are indicated at 13.
  • the piles 10 may be driven in the sea or river bed so as to be spaced along a straight line or a curved or arcuate path.
  • the transverse beam or beams 11 will initially be of corresponding curved or arcuate form in plan and on preflexing or prestressing as described above the degree of curvature will be increased.
  • the deflection of the central portion of the or each transverse beam 11 in a direction transverse to its longitudinal axis will cause a displacement of the beam ends in a direction partly along said beam axis.
  • the degree of fixity of the pile heads in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam may be made greater than that in the direction perpendicular to said beam axis and thus it is possible to increase the supporting reaction which the end piles provide for the centre piles whilst still permitting maximum pile head movement transverse to the beam. axis at whatever point the berthing impact occurs.
  • FIGURES l-3 fender elements 14 of timber or other appropriate material are attached to the face of the transverse beams 11 while the structure also incorporates a walkway or platform 15 extending along the top thereof.
  • the construction of the actual dock, quay or landing platform in conjunction with which the fender structure or system according to the invention is employed is immaterial and it will depend upon the requirements in any particular case.
  • One possible berthing layout is indicated diagrammatically in FIGURE 5 and it will be seen that in that case three flexed beam fender structures are shown but that is purely by way of example and the number of tender structures may be varied to suit any particular requirements.
  • FIGURE 5 it is envisaged that a system of loading conveyors, one being illustrated indicated at 17, will be employed but here again that is purely exemplary since the flexed beam fender structure or system of the invention may be employed with any appropriate quay or shore structure or installation.
  • the piles may be so arranged that on erection of the fender system it will when seen in plan have a corrugated or regular wave like formation as indicated in FIGURES 8 and 9.
  • the preflexing or prestressing of the beam or beams 11 will be such that alternate portions, i.e., portions curved forwardly, will be flexed or stressed against the reactions of the intervening rearwardly curved portions. 7
  • fender system may be equipped with a walkway, platform or the like extending wholly or partially along the top thereof somewhat as indicated in FIGURES 1-3 and additionally fender elements of timber or other appropriate material such as are indicated at 14 in FIGURES 1-3 may be attached to the beam or beams at appropriate points.
  • a dock fender construction having a face against which berthing impact may occur, said construction comprising a row of a plurality of piles embedded in the water bed at spaced points; transverse beam means interconnecting said piles at their upper parts and being stressed by force acting in a direction forwardly toward said face of said construction; and means at the opposite ends of the beam means for reacting against the aforesaid stressing force.
  • a dock fender structure according to claim l including tensioning wire means for stressing said beam means in said direction.
  • a dock fender structure according to claim 1 in which said beam means, when interconnected to said piles, inherently is stressed by force acting in said direction, whereby, in the assembled and interconnected pile and beam means structure, said beam means is prestressed.
  • a dock fender structure according to claim 1 in which said piles are disposed along a curved path.
  • a dock fender structure according to claim 1 in which said piles are disposed along a succession of curved paths providing a corrugated formation.
  • a dock fender structure in which said beam means comprises a plurality of transverse beams connected to said piles and in vertically spaced parallel relation to one another, certain of said beams being of longer length and extending from one end to the other end of said row of piles, and other of said beams being of shorter length, whereby zones of reduced stiffness are provided in said structure.
  • a dock fender structure according to claim I in which adjoining beam sections are reversely curved to provide said corrugated formation, and in which alternate beam sections are forced forwardly against the reaction of intervening reversely curved beam sections.
  • a method of constructing a dock fender system having a face against which berthing impact may occur comprising embedding a plurality of piles at spaced points in the water bed along a layout line; and interconnecting the upper parts of said piles with at least one transversely extending beam which, before being connected to said piles, has a line of longitudinal extent out of conformation with said layout line, said beam being stressed in the assembled system by force acting in a direction forwardly toward said face.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
US529077A 1965-02-26 1966-02-21 Dock fender systems Expired - Lifetime US3359740A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8519/65A GB1067112A (en) 1965-02-26 1965-02-26 Improvements in or relating to dock fender structures

Publications (1)

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US3359740A true US3359740A (en) 1967-12-26

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US529077A Expired - Lifetime US3359740A (en) 1965-02-26 1966-02-21 Dock fender systems

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US (1) US3359740A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1290884B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1067112A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL148968B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080236839A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Controlling flows in a well
US20110000675A1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2011-01-06 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Flow control device and method for a downhole oil-water separator

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104612186A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-13 中交一航局第二工程有限公司 一种沉管隧道艉端防护装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780388A (en) * 1954-05-04 1957-02-05 Continental Can Co Adjustable cup dispenser
DE1054388B (de) * 1957-12-09 1959-04-02 Mannesmann Ag Leitwand fuer Schiffe
DE1085104B (de) * 1959-08-24 1960-07-07 Fernando Vasco Costa Elastischer Dalbe

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780388A (en) * 1954-05-04 1957-02-05 Continental Can Co Adjustable cup dispenser
DE1054388B (de) * 1957-12-09 1959-04-02 Mannesmann Ag Leitwand fuer Schiffe
DE1085104B (de) * 1959-08-24 1960-07-07 Fernando Vasco Costa Elastischer Dalbe

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080236839A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Controlling flows in a well
US8291979B2 (en) 2007-03-27 2012-10-23 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Controlling flows in a well
US20110000675A1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2011-01-06 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Flow control device and method for a downhole oil-water separator
US8327941B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2012-12-11 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Flow control device and method for a downhole oil-water separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1290884B (de) 1969-03-13
GB1067112A (en) 1967-05-03
NL148968B (nl) 1976-03-15
NL6602500A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1966-08-29

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