US3359609A - Process for crimping thermoplastic filamentary material - Google Patents

Process for crimping thermoplastic filamentary material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3359609A
US3359609A US396190A US39619064A US3359609A US 3359609 A US3359609 A US 3359609A US 396190 A US396190 A US 396190A US 39619064 A US39619064 A US 39619064A US 3359609 A US3359609 A US 3359609A
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Prior art keywords
crimping
yarn
chamber
zone
annular
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US396190A
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English (en)
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Iwnicki Kurt
Thomas James Frederick
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British Nylon Spinners Ltd
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British Nylon Spinners Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes

Definitions

  • PROCESS FOR CRIMPING THERMOPLASTIC FILAMENTARY MATERIAL United States Patent 3,359,609 PROCESS FOR CRlMPING THERMOPLASTIC FILAMENTARY MATERIAL Kurt Iwnicki, Ponthir, and James Frederick Thomas, Newport, England, assignors to British Nylon Spinners Limited, Pontypool, Monmouthshire, England Filed Sept. 14, 1964, Ser. No. 396,190 Claims priority, a plication Great Britain, Sept. 26, 1963, 37,848/ 63 6 Claims. (Cl.
  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Method and apparatus for crimping and setting filaments wherein the filaments are forced into a stufier-box crimping chamber from which they pass tangentially into an annular setting chamber in the form of helical coils.
  • the setting chamber is formed between inner and outer cylindrical members one of which is rotatable for the purpose of maintaining crimping back pressure.
  • the invention concerns a process for crimping thermoplastic filamentary material, such as yarns and tows of nylon continuous filaments.
  • crimping and crimp-setting may be achieved is by employing a crimping chamber and a 7 distinct but adjacent setting chamber.
  • the known setting chambers are straight and directly in line with the length direction of the crimping chambers.
  • the length of a setting chamber is selected having in mind the length of time which it is required that the crimped yarn or tow shall be submitted to conditioning or heat-setting, in order that the crimp shall be completely and uniformly set.
  • a rotatable circular setting chamber a part or parts of which are adapted to provide motion to the tow or yarn in the direction of rotation.
  • a process for treating filamentary material comprises the steps of positively forwarding said material continuously and at least substantially tangentially to one end of a treatment zone constituted by an annular space bounded by an outer and an inner cylindrical member, at least one said member being rotatable about its axis in a direction such that it is travelling in the same direction as the forwarded filamentary material at the point of initial contact therewith, of advancing said material in the axial direction of said members towards the other end of said treatment zone in the form of contiguous helical coils between said members, and of removing said material from said other end of said treatment zone.
  • apparatus for treating and advancing filamentary material comprises an inner cylindrical member and an outer cylindrical member, said members defining between them an annular space and at least one such member being adapted for rotation about its axis, and means closing one end of said annular space and providing an internal filamentary material-contacting cam surface of helical nature.
  • a process for crimping and treating thermoplastic filamentary material comprises forcing a unit of said material continuously into a confined space in which the material is buckled to assume a crimped configuration and is accumulated in compacted condition, forwarding the compacted crimped filamentary material from said space at least substantially tangentially into one end of an annular treating zone by the pressure exerted upon it in said space, in which zone the crimped filamentary material, still in compacted condition, is advanced, substantially normally to the direction in which it was forwarded, in a plurality of contiguous helical coils along the annular zone, and withdrawing the crimped filamentary material in unitary form from the last of said helical coils.
  • the compacted crimped filamentary material is accumulated in coils for treating, e.g. crimp-setting by heat treatment in the treating zone, and the direction of progression of said material is changed through a right angle.
  • the direction of withdrawal can be parallel to that of the progression of coils along the heating zone, or any direction thereabouts up to the perpendicular thereto.
  • thermoplastic filamentary material which may, for instance, be a plurality of heavy denier nylon continuous filament yarns, may be forced into the confined space by nip rolls as in a standard stuifer-box crimper.
  • the front and back walls of the stutter-box chamber are shaped to enable the compacted crimped filamentary material to be forced directly into one end of the annular treating zone, with no gaps big enough for filaments to get trapped in.
  • the direction and point of feed into the annular treating zone are preferably downwardly and to one side of the axis of said zone, respectively, i.e. at least substantially tangentially to said annular heating zone.
  • Heating of the thermoplastic filamentary material within the zone can be by any of the usual means, such as electrical resistance heaters, as described in the aforementioned co-pending applications.
  • the effect of the coiled accumulation of filamentary material in the annular treating zone is to enable very prolonged and through conditioning, e.g. heat-setting, of the crimp to take place without, for instance, employing dangerously high temperatures.
  • the annular treating zone may be mounted simply with its inner and/ or outer cylindrical members rotatable by the action of the forwarded, compacted crimped filamentary material, in which case the rotatable member or members has to be braked by an amount appropriate for the initiation of crimping back pressure; or, alternatively, such members or members may be so driven, in the direction of forwarding of material, that the said crimping back pressure is initiated and regulated.
  • a yieldable closure member such as the bell-shaped plunger referred to in the aforementioned co-pending applications, may usefully be employed for retaining a given light pressure on the coils of compacted crimped material in the treating zone; and such yieldable member may also serve as a means for ensuring that a unit of material, e.g. a yarn or a coherent plurality of yarns, is uniformly withdrawn from the compacted mass in the last coil, without snarls, knots or other tangles being allowed to remain, and as a means for sensing continuously the amount of material within the treating zone.
  • a unit of material e.g. a yarn or a coherent plurality of yarns
  • the apparatus incorporating the treating zone is preferably that described and claimed in our aforementioned second co-pending application.
  • the overall control of the running of the present process is in accordance with a process whereby the amount of filamentary material within the heatsetting zone is sensed by the yieldable closure member, and the movement of such member is used to control, preferably electrically, a ten-sioning device to apply a variable tension to the filamentary material withdrawn from the zone, to keep the amount in the zone substantially constant.
  • thefilamentary material may be cooled prior to, or subsequent to, its withdrawal from the treating zone, and in any event prior to wind-up, in order that the crimp shall not be removed owing to the material still being, for instance, in a plastic condition at the time, when the tension of winding-up is applied to it.
  • the process of the invention has been used for crimping together three ends (i.e. singles yarns) of multifilament yarn of polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), each of some 1000 denier, at speeds up to at least 3000 feet per minute.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagram of a combined drawing and crimping lay-out in which the invention is employed;
  • FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal partly sectional view, through X-X of FIGURE 3, of crimping and advancing apparatus embodying the principle of the invention;
  • FIGURE 3 is a transverse sectional view, through YY of FIGURE 2, of the said crimping and advancing apparatus;
  • FIGURE 4 is a plan view of a flange-like member employed in the said crimping and advancing apparatus
  • FIGURE 5 is a side view on A of FIGURE 4.
  • FIGURE 6 is a side view on B of FIGURE 4.
  • FIGURE 7 is a side view on C of FIGURE 4.
  • the lay-out depicted in FIGURE 1 comprises the withdrawal of undrawn yarn Y from square-ended package -1 wound on cylindrical former 3 by means of driven nip rolls 9.'The yarn Y balloons on take-off and is drawn through balloon guide 5, on the axis of former 3, and
  • the undrawn yarn is then forwarded under tension to the drawing stage comprising feed roll 11, with its separator roll 13, and draw roll 17, with its separator roll 19. Between the feed and draw rolls the yarn is wrapped around snubbing pin to create the point of draw.
  • pin may be heated by internal electric resistance means (not shown).
  • the compression crimping apparatus comprises feed roll 21, Whose periphery is directly driven by that of crimper roll 23, and crimper rolls 23 and 25.
  • the drawn yarn is passed under feed roll 21, through the nip between it and crimper roll 23, and thence down through the nip of crimper rolls 2'3, 25 into the crimping chamber generally indicated at 27.
  • the crimped yarn passes directly into the annular treating chamber generally indicated at 29.
  • FIGURE 1 a rotary part of said annular treating chamber includes driving wharl 35 fixed to a shaft rotatable in axially spaced bearings 33. Slida'ole axially of said shaft is spindle 37 of bell-shaped plunger 31, the latter serving as closure member for the discharge end of the annular treating chamber 29.
  • the yarn on withdrawal from the annular treating chamber 29 is crimped, and is now designated Y Withdrawal is effected by rotation of wind-up roll 57 carrying package 55 by the surface drive of said package from the periphery of drive roll 53.
  • Crimped yarn Y is passed through thread guide 43 on the axis of the annular treating chamber; and thence around tensioning bollards 45 for imparting a low tension to the yarn so that it is in even condition when passed around the periphery of magnetic particle yarn brake 47.
  • the yarn is passed over pin 49 and thence through reciprocating thread-guide 51 for traversing the yarn on to the wind-up package 55.
  • the regulation of the amount of yarn within the annular treating chamber 29 is performed by the function of the bell-shaped plunger 31 and the yarn brake 47.
  • the plunger 31 is spring-loaded and hence its axial position with respect to the chamber 29 will give an indication of the amount of yarn compacted within the chamber. Movement of the plunger 31 and its spindle 37 is arranged to be transmitted, via the lever 39 and a cam fixedly mounted to the pivot thereof, to roller 41 on the spring-arm of a micro-switch.
  • the micro-switch is contained in an electrical circuit fed from the alternating current mains via two-tap transformer 59. Depending on whether the switch is made or broken, alternating current at either a high or a low voltage is supplied from the thus selected tapping of the transformer to rectifier circuit 61.
  • the direct current output of said rectifier at either the high or the low voltage, is fed to magnetic particle yarn brake 47, whereby more or less braking effect is imparted to the crimped yarn.
  • the more the yarn is braked the higher will be the tension in the yarn between the brake and the windup; and, as the crimped yarn is extensible, the higher the tension the less amount, in weight, of yarn will be wound in unit time.
  • the amount of yarn withdrawn from the annular treating chamber in unit time can be controlled by these means.
  • the crimping and advancing apparatus shown in FIG- URES 2 and 3 embodies the principle of the invention wherein yarn or the like is treated in an annular chamber whilst being advanced in contiguous coils axially of that chamber.
  • yarn Y is fed by feed roll 21 into the nip of crimper rolls 23, 25, as already described with respect to FIGURE 1.
  • the crimping chamber 27 of the stutter-box type of compression crimper comprises back wall 70, front wall 77 and side walls 67, 69. These walls are shaped at their lower ends to fit closely against the outer cylindrical shell 71 of annular treating and advancing chamber 29.
  • the inlet end of the chamber 29 is closed by flangelike closure member 63 having an inwardly-facing helical cam surface 79-81, which will be described in greater detail with respect to FIGURES 4-7, in which it alone is depicted.
  • the crimped yarn is forced in a compressed column from the crimping chamber directly downwardly into the annular treating chamber, around which it is advanced in contiguous coils 75 of compressed yarn nature.
  • the annular chamber is formed by the fixed outer cylindrical shell 71 and the inner rotatable roller 73.
  • the surface of the roller 73 is corrugated longitudinally, i.e. in the axial direction.
  • the discharge end of the annular chamber is provided with a closure member in the form of bell-shaped plunger 31, around the rim of which the crimped yarn Y is withdrawn through guide 43.
  • the plunger 31 is lightly held in contact with the furthermost coil of compressed yarn by reason of compressed spring 65 by which its spindle 37 is urged in the leftward direction of FIG- URE 2.
  • the flange-like member 63 has an inwardly-facing helical cam surface 79-81 of some 405 in arcuate extent.
  • the first coil of compressed yarn is formed and is kept separate from the succeeding coil so as to avoid entanglement of the filaments of the respective coils.
  • the compressed mass of crimped yarn is forced into the rectangular space bounded by the flange 63 on one side, the end 81 of the helical cam surface on the opposite side, a flat surface 78 cut in the cam surface support and the back wall 70 of the crimping chamber (not shown in FIGURE 6).
  • the rotatable roller 73 of the annular treating chamber is positively driven from wharl 35, and its shaft is supported in axially spaced bearings 33.
  • the spindle 37 of plunger 31 is slideable within said shaft against the force of spring 65.
  • the outer cylindrical shell 71 may have an electrical resistance heater jacket attached exteriorly thereof.
  • the interior of roller 73 may be provided with electric cartridge heaters, the electric supply to which can be via slip-rings on the shaft between bearings 33.
  • Example I Three ends (single yarns) of drawn 1040 denier/ 68 filament continuous-filament yarn of polyhexamethylene adipamide were withdrawn from draw-twist packages by means of rolls as illustrated in FIGURE 2, and a tension of 200 grams was applied to each end by pulling the yarn through a tension-imparting device.
  • the crimping rolls were positively driven at a peripheral speed of 1500 feet/minute; and the fluted roller of the annular treating chamber was rotated at 35 revolutions per minute. Under these conditions, 12 coils of compressed yarn were maintained within the annular chamber, which was heated to 180 C. 'by means of an electric resistance in an annular jacket surrounding the outer cylindrical shell.
  • the crimped yarn was withdrawn and wound-up according to the arrangement depicted in FIGURE 1, the wind-up speed being 1300 feet/minute.
  • the magnetic particle brake oscillated between a high setting of 300 grams and a low setting of 100 grams.
  • the crimped yarn was adequately bulked, having a skein length (15 grams weight) of 12% inches.
  • Example 11 Three ends (single yarns) of undrawn3600 denier/ 68 filament yarn of polyhexamethylene adipamide were withdrawn from spinning cylinder supply packages, and drawn at a draw ratio of 3.711 and crimped according to the arrangement depicted in FIGURE 1.
  • the crimping rolls were positively rotated at a peripheral speed of 1500 feet/minute; and the fluted roller of the annular treating chamber was rotated at 42 revolutions per minute. No heat was supplied to the walls of-the annular treating chamber, the temperature of which rose to 90 C. due to the heat imparted from the yarn.
  • the crimped yarn was bulked to an equivalent skein length value to that of the yarn of Example I, the actual skein length being 15 inches with a weight of 60 grams employed, rather than 15 grams.
  • Example III The conditions of Example II were the same, except that the peripheral speed of the crimping rolls was 3000 feet/minute, and the rotational speed of the roller in the annular treating chamber was revolutions per minute.
  • Example IV The process described in Example II was repeated for equivalent undrawn yarns of Terylene polyester fibre, but in this instance the snubbing pin was heated and the yarn was forwarded from the draw roll to the stuffer-box rolls at a low degree of mechanical underfeed, i.e. the feed rolls were rotated at a peripheral speed slightly higher than that of the draw roll.
  • thermoplastic filamentary material comprising the steps of (a) forcing a unit of said material continuously into a confined space in which the material is buckled to assume a crimped configuration and is accumulated in compacted condition;
  • thermoplastic filamentary material comprising the steps of (a) continuously drawing a unit of said material to orient the molecules thereof;
  • MERVIN STEIN Primary Examiner. I. C. WADDEY, Assistant Examiner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US396190A 1963-09-26 1964-09-14 Process for crimping thermoplastic filamentary material Expired - Lifetime US3359609A (en)

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GB3784863 1963-09-26

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US (1) US3359609A (fr)
BE (1) BE653628A (fr)
CH (1) CH454345A (fr)
DK (1) DK113864B (fr)
ES (1) ES304435A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI43332C (fr)
IL (1) IL22082A (fr)
LU (1) LU46952A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL6411014A (fr)
NO (1) NO118866B (fr)
SE (1) SE306590B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924311A (en) * 1969-04-11 1975-12-09 Robert K Stanley Strand drawing and crimping treatment
US4118843A (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-10-10 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Processes and apparatus for thermal treatment of filaments
US4309801A (en) * 1979-06-28 1982-01-12 Chevron Research Texturizing process

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046633A (en) * 1959-03-16 1962-07-31 Chori Co Ltd Apparatus for producing crimped thermoplastic synthetic yarns
US3108352A (en) * 1960-05-23 1963-10-29 Monsanto Chemicals Discharge chute for stuffer crimpers
US3145947A (en) * 1962-08-13 1964-08-25 Techniservice Corp Unwinding strand from a traversewound package or the like
US3311961A (en) * 1963-09-26 1967-04-04 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Process for treating filamentary material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3046633A (en) * 1959-03-16 1962-07-31 Chori Co Ltd Apparatus for producing crimped thermoplastic synthetic yarns
US3108352A (en) * 1960-05-23 1963-10-29 Monsanto Chemicals Discharge chute for stuffer crimpers
US3145947A (en) * 1962-08-13 1964-08-25 Techniservice Corp Unwinding strand from a traversewound package or the like
US3311961A (en) * 1963-09-26 1967-04-04 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Process for treating filamentary material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924311A (en) * 1969-04-11 1975-12-09 Robert K Stanley Strand drawing and crimping treatment
US4118843A (en) * 1976-07-16 1978-10-10 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Processes and apparatus for thermal treatment of filaments
US4309801A (en) * 1979-06-28 1982-01-12 Chevron Research Texturizing process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH454345A (de) 1968-06-28
FI43332B (fr) 1970-11-30
LU46952A1 (fr) 1964-11-16
IL22082A (en) 1968-01-25
NO118866B (fr) 1970-02-23
FI43332C (fi) 1971-03-10
ES304435A1 (es) 1965-03-16
NL6411014A (fr) 1965-03-29
CH1246564A4 (fr) 1966-07-29
DK113864B (da) 1969-05-05
BE653628A (fr)
SE306590B (fr) 1968-12-02

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